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Biomedical subjects

J Freitag

Publications and source records attributed to J Freitag.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Dynamic computerized tomography in staging of urinary bladder cancer].

In 25 patients suffering from bladder cancer a dynamic computerized tomography was performed under constant conditions in a selected tumor layer level. It was the aim of this study to improve the efficacy of preoperative staging of bladder cancer. In the tumors of stages pT1 and pT2 (12 patients) different courses in the time-density-diagrams were shown in comparison with the stages pT3a + b (13 patients). Furthermore, a different intake and delivery of contrast medium was observed and differences in the vascularization of the individual tumor stages may be suspected. Thereby a separation between operable (pT1/2) and inoperable tumor (pT3a/b) seem to be possible.

Diatrizoate↗
PubMed1989

[Mammographic findings following reduction mammaplasty].

Clinical and mammographic follow-up checks were made on 64 women with a record of breast reduction surgery. Mammographic changes, such as thickened skin, distortion of nipples as well as thickening and dislocation of parenchymal tissue, can be relatively easily differentiated from malignant changes, primarily in cases in which such changes are symmetrical and in which case histories and earlier clinical findings are known. Bilateral calcifications in most cases are caused by calcified fat necrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Experiences with percutaneous drainage of abscesses and pseudocysts].

Percutaneous catheterised drainage of abscesses and pseudocysts as well as of circumscribed suppurations in soft-part tissue is considered an established therapeutic approach. Therapeutic puncture or drainage was successfully performed in 19 cases, following CT-targeted fine-needle puncture and subsequent cytological and bacteriological diagnosis. Inflammatory alterations were tackled by antibiotic therapy according to an antibiogram. Complications did not occur.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

[Computed tomographic diagnosis of rectal tumors].

Perirectal spreading of rectal carcinoma is significant for their therapy. Moreover, possible metastasis of the regional lymph nodes and/or of the liver must be detected before therapy. For preoperative staging CT-investigations in 52 patients were performed. For the tumour stages pT1 and pT2 correct CT-staging was achieved in 60% of the cases. CT-information on lymphogenic metastases is not satisfactory, liver metastases were detected with a sensitivity of 72%. 56 patients were investigated after abdominosacral rectum ablation. In 34 cases no local recidivation was detected, but 3 cases of liver metastases were found, also one metastasis of the kidney. Of 22 patients with regional recurrences 5 had liver metastases. 3 cases of lymphogenic metastasis were found.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[The value of computerized tomography and renovasography in kidney injuries].

Computerized tomography (CT) and renal angiography are compared in the staging of traumatic renal lesions. After evaluation of 44 angiographic and 74 CT investigations in 111 patients it was concluded, that CT is superior to angiography in the diagnosis of blunt renal injuries. However, if vascular injuries are suspected an angiographic investigation should be done.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Sex-specific postnatal development of negative oestrogen feedback in rats.

Experiments were performed in immature and adult male and female rats to study the postnatal development of the negative oestrogen feedback in males and to investigate the mechanisms underlying this development. The following results were obtained: 1. Immature male and neonatally androgenized female rats were less responsive to the LH-inhibiting effect of oestradiol benzoate (OB) than untreated females. In contrast, long-term castrated adult males and females with the androgen-induced persistent oestrus syndrome were distinctively more sensitive than cyclic females to the negative feedback action of oestrogen. 2. The low oestrogen sensitivity in prepubertal males is probably caused by the testicular androgen secretion during the perinatal critical differentiation phase, because after neonatal castration, the LH response to OB injected at 21 days of age did not differ between both sexes. 3. As opposed to the peripubertal desensitization to the negative feedback action of testosterone, the sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of oestrogen on LH secretion did not decrease in males at the time of puberty. 4. Whereas former studies have shown that implantation of OB in the medial preoptic area results in significant reduction of the oestrogen sensitivity in female rats, medial preoptic implants containing oestradiol, testosterone or 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone did not diminish the LH-suppressing effect of s.c. injected OB in males. The results suggest that 1. a marked sex difference exists in the postnatal development of the negative oestrogen feedback in rats. 2. Higher oestrogen sensitivity in adult male as compared to adult female rats may depend, at least partly, on prepubertal and cyclic desensitization of the negative oestrogen feedback in females and more or less constant sensitivity in males from infancy to adulthood. 3. In males the oestrogen sensitivity seems to be settled for long by the testicular androgen secretion during the perinatal critical differentiation phase. 4. The prepubertal increase of gonadotrophin secretion necessary for the induction of male puberty may mainly be caused by diminution of the gonadotrophin-inhibiting effect of androgens and by the decline of testicular release of inhibin. 5. The oestrogen-induced desensitization of the negative oestrogen feedback mediated by the medial preoptic area is probably a sex-specific mechanism that is only operative in female rats.

