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J G Strickler

Publications and source records attributed to J G Strickler.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Infrequent detection of Toxoplasma gondii genome in toxoplasmic lymphadenitis: a polymerase chain reaction study.

The diagnosis of toxoplasmic lymphadenitis is currently established by histologic evaluation with confirmation by serologic studies. We used a sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction methodology for the identification of toxoplasmic genomes previously reported by others to investigate whether this technology could contribute to the diagnosis. We were able to reliably detect toxoplasmic genomes in paraffin-embedded tissues of toxoplasmic encephalitis and myocarditis, and serial dilution studies indicated a high degree of sensitivity. Nonetheless, we identified toxoplasmic genomes in frozen tissue from only one of nine cases of toxoplasmic lymphadenitis. In the one positive case, only one of three frozen samples from the lymph node biopsy was positive, indicating a focal infection within the lymph node. It is concluded that polymerase chain reaction studies, at their current level of sensitivity, are not of great use in contributing to the evaluation of cases of suspected toxoplasmic lymphadenitis, which continues to be best diagnosed by accurate histopathologic examination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders in solid-organ transplant patients: detection of Epstein-Barr virus by in situ hybridization.

B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (BLPDs) occur in approximately 2% of transplant recipients and are frequently fatal. Indirect serologic evidence has implicated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) as an etiologic factor in these lesions. Direct evidence of the presence of EBV in these lesions has been obtained in relatively few cases. We used in situ hybridization (ISH) with a probe for the BamHI-W region of the EBV genome to study 52 tissue specimens from 28 solid-organ transplant patients who had BLPD. Epstein-Barr virus-infected lymphoid cells were identified in 26 of these 28 patients. The two patients without ISH evidence of EBV infection showed no distinctive clinical, morphologic, or serologic features. Previous filter-hybridization studies of these two patients had demonstrated evidence of EBV infection. Seven additional transplant patients without evidence of BLPD were studied as controls and showed no evidence of EBV in their lymphoid cells by ISH. These data provide further support for the etiologic role of EBV in the pathogenesis of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Adenovirus in the gastrointestinal tracts of immunosuppressed patients.

Adenovirus was cultured from various gastrointestinal sites and one lung specimen from seven immunosuppressed patients, four of whom were bone marrow transplant recipients. Histologic examination and in situ hybridization studies of the lung demonstrated adenovirus in the bronchial epithelium and alveolar lining cells. In contrast, none of the 34 gastrointestinal biopsies performed within 30 days of the positive adenovirus culture showed histologic or molecular evidence of invasive adenovirus in the gastrointestinal mucosa. These results suggest that isolation of adenovirus from gastrointestinal biopsy specimens taken from immunosuppressed patients probably does not indicate an invasive adenoviral infection.

Adenovirus Infections, Human↗
PubMed1992

Small B-cell lymphoid neoplasms with coexisting T-cell lymphomas.

The simultaneous occurrence of a small B-cell lymphocytic neoplasm and a T-cell lymphoma in the same lymph node biopsy specimen is documented in two patients. The biopsy from the first patient, who had a 5-year history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, showed evidence of a small B-cell lymphocytic neoplasm coexisting with a large-cell lymphoma of T-cell phenotype. The lymph node biopsy specimen from the second patient showed features of small lymphocytic lymphoma of B-cell phenotype, coexisting with a small-cell pleomorphic lymphoma of T-cell phenotype. The lymph node specimens from both patients met strict criteria for composite lymphomas. The clinical and morphologic findings in the first patient are those of "Richter's transformation" of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The lymph node biopsy specimens from these two patients demonstrate that small B-cell lymphocytic neoplasms may coexist with T-cell lymphomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Clinical and pathologic significance of the c-erbB-2 (HER-2/neu) oncogene.

Activation of the c-erbB-2 oncogene can occur by amplification of c-erbB-2 DNA and by overproduction of c-erbB-2 mRNA and c-erbB-2 protein. Approximately 20 percent of breast carcinomas show evidence of c-erbB-2 activation, which correlates with a poor prognosis primarily in patients with metastasis to axillary lymph nodes. Studies that have attempted to correlate c-erbB-2 activation with other prognostic factors in breast carcinoma have reported conflicting conclusions. The pathologic and clinical significance of c-erbB-2 activation in other neoplasms is unclear and should be assessed by additional studies.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Overexpression of the c-erbB-2 oncogene in sarcomas and small round-cell tumors of childhood. An immunohistochemical investigation.

