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Biomedical subjects

J G Smith

Publications and source records attributed to J G Smith.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cyclical neutropenia and T8 lymphocyte mediated stimulation of granulopoiesis.

A 33-year-old female with cyclical neutropenia and a reciprocally cycling T8 (suppressor/cytotoxic) lymphocytosis was investigated. T8 lymphocytes ranged between 1.4 and 5.6 X 10(9)/l and a significant proportion (50-75%) were preactivated (1a+). Fc gamma receptors were detected in only a minority (7-10%). Functional studies on the lymphocytes indicated that despite their phenotype, little natural killer and reduced suppressor activities were present. Anti-granulocyte antibodies were not detectable in the serum. Production of colony stimulating activity (CSA) was assessed in the patient and control subjects' lymphocytes. Using a methylcellulose marrow culture system, the CSA production by the patient's lymphocytes was markedly increased compared with the control. Monoclonal antibody cytotoxic experiments confirmed that the T8 lymphocytes were responsible. As peaks of circulating T8 lymphocytes were synchronous with granulopoietic activity in the marrow, the above findings may represent a homeostatic mechanism which is attempting to compensate for an underlying stem cell defect.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) report on control subjects in a study of occupationally exposed workers.

The range and distribution of Sister-Chromatid Exchange (SCE) scores in 479 control persons were determined. All SCE readings were performed in a single laboratory according to the same protocol and regularly checked by referee readers to assure consistency. A mean SCE per cell value of 9.9 and a 95th percentile of 13.4 were established for this study sample. The range of SCE scores across all non-exposed individuals tested was 5.0-17.5 SCE per cell. Differences in SCE scores were associated with reader, smoking, sex, and, to a small extent, age. Individual test results showed reasonable consistency across the entire control group, but, as with most clinical measurements, care should be taken to avoid placing too much emphasis on a single test result when communicating with an individual. This report on the largest control group studied to date provides necessary normative data for further SCE investigations in occupational settings.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau: treatment with etretinate and review of relapsing pustular eruptions of the hands and feet.

Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau is considered by many to be a variant of pustular psoriasis because of similar histologic features. Its clinical picture is unique and helps to distinguish acrodermatitis from pustular psoriasis. We present a patient with acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau resistant to conventional therapy. We describe the beneficial effect of etretinate in this patient.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1983

Unilateral dermatomal superficial telangiectasia. Nine new cases and a review of unilateral dermatomal superficial telangiectasia.

Unilateral dermatomal superficial telangiectasia (UDST) may be congenital or acquired. Acquired UDST may occur coincident with physiologic states of estrogen increase, including puberty and pregnancy in women and adrenarche in men. Acquired UDST may also occur in estrogenized pathologic states such as chronic hepatic disease in alcoholism. The occurrence during estrogenized states, the dermatomes of distribution, and the presence of anemic halos suggest kinship with arterial spiders. UDST and some cases of benign, generalized telangiectasia may be local and universal forms, respectively, of the same pathologic process in the cutaneous microvasculature. Further, this is compatible with both the concept that UDST results from a somatic mutation and the usual nonfamilial presentation of UDST.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A double-blind study of the effectiveness of a 3% erythromycin and 5% benzoyl peroxide combination in the treatment of acne vulgaris.

One hundred sixty-five subjects completed a 10-week, double-blind controlled study comparing the following: (1) a combination of 3% erythromycin and 5% benzoyl peroxide in a gel, (2) 5% benzoyl peroxide gel, (3) 3% erythromycin gel, and (4) the gel vehicle. The benzoyl peroxide gel and the erythromycin gel were superior to the control gel; however, the combination product was more effective than any of the others. This was true for both pustular and papular lesions, but the most dramatic effect was on combined inflammatory lesions, i.e., papules and pustules.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1983

Peptic ulceration with marked epithelial atypia following hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy. A lesion initially misinterpreted as carcinoma.

