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Biomedical subjects

J G Fox

Publications and source records attributed to J G Fox.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Seborrheic dermatitis in a rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).

Seborrheic dermatitis was diagnosed in an adult, rhesus monkey presenting with erythematous, exfoliative and focally exudative skin lesions distributed over the perioral, perirhinal and brow regions of the face. Similar areas of involved skin also were observed on the extremities. Lesions appeared to be exacerbated during increased experimental utilization. Histopathologic changes in skin biopsy specimens of affected skin included acanthosis, parakeratosis, spongiotic edema, vascular ectasia, and mild lymphohistiocytic infiltrates.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The pathogenicity of Salmonella mbandaka in specific pathogen free rabbits.

Salmonella mbandaka was isolated from the lungs of three rabbits that developed a peracute disease and died three to eight weeks following extensive experimental manipulation. To examine the pathogenicity of this rare serotype, clinically normal, S. mbandaka-carrier rabbits were subjected to either corticosteroid immunosuppression alone or corticosteroid immunosuppression with a minor surgical procedure. Acute or peracute salmonellosis developed in one of two rabbits immunosuppressed only, and in three of four rabbits immunosuppressed and surgically manipulated. Stressful experimental procedures may precipitate episodes of clinical salmonellosis in rabbits harboring this organism. Salmonella mbandaka, should be considered a zoonotic agent in the laboratory environment.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Experimental Salmonella-associated conjunctivitis in cats.

Cats were infected experimentally with Salmonella typhimurium via the conjunctiva. Clinical signs consisted of lacrimation, conjunctivitis, blepharospasm, prominent nictitating membrane and scleral injection. These signs were accompanied by an absolute neutrophilia and conjunctival smears indicative of moderate to severe suppurative inflammation. Ocular signs disappeared by day 6 postinfection. Salmonella typhimurium was cultured intermittently from the inoculated conjunctivae and rectal swabs through day 7. At necropsy, mesenteric and cervical lymph nodes were enlarged. Histopathological findings included chronic conjunctivitis and lymphoid hyperplasia in cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes. This study confirms that S. typhimurium can cause a primary conjunctivitis and that the ocular route of infection can lead to fecal excretion of Salmonella, in the absence of other clinical manifestations.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Familial reflex myoclonus in Labrador Retrievers.

Three 6-week-old male purebred yellow Labrador Retrievers were presented with intermittent stimulus-sensitive contractions of the appendicular and axial muscles. Five littermates were normal, although the grandsire of the affected litter had sired 2 previous litters containing similarly affected pup. Although alert and responsive, the affected dogs appeared decerebrate with extensor rigidity and opisthotonus during handling. During severe episodes, respiratory distress was observed. Generalized contractions were initiated by voluntary movements, but at rest the muscles relaxed. Neurologic deficits were not detected, although efforts to elicit segmental reflexes, assess muscle tone, or assist walking resulted in generalized stiffness. Electromyograms from the semitendinous muscles (musculi semitendinosus) had increased motor unit amplitude (up to 5,000 microV) with polyphasic action potentials. There were no myotonic discharges. A reduced interference pattern was seen. A single tactile stimuli of the distal limb resulted in 3 responses, each lasting less than or equal to 10 ms at latencies of 0 to 12 ms, 20 to 30 ms, and 35 to 40 ms, characteristic for reflex myoclonus. The motor nerve conduction velocities were normal for age (32 to 35 ms). Age-matched control dogs had motor unit action potentials of 100 to 200 microV and single compound motor unit discharges to single tactile stimuli. Therapeutic trials with diazepam and clonazepam produced minimal effects on the muscle contractions. Values of urinalyses, complete blood cell counts, and serum chemistries were within normal limits. Frozen muscle section biopsy findings, including enzyme histochemical assessment of muscle fiber types, were normal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to Corynebacterium kutscheri in experimentally infected rats.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) which detects rat antibody to Corynebacterium kutscheri was developed and compared with a tube agglutination assay in two infectivity studies. In four groups of rats inoculated intratracheally with 100-fold dilutions of Corynebacterium kutscheri , mortality, lesions, and recovery of Corynebacterium kutscheri were confined to the two highest dose groups. Five of 17 (29%) test rats seroconverted within 14 to 21 days post-inoculation as assayed by ELISA; four of these five (80%) seroconverted within 42 to 98 days post-inoculation as assayed by tube agglutination. ELISA titers were one to 16 times greater than tube agglutination titers. In 15 rats challenged intranasally with 6.9 X 10(6) Corynebacterium kutscheri , clinical signs were observed in one of 15 (6.7%), and bacteriologic and histopathologic evaluations detected exposure to Corynebacterium kutscheri in three of 14 (21.4%) and one of 14 (7.1%) of the rats, respectively. Fourteen days post-inoculation, seroconversion was observed in 14 of 15 (93.3%) by ELISA, as compared to six of 15 (40%) by tube agglutination (p less than 0.001). The ELISA was more sensitive than tube agglutination through 21 days post-inoculation, while sera assayed 33 to 53 days post-inoculation had comparable titers in both assays. Specificity studies using four other Corynebacterium sp indicated that the Corynebacterium kutscheri ELISA cross reacted with two of four (50%) sets of corynebacterial antisera (Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium equi) prepared in rats, whereas no cross reactivity was observed by tube agglutination.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1984

