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Biomedical subjects

J G Gray

Publications and source records attributed to J G Gray.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Isolation and identification of a turkey respiratory adenovirus.

A virus with physical and biological characteristics of an adenovirus was isolated from turkey poults with respiratory disease. The virus was ether-resistant and incorporated [3H] thymidine. Electron microscopy revealed virions of icosahedral configuration, approximately 78 nm in diameter, within the nuclei of infected cells. The virus produced cytopathology in turkey kidney cells, but did not produce observable disease when inoculated into commercial turkey poults or specific-pathogen-free embryonated chicken eggs. Virus-neutralization tests indicated widespread exposure to the virus in North Carolina turkey populations.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A technique for isolating turkey respiratory adenoviruses.

Several turkey respiratory adenoviruses were isolated in turkey embryonic liver cells from nasal turbinate filtrate collected from clinically ill turkey poults during postmortem examination. Suspect adenovirus inoculum had to remain in cell culture for 5 to 7 days, and 9 blind passages were required before a sample was declared negative. Once isolated, the turkey adenoviruses adapted rapidly to turkey kidney cells.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transmission of acute respiratory disease (rhinotracheitis) of turkeys.

Clinical signs of acute respiratory disease of turkeys were transmitted to susceptible day-old poults by direct contact, litter contact, and drinking water. Attempts failed to transmit the disease by air (cage-to-cage) or by oral and nasal inoculation with feces, nasal exudates, or nasal turbinate extracts. The disease was not transmitted by inoculation with white blood cells. Chicks were not affected by the disease, but young quail developed signs of respiratory disease when exposed to contaminated drinking water. Thus, acute respiratory disease in turkeys appears to be of an infectious nature, and the infectious agent(s) probably exist in the heavily contaminated environment used to house young commercial turkey poults.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isolation of an etiologic agent of acute respiratory disease (rhinotracheitis) of turkey poults.

A small gram-negative motile bacillus was isolated from laboratory poults affected by acute respiratory disease (rhinotracheitis) of turkeys. The bacterium was inoculated intranasally into susceptible day-old poults; the poults developed typical clinical signs of acute respiratory disease, and the bacterium was reisolated. This same bacterium was isolated from commercial poults with typical signs of acute respiratory disease but not from poults of similar age which were clinically normal. The bacterium has not been identified taxonomically. We conclude that it is a primary etiologic agent for acute respiratory disease of turkey poults.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evidence for adherence-dependent cytotoxicity of Alcaligenes faecalis in turkey tracheal organ cultures.

A virulent isolate of Alcaligenes faecalis was examined in turkey tracheal organ cultures (TTOC) for adherence using immunofluorescent staining and for cytotoxicity using light microscopic observation. Treatment of the bacterial culture with trypsin, antiserum specific for A. faecalis, and N-acetylneuraminic acid inhibited the ability of the organism to adhere to TTOC. Treatment of the bacterium with D-galactose partly decreased adherence of the bacterium. Those treatments that inhibited the adherence of A. faecalis also inhibited the cytolytic activity in TTOC. Treatment of the bacterial culture with D-galactose only partly decreased the cytolytic activity. These data indicate that adherence of the organism to TTOC is necessary for the cytolytic activity characteristic of A. faecalis isolates capable of causing alcaligenes rhinotracheitis in turkeys.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro cytotoxicity of an Alcaligenes faecalis and its relationship in in vivo tracheal pathologic changes in turkeys.

Two isolates of Alcaligenes faecalis from turkeys with respiratory disease were indistinguishable physically, biochemically, and for specific agglutinating antibodies. The isolates differed in in vitro cytotoxicity for turkey tracheal organ cultures and in ability to induce clinical rhinotracheitis in poults. The isolate designated NCDp induced in vitro cytotoxic changes in turkey tracheal organ cultures. Additionally, poults inoculated with NCDp developed severe clinical signs of rhinotracheitis, flaccid (collapsing) trachea, bacterial colonization of the cilia, and degeneration and loss of the columnar epithelium from the anterior one third to one half of the trachea. The isolate designated NCDm induced little or no cytotoxic changes in turkey tracheal organ culture. Isolate NCDm caused mild clinical signs of rhinotracheitis and colonized the trachea of inoculated poults, but it caused no other observable changes. A correlation seems to exist between in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo pathogenicity for these isolates of A. faecalis.

Alcaligenes↗