Amplification and overexpression of the c-erbB-2 oncogene have been associated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer. The present study evaluates c-erbB-2 protein over-production in sarcomas and in small round-cell tumors of childhood by applying an immunohistochemical technique to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. This technique had previously demonstrated high sensitivity for the detection of c-erbB-2 activation. One peripheral neuroepithelioma demonstrated equivocal immunoreactivity for c-erbB-2 protein. There was no evidence of c-erbB-2 protein overproduction in 11 angiosarcomas, 21 chondrosarcomas, 10 epithelioid sarcomas, 14 Ewing's sarcomas, 20 hepatoblastomas, nine leiomyosarcomas, 12 liposarcomas, 13 malignant fibrous histiocytomas, nine malignant lymphomas, 15 neuroblastomas/ganglioneuroblastomas, 16 neurofibrosarcomas, 10 osteosarcomas, seven peripheral neuroepitheliomas, 10 rhabdomyosarcomas, six synovial sarcomas, and 20 Wilm's tumors. We conclude that overproduction of the c-erbB-2 protein is rare or absent in these neoplasms and that its detection is therefore not likely to be of practical utility in their pathologic evaluation and prognostication.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Detection of metastatic neuroblastoma in bone marrow biopsy specimens with an antibody to neuron-specific enolase.

To verify the practical utility of immunohistochemical analysis of bone marrow biopsy specimens in patients with neuroblastoma, we compared the results of routine histologic examination of 68 specimens with the results of immunohistochemical detection of tumor cells using an antibody to neuron-specific enolase (NSE). A commercially available polyclonal antibody to this enolase isoform consistently reacted with the neoplastic cells in biopsy specimens with histologic features diagnostic of (24 specimens) or suspicious for (one specimen) metastatic neuroblastoma. Immunohistochemical double-staining techniques documented that the NSE-positive neoplastic cells also reacted with antibodies to chromogranin and synaptophysin. Notably, anti-NSE detected small foci of metastatic neuroblastoma in two of 43 biopsy specimens that showed no evidence of metastatic tumor in the initial histologic sections. Rare NSE-reactive hematopoietic cells were present in approximately a third of the specimens with and those without neuroblastoma and were easily distinguished from metastatic tumor by morphologic examination. We conclude that this antibody to NSE consistently detects neuroblastoma cells in routinely processed bone marrow specimens, including small foci of tumor cells not evident in initial histologic sections.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1991

B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders after bone marrow transplant. An analysis of ten cases with emphasis on Epstein-Barr virus detection by in situ hybridization.

Ten patients with B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (BLPD) after bone marrow transplant were studied in a retrospective analysis of 81 specimens available from biopsy and autopsy material. Histologic review, immunophenotyping, and in situ hybridization (ISH) for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) sequences were done. Sixty-four specimens showed morphologic evidence of BLPD, demonstrating a heterogeneous spectrum with various degrees of plasmacytoid differentiation. Immunophenotypic evidence of clonality was found in six patients. The ISH detected EBV sequences in all ten patients, including 60 of the 64 specimens with morphologic evidence of BLPD. In addition, ISH identified EBV-infected lymphoid cells in two of 17 sites without morphologic evidence of BLPD. These data demonstrate the utility of ISH for detecting EBV genome in this setting and provide further evidence for the etiologic role of EBV in the pathogenesis of BLPD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

In situ hybridization for the detection of Epstein-Barr virus in central nervous system lymphomas.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in the development of lymphomas in immunocompromised patients. To test this hypothesis, 26 lymphomas involving the central nervous system (CNS) (11 primary, 15 systemic) were studied for the presence of EBV. In situ hybridization (ISH) was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue using a sulfur 35 (35S)-labeled EBV probe (EBV BAMH1-W). The results were interpreted without knowledge of the patients' immunologic status. The EBV sequences were detected in 11 lymphomas, nine of which were mixed or large cell subtypes. Review of the clinical information revealed that nine of the 26 lymphomas occurred in immunocompromised patients secondary to renal transplantation, human immunodeficiency virus infection, leukemia, and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. The EBV sequences were detected in all nine lymphomas occurring in immunocompromised patients, whereas two of the 17 lymphomas occurring in immunocompetent patients expressed EBV sequences. The authors conclude that the presence of EBV sequences in CNS lymphomas is highly correlated with a history of compromised immune status supporting a pathogenetic role of EBV in the development of CNS lymphomas in immunocompromised patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the skin with adnexal differentiation.

