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Biomedical subjects

J Fujiwara

Publications and source records attributed to J Fujiwara.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

A case of multiple arteriovenous malformations and diffuse venous abnormalities with facial port-wine stain.

A case of left facial port-wine stain with right hemiparesis is reported. Radiologically, two arteriovenous malformations (AVM) and diffuse venous abnormalities were observed in the left hemisphere. AVM were seen in the basal ganglia. One was fed by a perforating artery from the MCA and drained into the superior petrosal sinus, and the other was fed by a perforating artery from the basilar artery and drained through the vein of Rosenthal into an extremely dilated vein of Galen. Venous abnormalities were obstruction and a decrease in the superficial cortical veins, as well as the formation of collateral veins in both the cortex and white matter. This case resembles Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS), but there were no signs of leptomeningeal angiomatosis or venous angioma. We have been unable to find any case reports on SWS with AVM or AVM with diffuse venous abnormalities. We discuss the differences between our case and SWS.

Basal Ganglia↗
PubMed1988

Establishment of composite DNA derived from L factor as a plasmid in mouse embryonal carcinoma (F9) cells.

We have recently reported a mammalian cell plasmid (L factor) whose structure is related to that of polyomavirus (T. Kusano, H. Uehara, H. Saito, K. Segawa, and M. Oishi, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:1789-1793, 1987). When composite DNA constructed from L factor and a foreign gene was introduced into mouse embryonal carcinoma (F9) cells by transfection, the DNA was reestablished in the cells as a plasmid. The reestablished plasmid DNA in F9 cells could be rescued in Escherichia coli. The plasmid-bearing cells underwent normal in vitro differentiation in response to retinoic acid. The efficiency of plasmid establishment of the L-factor-derived DNA and transcriptional and transient replicational activities were compared with those of similar composite DNA constructed from polyomavirus and an embryonal carcinoma mutant of polyomavirus which is permissive in F9 cells. The results suggest an inverse relationship between the efficiency of the plasmid establishment and the activity of gene expression controlled by the intrinsic enhancer-promoter of the DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Cytokinetic effects of carboplatin and cisplatin on a human ovarian cancer cell line].

The cytokinetic effects of carboplatin(CBDCA) on a human ovarian cancer cell line(KF-1) were examined by means of cell survival rate and flow cytometry in comparison with cisplatin(CDDP). CBDCA and CDDP exhibited dose dependent cytotoxicity on KF-1, and CBDCA showed compatible cell growth inhibition to that of 15 times concentration of CDDP in comparison with IC50 of 72 hrs after drug addition. From the analysis of cell cycle, CBDCA and CDDP inhibited cell cycle progression at G2 + M phase. CBDCA exhibited G2 + M phase block to that of 15 to 20 times the concentration of CDDP. We suggested that CBDCA had potential therapeutic activity against ovarian cancer, but should be evaluated carefully in the clinical use.

Carboplatin↗
PubMed1988

[Drug resistant mechanisms of platinum derivatives in a human cisplatin resistant ovarian cancer cell line].

We investigated cisplatin resistant mechanisms in a cisplatin resistant ovarian cancer cell line (KFr) by means of flow cytometric analysis for damage of cisplatin to DNA base and DNA synthetic cells. Cisplatin showed cycle delay at 0.5 microgram/ml and then cycle arrest at 1 microgram/ml in G2 + M phase. KFr cells showed relatively rapid inhibition of DNA synthesis based with G-C base damage by cisplatin however, KFr cells had a capacity to repair DNA damage by cisplatin as showing cycle progression from G2 + M phase to G1-early S phase. Of the cisplatin derivatives tested which are of current clinical interest, Carboplatin and DWA 2114 R showed cross resistance to cisplatin in KFr cells.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1985

Influence of acute renal failure on pharmacokinetics of phenolsulfonphthalein in rats: a comparative study in vivo and in the simultaneous perfusion system of liver and kidney.

