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Biomedical subjects

J G Howie

Publications and source records attributed to J G Howie.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Prevention of adverse drug interactions.

1 The awareness and recognition of adverse interactions between drugs by prescribers is low. 2 A 6-month prospective study on patients on long-term outpatient anticoagulant therapy in the Grampian area has been carried out to evaluate a simple and cheap warning system. 3 The practitioners of patients in the test group were issued with warning labels which showed drugs known to interact. A reduction in the initiation of prescriptions for potentially interacting drugs was shown between the test and control groups (no warning labels). 4 The 140 practitioners who completed the study found the system to be convenient and useful. Extension to other high-risk drugs with the potential to interact with other drugs is planned. This system has the advantage of being drug and patient-orientated whereas lists of drug interactions or drug discs require more conscious effort by the prescriber.

Barbiturates↗
PubMed1976

Clinical judgement and antibiotic use in general practice.

Illustrated booklets that contained standard physical but variable social and psychological information relating to 16 patients with sore throats were posted to 1000 general practitioners. The doctors were asked whether they would prescribed antibiotics in each of the cases presented. Replies were received from 634 doctors and it was found that the variations in social and psychological history provided had significantly affected the doctor's responses.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1976

Measuring learning by trainees in general practice.

Twenty simulated consultations with patients having a respiratory illness were carried out by 20 trainees at the start and finish of a training year in general practice, using the same method as used in a previous study of principals in general practice.During the course of the year, the trainees as a group closely approached the behaviour-in the defined terms of the study-of principals as a group. The trend was more marked for doctors on a three-year training programme than for those on a one-year programme.In 11 cases direct comparison between trainee and trainer was possible. It was difficult to identify changes in behaviour as being due to either group influences or individual trainer influences, but it appeared that atypical trainers do not necessarily produce atypical trainees and typical trainers do not prevent the development of individuality in trainees.The technique of simulated consultation may assist the difficult task of evaluating training for general practice.

Educational Measurement↗
PubMed1975

Use of bacteriological investigations by general practitioners.

The numbers of vaginal swabs, faecal specimens, throat swabs, and urine specimens submitted by 104 city general practitioners to the bacteriology laboratory at Aberdeen differed widely. The doctors who made most use of the laboratory service rarely did so equally for all four investigations but usually for only one or two. Similarly, those who used the service least often made frequent use of one particular investigation. Further studies are needed to identify and evaluate the reasons for the apparently substantial disagreement among general practitioners concerning the value of these diffferent bacteriological investigations in general practice.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1974

Further observations on diagnosis and management of general practice respiratory illness using simulated patient consultations.

Twenty general practitioners co-operated in a study of the decision-making process in general practice respiratory illness. Ten simulated standard-patient consultations were used, each being included twice, once to make a decision on diagnosis and once to make a decision on management.Comparison of simulated behaviour with previous studies of observed and self-recorded behaviour showed encouraging agreement. Examination of 200 pairs of management and treatment decisions showed that fewer pieces of information were required for a management than a diagnostic decision on 111 occasions; in 43 pairs the quantity required was the same for each decision. The exact information required to make a decision on diagnosis was included in the information required to decide management on only 30 (15%) of the 200 possible occasions.When disagreement was found over management of a simulated case a decision to prescribe an antibiotic required less information than a decision not to prescribe an antibiotic.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1974

Awareness and experience of general practitioners of selected drug interactions.

The awareness of general practitioners of selected adverse drug interactions has been assessed. The drugs studied included adrenergic neurone blockers, warfarin, antidiabetic agents, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. The findings must be interpreted with caution but they suggest that there is a clear need to improve the effectiveness of communication of information about adverse drug interactions if unnecessary iatrogenic disease is to be avoided.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1971

Intestinal spirochaetosis.

An abnormal condition of the large intestine is described in which the surface epithelium is infested by short spirochaetes. Diagnosis can be made by light microscopy. A review of 14 cases diagnosed by rectal biopsy and 62 cases involving the appendix shows no consistent symptom complex. The possible significance is discussed.

Adult↗