Peptic ulceration is a known complication of hepatic arterial chemotherapy for metastatic disease. We report a case of peptic ulceration associated with marked epithelial atypia initially interpreted as carcinoma, probably metastatic in nature. Subsequent partial gastric resection proved the lesion benign. Examination of other gastric biopsies from ulcerated and nonulcerated mucosa from similarly treated patients has revealed similar marked atypical changes. The etiology of the epithelial atypia and ulceration remains unanswered, but is probably related to locally enhanced chemotherapeutic cytotoxicity or ischemia. Care should be taken not to interpret the marked epithelial atypia as carcinoma in this clinical setting.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Circadian rhythms and differences in epidermal and in dermal cel proliferation in uninvolved and involved psoriatic skin in vivo.

Using in vivo DNA labeling procedures, the present study makes a detailed comparative analysis of circadian rhythms in labeling indexes (Is), in mitotic indexes (Im), and in Is/Im ratios in uninvolved and in involved psoriatic epidermis in vivo (12 patients, studied at 6-hr intervals over a 24-hr period). We also provide comparable data on the rates of epidermal DNA synthesis and on the proliferative activity of dermal infiltrate cells. There are no circadian-diurnal variations in epidermal or in dermal infiltrate cell proliferation in either inactive (uninvolved) or in active (involved) lesions of psoriatic skin. The rates of epidermal DNA synthesis were lower at 9 AM and 3 PM; higher at 9 PM and 3 AM in both uninvolved and involved epidermis. The following cell kinetic information was derived from 78 biopsy samples-from epidermal mitotic and labeled nuclei counts in approximately 100 mm unit lengths of epidermis per biopsy. DNA labeling indexes, 6.1 vs. 21.2%; mitotic indexes, 0.13 vs. 0.43%; and Is/Im ratios, 152/1 vs 70/1 in uninvolved vs. involved psoriatic epidermis in vivo. There was an overall 20% decrease in the rate of cycling epidermal cell DNA synthesis involved epidermis; and 5-fold increase in the overall proliferative activity of dermal infiltrate cells in involved psoriatic skin. These results are discussed in relation to the clinical use of circadian rhythms for the "chronotherapy" of proliferative diseases in man, in relation to cell cycle aspects of psoriasis and psoriatic epidermal responses to therapy, and in relation to cell proliferation in human epidermis in vivo.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Various parameters for grading acne vulgaris.

Two 12-week-long double-blind placebo-controlled studies of acne treatments were performed using three judges and a total of 331 male college students. Global severity grades and papule, pustule, and comedo counts were performed every two weeks. The data were evaluated using Pearson's coefficient of correlation, and results showed a high degree of correlation between global severity grades and lesion counts, as well as among judges. These data suggest that acne grading scales and papule counts are equally reproducible methods of grading inflammatory acne and that the comedo grading scale and comedo count are equally reproducible methods of grading comedonal acne.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1980

Dermatology.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dermatology↗
PubMed1980

Interferon: status in treatment of skin disease.

Interferons, glycoproteins originally investigated as antiviral agents, are now known to be active as anticancer agents, immune system modulators, and growth control regulators. For these reasons, interferons have definite and documented relevance to dermatologists. In regard to viral diseases, therapeutic trials in humans have shown promising results in herpes simplex infections, vaccinia, laryngeal papillomas, and condyloma acuminatum, as well as in rabies and hepatitis B. Pilot studies with interferon treatment of melanoma have been so promising that the American Cancer Society has selected this area to receive additional research support. Also, the antiproliferative effects of interferons have potential application to proliferative diseases such as psoriasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Topical erythromycin with zinc in acne. A double-blind controlled study.

This double-blind controlled study investigated the effectiveness of 4% topical erythromycin liquid with 1.2% zinc acetate and 4% topical erythromycin gel with 1.2% zinc octoate applied twice daily in comparison with 250 mg of oral tetracycline twice daily and placebo. One hundred forty-nine patients began and one hundred forty-one completed the study. Three judges recorded acne measurements of severity grade, papule counts, pustule counts, comedo grades, and comedo counts without mutual consultation on visits at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks. Analysis of the reduction in the acne severity grade and papule count showed that the erythromycin/zinc liquid and gel were statistically significantly better than placebo and as effective as the oral tetracycline. Analysis of comedo grades showed that at weeks 8 and 10 the 4% topical erythromycin/zinc liquid showed a reduction statistically better than placebo.

Acne Vulgaris↗