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Biomedical subjects

J G Dryfoos

Publications and source records attributed to J G Dryfoos.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Bound and gagged: America's family planning network.

During the past decade, the number of family planning clinics receiving support from the federal government has fallen from 5,000 to 4,000 despite a growing demand for their services among poor women and teenagers. At the same time, family planning providers have been under regulatory attack, forced to fend off a "squeal rule" aimed at teenagers and to stop a "gag rule" preventing abortion referral. With the climate in Washington unlikely to change, family planners should consider integrating other services into their network or press to include family planning in other care networks. A new national commission could help break the logjam on federal legislation.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abortion need and services in the United States, 1974-1975.

More than one million legal abortions were performed in the United States last year--but one-half to three-quarters of a million women in need of abortion services were still unable to obtain them. Ninety percent of all abortions are now performed in the woman's home state, but services are still highly concentrated within states--typically in one or two metropolitan centers where most services are provided by nonhospital clinics. Only one-fourth of hospitals-and fewer than one-fifth of public hospitals-provide any abortion services. Many poor, rural and teenage women who can least afford to travel to obtain legal abortions will continue to be denied access to the services they want and need.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Family planning clinics--a story of growth and conflict.

During the 1960s, as demand for effective contraceptives increased and women expressed a desire for smaller families, an "odd lot" of groups came together to press for federally supported family planning services for low-income women. The drive culminated in 1970 with the passage of Title X of the Public Health Service Act, which authorized the funds that fed a network of family planning clinics. At the height of the national family planning program, approximately 2,500 agencies were operating clinics at more than 5,000 sites, providing services annually to almost five million patients. As part of the screening for medical methods of birth control, family planning clinics have provided basic physical examinations and related tests to millions of low-income women and teenagers who might not otherwise have had access to those services. Clinics have also been heavily utilized for pregnancy tests, screening for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), infertility screening and referral for abortion, adoption and sterilization services. Other desired achievements have been more elusive and difficult to document--reductions in the number of high-risk and unintended pregnancies and in poverty rates, for example. The program's role in providing contraceptive services to teenagers and its involvement in the abortion controversy have led to a number of political, legislative and judicial skirmishes with conservatives, Congress and the Reagan administration. Funding for Title X declined during the 1980s and is now surpassed by Medicaid as the largest source of family planning dollars. Diminishing funds at a time when some expenses--for supplies, malpractice insurance and treatment of STDs, for example--are increasing have resulted in fewer clinic sites and other service cutbacks. The suggestion has been made that it is time to eliminate categorical funds for family planning and integrate all services into the general medical care system. Family planning providers say an integrated arrangement would not meet the needs of much of their patient population and would not provide the special attention they feel is needed for successful contraceptive practice among low-income, high-risk women. Instead, they suggest expanding the scope of services in family planning clinics, out of an awareness that the continuing high prevalence of unintended childbearing, among the young and disadvantaged in particular, is part of a larger problem of living in a desolate social environment.

Black or African American↗
PubMedDate not supplied

School-based health clinics: three years of experience.

In the last three years, comprehensive school-based clinics have proliferated throughout the United States: There are currently 138 clinics in 30 states and the District of Columbia, and at least 65 more are in the planning stage. Clinic programs differ widely in their organizational structure, operating costs, range of services and funding sources. Although some clinics are funded by private foundations, increasingly, programs are being initiated by local public health departments supported by state funds. Only 10-25 percent of all clinic visits are for family planning services. While all of the clinics provide counseling on family planning, most of the state-funded clinics either prohibit the use of funds for contraceptive supplies and abortion referral or allow grantees to decide what to do about the issue of pregnancy prevention. To date, no study has found that rates of sexual activity increase among students who participate in clinic programs. There is some evidence indicating that participation in school-based clinics may have a positive impact on contraceptive practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The hundred million dollar misunderstanding.

An Alan Guttmacher Institute survey finds that a total of $215 million was spent on family planning clinic programs in 1976--$155 million from DHEW. DHEW estimates that it spent about $249 million. But the DHEW estimate includes funds for sterilizations, abortions, social work, information and private physician services.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The National Reporting System for Family Planning Services--a new look.

The National Reporting System for Family Planning Services may be dismantled or further weakened, making the program less visible and less accountable. A strengthened, full-count system is needed, making efficient use of the 42 intermediate data systems that are now in place.

Contraceptive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fertility control services for adolescents: access and utilization.

More than one million teenagers get pregnant each year; six in 10 pregnancies end in live births--the rest in induced or spontaneous abortions. More than one-third of the births are out of wedlock. Yet, two-thirds of teenage pregnancies and half of the births are not intended. Some two million teenagers at risk of unintended pregnancy are now using effective birth control methods; but two millions are still denied them.

Abortion, Induced↗