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Biomedical subjects

J G Sacks

Publications and source records attributed to J G Sacks.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Short posterior ciliary artery insufficiency with hyperthermia (Uhthoff's symptom).

Transient visual blurring with heart or exercise (Uhthoff's symptom) is associated with multiple sclerosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of its occurrence in cases of documented vascular disease. Two patients had insufficiency of the short posterior ciliary circulation. In one it was caused by a carotid occlusion and in the other by cranial (giant-cell, temporal) arteritis. The monocular blurring may have occurred during periods of relative arterial hypotension.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Suction ophthalmodynamometry in the diagnosis of carotid stenosis.

In a prospective evaluation of 39 patients who had arteriography for suspected carotid stenosis, suction ophthalmodynamometry correctly identified 86% of the patients who had radiographically demonstrable unilateral or asymmetric obstructions. This compares favorably with carotid compression tonography, oculoplethysmography, and Doppler flow studies. The false-positive rate was 27%, a figure higher than the latter two noninvasive tests.

Carotid Arteries↗
PubMed1979

Objective personality changes in residents of a therapeutic community.

The authors tested several groups of drug-abusing young adults who were residents of a drug-free therapeutic community. Three instruments were used: staff ratings, sociometric ratings by members of the community, and MMPI scores. All three measures showed objective evidence of decreasing psychopathology correlated with length of time in treatment, demonstrating the effectiveness of the therapeutic community in the rehabilitation of drug abusers. Individuals who left before completing treatment had MMPI scores indicating inability to develop social relationships; this elucidates a probable cause of the dropout phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The pathogenesis of optic nerve drusen. A hypothesis.

Myriads of tiny perivascular drusen were found at histologic examination of the eyes of a 19-year-old patient who had pseudopapilledema and who died of a ruptured intracranial aneurysm. The possibility that they arose from constituents leaking from abnormal blood vessels prompted a review of 53 fluorescein retinal angiograms of patients with optic nerve drusen. As compared to a control group, many of these angiograms revealed the following abnormalities: (1) an abnormal branching pattern on the disc; (2) the presence of relatively large blood vessels connecting the superficial and deep disc circulations; and (3) increased disc capillarity. We believe that the tendency to develop optic nerve drusen results, at least in part, from a congenitally abnormal disc vasculature that allows transudation of plasma proteins that in turn serve as a nidus for the deposition of extracellular materials.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Cyst of the intraorbital optic nerve sheaths.

A 43-year-old woman had a history of gradual unilateral visual acuity loss and proptosis. A 2.5-cm cystic dilatation of the intraorbital dura mater was removed. Microscopic examination revealed a vascular proliferation within the leptomeninges. We inadvertently injected the lesion during orbitography, providing us with an unusual radiographic appearance.

Cysts↗
PubMed1976

Eye disorders: Looking at the eye for clues to systemic disease.

There are many systemic diseases in which eye signs detectable without an ophthalmoscope may be present. Examples are congenital glaucoma in neurofibromatosis, corneal involvement in mycosis fungoides, chloroma in leukemia, and uveitis and glaucoma in herpes zoster.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Transient eyelid retraction in myasthenia gravis.

Three patients with myasthenia gravis had transient retraction of the upper eyelids which usually followed prolonged upgaze and which persisted for many seconds. This could result from post-tetanic facilitation, myotonia, or a transient contracture. Retraction of this type is to be distinguished from both the long-standing unilateral retraction associated with ptosis of the contralateral eyelid and the fleeting lid twitch sign.

Eyelids↗
PubMed1975

Bitemporal visual field defects in presumed multiple sclerosis.

Three patients with presumed multiple sclerosis had bitemporal hemianopia mimicking that caused by parasellar tumors; the visual loss was probably due to a plaque within the chiasm. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis was made on the basis of a history of relapse and remission, signs and symptoms indicating involvement of different levels of the central nervous system, and normal neuroradiological studies. Extensive neuroradiological studies may be delayed or omitted in patients with established multiple sclerosis and nonprogressive bitemporal visual field defects if central visual acuity is not greatly reduced.

Adolescent↗