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the skin (LELCS) is a recently-described tumor entity with a microscopic resemblance to undifferentiated carcinoma of the nasopharynx. Only five cases of this lesion have been reported heretofore. We document three additional examples of LELCS that were composed of clustered dermal arrays of cytologically malignant, mitotically active polygonal cells, without connections to the overlying epidermis or skin appendages. Chronic inflammatory cells were interspersed throughout each of the tumors. Two of them demonstrated multiple foci of trichilemmal-type keratinization among the neoplastic cells, whereas the other exhibited focal eccrine ductal or glandular differentiation. None of the neoplasms was found to contain nucleic acid of Epstein-Barr virus by in situ hybridization. It is postulated that LELCS represents a primitive cutaneous appendage tumor. Based on the results of a prior publication and those of the current assessment, this neoplasm is thought to have the potential for both sweat glandular and follicular differentiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Mediastinal lymphoma.

Malignant lymphoma may involve the mediastinum as a component of disseminated disease or as a primary lesion. The most common types of primary mediastinal lymphomas (ML) are Hodgkin's disease (HD, usually of the nodular sclerosis type), large cell lymphoma (often associated with sclerosis), and lymphoblastic lymphoma (frequently seen in conjunction with acute lymphoblastic leukemia). The characteristic clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic features of these three neoplasms are reviewed. ML must be distinguished from Castleman's disease, an enigmatic lymphoid proliferation that frequently involves the mediastinum.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Presence of cell lineage-specific hypomethylated sites in the major breakpoint cluster region.

To examine the role of DNA methylation in breakpoint location of chromosomal translocation, HpaII sites in and flanking the M-bcr on chromosome 22 were mapped in DNA from blood granulocytes and lymphocytes, bone marrow cells, thymic tissue, and spermatozoa from normal individuals. Allelic HpaII sites were identified clustered in a 600-base pair genomic area of the M-bcr. Bone marrow cells and blood granulocyte DNA showed identical allelic patterns. Thymic tissue and blood lymphocytes showed identical allelic patterns distinct from bone marrow cells and blood granulocytes. Spermatozoa showed a third methylation pattern. In all individuals, the HpaII sites were present within the BamHI/BglII fragment of the M-bcr, the same area associated with high breakpoint frequency in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Three of 15 patients with chronic phase CML showed fully methylated rearranged BglII/BglII M-bcr restriction fragments not seen in normal bone marrow cells. These methylation patterns of the M-bcr may be important in CML breakpoint location and may be a marker for tissue differentiation.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1990

Fine-needle aspiration of lymph nodes in patients with acute infectious mononucleosis.

We studied lymph node fine-needle aspirations from 10 patients with primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections (infectious mononucleosis). There were five males and five females, aged 15-54 yr. The diagnoses were confirmed by blood morphology and heterophil antibody (HA) and EBV-specific serologic studies. Nine patients were HA-positive, nine were viral capsid antigen (VCA)-IgM-positive, and all 10 were VCA-IgG-positive and anti-EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA)-negative. Five patients were referred for fine-needle aspiration biopsies for clinically suspected malignant lymphoma (ML). Four of these patients had been tested for HA prior to fine-needle aspiration, with negative results in three cases. The heterophil-positive patient was referred for fine-needle aspiration due to very impressive unilateral cervical adenopathy. Cytologically, all cases showed atypia consisting of greater numbers of large immunoblastic lymphocytes than are usually seen in the reactive lymph node. Two cases were cytologically suspicious for malignant lymphoma but included a considerable background of polymorphic immunoblasts. We suggest that polymorphic immunoblastic proliferations in lymph node cytology are suggestive of infectious mononucleosis. Since several reactive and neoplastic processes mimic this pattern, cases not followed by both confirmatory serologic studies and resolution of adenopathy should be pursued by excisional lymph node biopsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for detection of cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus.

In situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were compared for detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) in routinely processed tissue. Fifty-four formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples infected with CMV (36 tissues) or HSV (18 tissues) from 30 autopsies were studied. All tissues had either positive viral cultures (38 of 54) or characteristic viral inclusions on hematoxylin and eosin examination (39 of 54). The tissues examined included lung (28), liver (nine), kidney (five), heart (three), adrenal (two), spleen (two), and thymus, pancreas, appendix, esophagus, and duodenum (one each). Studies by ISH were performed with two detection systems, using biotinylated probes to CMV and HSV (Enzo Biochem, New York, NY). Using ISH with an alkaline phosphatase detection system, infected cells were detected in 33 of 54 tissues (CMV: 23 of 36, HSV: 10 of 18). Using ISH with a peroxidase detection system, infected cells were identified in 30 of 54 tissues (CMV: 22 of 36, HSV: eight of 18). With IHC, antibodies to CMV and HSV stained the infected cells in 34 of 54 tissues (CMV: 24 of 36, HSV: 10 of 18). All infections detected with ISH were also detected with IHC. We conclude that these techniques for ISH and IHC are equally effective for detecting CMV and HSV in paraffin sections. The results of both techniques correlate better with viral inclusions than with culture results. The ISH stains are more difficult to prepare and in some cases are more difficult to interpret. Therefore, IHC may be preferable to ISH for detecting CMV and HSV in routine diagnostic work.

Cytomegalovirus↗
PubMed1990

Uterus-like mass of the small intestine. Heterotopia or monodermal teratoma?

A 12-year-old girl with multiple lower-intestinal and urogenital tract anomalies and a past history of sacrococcygeal teratoma had an intramural mass of the ileum discovered as an incidental finding at surgery. The predominant mass had the features of the uterine fundus and two smaller contiguous nodules resembled the fallopian tube. A normal uterus and ovaries were observed at surgery. Somewhat similar lesions have been reported in the past in the ovary, ileum, scrotum, and possibly the bladder. Neither the metaplastic nor malformational theories are entirely satisfactory, yet they can be stated for most examples of heterotopias or choristomas.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1990

Oligoclonal T cell receptor gene rearrangements in blood lymphocytes of patients with acute Epstein-Barr virus-induced infectious mononucleosis.

Gene rearrangement studies were performed on blood lymphocytes from eight patients with acute Epstein-Barr virus-induced infectious mononucleosis. The diagnosis in each case was based on characteristic clinical, hematologic, and serologic findings. The blood lymphocytes in each patient consisted predominantly of CD8+ T cells. EBV DNA was detected in seven patients by Southern blot analysis (EBV Bam HI W probe, Bam HI). A germline configuration was found for the immunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes (JH probe, Bam HI and Eco RI; C kappa probe, Bam HI; and C lambda probe, Eco RI). T cell receptor gene rearrangements were detected with J gamma and J beta 1 + 2 probes. Using a J gamma probe with two different restriction enzymes (Bgl II and Eco RI), the blood from each patient showed several bands corresponding to the polyclonal pattern previously described in the blood of normal individuals. Using J beta 1 + 2 probes with two different restriction enzymes (Bgl II and Bam HI), each case showed from 3 to about 12 extragermline bands of varying intensity and in different locations from case to case. In addition, each case showed relative deletion of the J beta 1 germline band. This oligoclonal pattern of T cell receptor gene rearrangements has not been previously reported in benign or malignant T cell populations.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

In situ hybridization in hematopathology.

In situ hybridization (ISH) is one of the molecular techniques that has applications in diagnostic hematopathology. This procedure allows the detection of DNA or RNA in intact cells from various preparations, including cytology specimens and routinely fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. ISH is therefore analogous to detecting proteins (antigens) in intact cells with immunohistochemistry. The purpose of this article is to review the basic concepts and principles of ISH and to briefly discuss the important technical details of this procedure. Examples of potential applications of ISH in hematopathology are then discussed, including detection of Epstein-Barr virus, Y chromosome, and oncogene activation.

Autoradiography↗