Effects of long-term lithium administration on renal structure and function in rats. A distinctive tubular lesion.

Because lithium salts are widely used for long-term therapy of affective disorders and have been recently implicated as a cause of tubulointerstitial renal disease, we have undertaken experiments designed to establish the site of the early and late pathologic lesions and to determine their correlation with the lithium-induced concentrating defect. Male Wistar rats given a semisynthetic diet that contained lithium carbonate, 90 mEq/kg dry weight, developed serum lithium levels in the human therapeutic range; pair-fed controls received sodium carbonate. Within 3 weeks, treated rats developed marked polyuria, with elevation of free water clearance and vasopressin-resistant diabetes insipidus. Early morphologic changes were confined to the cortical collecting tubules and, possibly, contiguous portions of distal tubules. The tubules were dilated and irregularly lined with cells that had bulging or thinned basophilic cytoplasm, enlarged nuclei, sometimes basal vacuolization, and a few mitoses. These changes were evident at 3 weeks and progressed through the end of the observation period at 18 weeks. The proliferative component of the lesion was demonstrated by the finding of a significant and specific increase in 3H-thymidine uptake by nuclei of collecting/distal tubules of lithium-treated rats. The lesion, but not the increased thymidine uptake, extended into the medullary collecting ducts at 9 and 18 weeks. Although occasional intratubular mononuclear cells were seen at 9 and 18 weeks, no interstitial inflammation or fibrosis was seen. These tubular epithelial lesions were not seen in the kidneys of Brattleboro rats or glucose-treated Wistar rats despite comparable polyuria. We suggest that this early, persistent, and reproducible lesion, characterized by reactive and proliferating tubular cells in the cortical collecting tubules, predisposes the kidney to injury from otherwise mild or insignificant insults and may explain the sporadic occurrence of serious tubulointerstitial disease in patients on long-term lithium therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Campylobacter jejuni associated diarrhea in commercially reared beagles.

Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from nine of ten (90%) juvenile beagles with diarrhea, compared with an isolation rate of five of eight (63%) from beagles which remained asymptomatic during the 2 month study. In four dogs, the diarrhea was recurrent and characterized by watery, mucoid, bile-streaked feces with occasional blood. Elevated temperature and leukocytosis were noted in three of these dogs. Two dogs with diarrhea also had Giardia canis trophozoites.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Retro-orbital technique for blood collection from the ferret (Mustela putorius furo).