The effect of acute renal failure (ARF) on the disposition of phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) after intravenous administration was investigated in rats. ARF was induced by the subcutaneous injection of uranyl nitrate to rats. Renal excretion of PSP decreased significantly in ARF compared to that in normal controls. On the other hand, rats with ARF showed an increased biliary excretion of PSP to compensate for reduced renal excretion of the drug. Consequently no significant change was found in total body clearance of PSP between control and ARF. The in vitro binding experiment showed that the binding fraction of PSP to ARF plasma was significantly lower than that to control plasma. In order to clarify the regulatory mechanisms of PSP excretion between liver and kidney in ARF, we developed a simultaneous perfusion system of rat liver and kidney, which could control the flow rate and the constituent of the perfusate. In this perfusion system, neither biliary excretion nor the protein binding of PSP differed significantly between control and ARF, though its renal excretion decreased in ARF in a similar manner as in vivo. These results suggest that alterations in plasma protein binding as well as renal excretory function are determinants of PSP disposition in ARF.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1985

Justification and implementation of an oncology pharmacist practitioner in an HMO setting.

The role of an oncology pharmacist practitioner in an outpatient clinic is described. The clinic provides cancer treatment and follow-up to approximately 60 to 80 patients per day. The hospital pharmacy department, the director of the medical oncology service, and the oncology nurse specialist presented a proposal to the clinic administration for the employment of a full-time pharmacist. Previously, the clinic nursing staff prepared all chemotherapeutic agents. The oncology pharmacist now prepares between 35 to 75 chemotherapy drug doses per day. As a result, nurses are able to devote more time to direct patient care. Through the application of inventory management, clinic drug costs have been reduced. In addition, patients undergoing chemotherapy no longer have to wait for their prescriptions since the oncology pharmacist calls them to the outpatient pharmacy. A valuable service has been introduced tht not only benefits the clinic personnel, but also assures that the patients receive the highest standards of care.

California↗
PubMed1985

Effect of altered plasma protein binding on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propranolol in rats after surgery: role of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein.

The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propranolol in rats 2 days after laparotomy were compared to control animals. The apparent volumes of distribution and the systemic clearance of propranolol were decreased to about 20 to 40 and 70% of control values, respectively. The area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) of propranolol after p.o. administration showed a marked elevation after surgery and its availability increased about 2-fold at doses of 5.0 and 12.5 mg/kg. These changes were associated with a decreased plasma unbound fraction of propranolol after surgery. Immunological determination of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) revealed a marked increase after laparotomy and a linear relationship was found between the plasma AGP concentration and the binding capacity of high-affinity binding site for propranolol in plasma (r = 0.961, P less than .001). AUC of p.o. administered propranolol was also correlated with plasma AGP concentration. The beta-blocking activity of propranolol assessed by the reduction in the isoproterenol-induced tachycardia was decreased in rats after laparotomy when it was evaluated in terms of the total plasma concentration of propranolol. In contrast, its activity evaluated by the unbound plasma concentration showed no difference between control and laparotomized rats, suggesting the dependence of the pharmacological activity of propranolol on its unbound level in plasma. Thus, laparotomy-induced changes in both pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics could be considered largely due to an increase in its binding to the increased plasma level of AGP.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Increased availability of propranolol in rats with uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure.

The effect of acute renal failure (ARF) on the pharmacokinetics of propranolol was investigated. The model of ARF was produced by the subcutaneous injection of uranyl nitrate to rats (10 mg/kg) and was used 3 d after treatment. Uranyl nitrate-treated rats showed significantly higher plasma concentrations of propranolol after oral administration and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve increased about 3-fold compared to control rats. The plasma disappearance of propranolol after intravenous administration did not differ significantly between control and ARF. The mean availability of propranolol after oral administration increased from 0.120 in control to 0.215 in ARF (p less than 0.005). Absorption of propranolol was almost complete and no significant difference was found between two groups. No changes in plasma protein binding of propranolol and hepatic blood flow were observed in ARF. On the other hand, hepatic clearance of propranolol determined by liver perfusion studies showed a significant reduction in ARF and the calculated intrinsic clearance of unbound propranolol at a dose of 6.25 mg was 26.8 +/- 2.3 ml/min in control and 16.0 +/- 2.3 ml/min in ARF (p less than 0.01). These results demonstrate that the oral availability of propranolol increased in ARF due to a reduction in the hepatic presystemic elimination as compared to healthy control rats.

Acute Kidney Injury↗