1. The specific compound from Pneumococcus type 34 was isolated from capsular material by ion-exchange chromatography. This separated it from a substance with chemical and serological properties corresponding to those reported for C-substance. 2. The configuration of the two galactofuranosyl linkages in the repeating unit of S.34 was determined and the configurations previously assigned to the other glycosidic linkages were confirmed. 3. The dephosphorylated deacetylated repeating unit is thus O-beta-d-galactofuranosyl-(1-->3)-O-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-d-galactofuranosyl-(1-->3)-O-alpha-d-galactopyranosyl- (1-->2)-ribitol.

Chromatography, Ion Exchange↗

PubMed1966

The type-specific substance from Pneumococcus type 10A(34). Structure of the dephosphorylated repeating unit.

1. A hexasaccharide unit was isolated from the specific substance S. 10A from Pneumococcus type 10A (34) by hydrolysis with alkali followed by enzymic dephosphorylation. 2. The hexasaccharide was shown to be O-d-galactofuranosyl-(1-->3)-O-d- galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-O-[d-galactofuranosyl- (1-->6)]-O-2-acet-amido-2-deoxy-d-galactopyranosyl- (1-->3)-O-d-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)-ribitol.

Chemical Phenomena↗

PubMed1966

The type-specific substance from Pneumococcus type 10A(34). The phosphodiester linkages.

1. The phosphate groups in the type-specific substance S. 10A from Pneumococcus type 10A (34) were shown to join the hydroxyl group at position 1 or 5 of ribitol and the hydroxyl group at position 5 or 6 of a d-galactofuranosyl residue in the next repeating unit. 2. A partial formula of the type-specific substance was derived.

Chemical Phenomena↗

PubMed1963

The specific substance from Pneumococcus type 34 (41). The structure of a phosphorus-free repeating unit.

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Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical governance and external audit.

This paper describes a model of clinical governance that was developed at South Auckland Health during the period 1995 to 2000. Clinical quality and safety are core objectives. A multidisciplinary Clinical Board is responsible for the development and publicising of sound clinical policies together with monitoring the effects of their implementation on quality and safety. The Clinical Board has several committees, including an organization-wide Continuous Quality Improvement Committee to enhance the explicit nature of the quality system in terms of structure, staff awareness and involvement, and to develop the internal audit system. The second stream stems from the Chief Medical Officer and clinical directors in a clinical management sense. The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors covers both clinical and financial audit. The reporting lines back to that committee are described and the role of the external auditor of clinical standards is explained. The aim has been to create a supportive culture where quality initiatives and innovation can flourish, and where the emphasis is not on censure but improvement.

Academic Medical Centers↗