Blood samples were obtained from anesthetized ferrets of various ages, by venipuncture of the retro-orbital plexus with a heparinized capillary pipette. It is recommended that a cumulative collection of 20% of total blood volume not be exceeded for any two week period. This technique, when carefully performed on alternate orbits and at a frequency dictated by body weight and volume of blood needed, has been used repeatedly for months without apparent harm or distress to the animal.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1984

Antibiotic sensitivity patterns of Campylobacter jejuni/coli isolated from laboratory animals and pets.

Fifty-four strains of Campylobacter jejuni/coli isolated from a variety of species of laboratory animals as well as pet dogs were tested by an agar dilution technique for susceptibility to each of 12 antimicrobial agents. Gentamicin and furazolidone were the most active of the drugs examined. The strains tested frequently were sensitive to two other aminoglycoside antibiotics, neomycin and kanamycin. Erythromycin also was effective at levels achievable in serum except in three strains which were resistant. Doxycycline and chloramphenicol were active against most strains, with 51 (96%) being susceptible to 8 micrograms/ml. The minimal inhibitory concentrations were high for penicillin, ampicillin, tetracycline, metronidazole, and sulfadimethoxine.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Mastitis caused by hemolytic Escherichia coli in the ferret.

Hemolytic Escherichia coli was isolated from the mammary glands of 8 ferrets with gangrenous mastitis. Clinical signs included firm swelling of one or more mammary glands and discoloration of the overlying skin. Peracute disease and acute septicemia were observed, and in some cases the animals rapidly became moribund. Antibiotic therapy alone did not alter the course of the disease. Wide surgical resection of the involved glands in combination with systemic antibiotic therapy (ampicillin 10 mg/kg, BID, and gentamicin 5 mg/kg, SID) was the most successful treatment. Histopathologic changes included extensive edema, hemorrhage, and necrosis, with a mixed leukocytic infiltrate and large numbers of bacteria. The agent of this disease was isolated from rectal swab specimens from clinically normal ferrets as well as ferrets that had mastitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of murine cytomegalovirus antibody detection by serological techniques.

Naturally acquired murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection in laboratory strains of mice induces antibody levels which are generally undetectable by standard techniques; therefore, MCMV has not been included routinely in mouse viral antibody screening programs. The relative sensitivity of three assay systems, the nuclear anticomplement immunofluorescence (NACIF), the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the complement fixation (CF) test, was evaluated for the detection of MCMV antibodies. Sera were harvested from CD1 male mice (33 days old) infected intraperitoneally with salivary gland-passaged MCMV (Smith strain). The sera were assayed separately at weeks 1 through 8, and at week 11, 16, and 25 post-inoculation; a total of 167 mice in 11 groups were tested. The animals tested at 1 week post-inoculation had low levels of antibodies to MCMV as measured by the NACIF test (1:10), whereas only 25% were positive by ELISA, and none was positive by CF until 5 weeks post-inoculation. A higher titer of MCMV antibodies was measured by CF (1:640) than by NACIF (1:40) at 6 months post-inoculation; yet, a titer of 1:3,200 was detected by ELISA from the same serum. The ELISA technique was more sensitive for detecting persistent infection with MCMV, and NACIF was more useful for detecting acute MCMV infection. Since MCMV can have significant long-term effects on the immune system, it is recommended that testing for antibodies to MCMV be included in mouse viral antibody screening protocols.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Ergonomics action: a direct response to the health and safety needs of the E.C.S.C. miner.

The head of the "Ergonomics" department of the ECSC noted that it is also the silver jubilee of ergonomics in the ECSC programmes. He then goes on to why action rather than research has been stressed since 1975: action corresponds more directly to the needs of the industry. Ergonomics teams were established in the four Community coal industries: they identify and co-ordinate work in the Community programmes which aim at: --centering the investigation on the miner at work, --developing the implementation of the results of the research, --capitalizing on the unique consensus which exists between the social partners with regard to health and safety.

Accidents, Occupational↗