Aging↗
PubMed1988

[Correlation between clinical and paraclinical findings in brain tumors in comparison with the operation site].

On the basis of clinical material consisting of 147 brain tumors, the authors carry out a comparative investigation involving the site of the ensuing operation to ascertain the accuracy of the clinical and paraclinical diagnoses. Computed tomographic findings were deliberately excluded with the intention of focusing on the accuracy attainable by traditional means. Clinical findings, X-ray examination of the skull, ophthalmological findings, electroencephalographic and echoencephalographic data, nuclear diagnosis, and angiographic findings were all taken into account.

Brain↗
PubMed1987

[Computerized tomography of the mediastinum--results of a retrospective study].

The results of the CT-investigations of the mediastinum on 500 patients can be described in the following way: the assessment of mediastinal lymph nodes was clearly improved by the CT. About half the positive mediastinal findings in malignant lymphomas was to be proved only in the CT. The diagnostics of mediastinal space-occupations was elevated to a higher degree. Statements concerning the coarse tissue are possible. In myasthenia gravis pseudoparalytica the computed tomography is the best method for demonstrating the morphologic relations. The individual changes of the thymus gland are, however, not certainly to be differentiated from each other. Among the vascular changes aneurysms and an arcus aortae dexter with right descending thoracic aorta can unequivocally be demonstrated. A particular advantage of the computer tomography consists in the possibility to separate the perfused lumen from the thrombotically closed one. The search for a primary tumour in the mediastinum is not useful in negative conventionally radiographic findings.

Aortic Aneurysm↗
PubMed1987

[Diagnosis of obliterating vascular processes in the supraaortic area].

For the diagnostics of obliterating vascular changes in the supraaortic area the invasive diagnostics of the vessels is not to be renounced now as before. The indication to the angiographic investigation results from clinical, perfusion-scintigraphic and Doppler-sonographic-findings. Of 390 patients 289 pathological angiographic findings in the supraaortic vascular area. In 101 patients normal findings were stated. Altogether 509 individual pathological findings were represented. In the comparison of the results of the investigations in the various diagnostic methods the clinical neurological investigation showed itself as particularly evident method. It should be decisive for the indication to the invasive diagnostics. The correspondence between the angiographic findings and the result of the perfusion-scintigraphic and Doppler-sonographic investigations, respectively, was the greater the more expressed the extracranial vascular findings represented themselves. In 127 patients with multiple obliterating vascular changes the size of the pathological changes and their localization could be established only angiographically.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Differential effects of chronic testosterone treatment on the onset of puberty in male rats.

Immature male rats were daily injected with 5 or 10 micrograms testosterone propionate (TP)/100 g b.w. from day 5 after birth through day 30 or through the day at which spermatozoa appeared in preputial smears (SpA). The age and body weight at preputial separation (PS) and SpA as well as the testes weight on the day of SpA were recorded. Reduced testicular weights as compared to the controls injected with oil were found in all experimental groups. Whereas daily injections of 5 micrograms TP/100 g b.w. did not alter the age and body weight at PS and SpA, administration of the higher TP dose from day 5 through day 30 resulted in highly significant delay of PS and SpA. This effect was almost completely abolished if treatment was continued to the day of SpA. In otherwise untreated males, however, injections of 10 micrograms TP/100 g b.w. from day 30 through the day of SpA did not advance the spontaneous onset of puberty. The findings suggest that slight elevation of the circulating testosterone level during infancy causes impairment of testicular functions resulting in retardation of spermatogenesis and, presumedly, long-lasting reduction of testosterone secretion. The effect can be abolished by substitution of testosterone during the late prepubertal phase, but spontaneous sexual maturation can probably not be accelerated in this way.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

[Status of perfusion scintigraphy in the diagnostic strategy in cerebrovascular disorders and space-occupying lesions].

The results of an evaluation of the perfusion scintigraphy findings of 350 hospitalised neurological patients and 55 more strictly selected neurosurgical patients with cerebrovascular complaints, revealed an accuraty of 83%, a sensitivity of 89%, and a specificity of 83%. The selection of the patients had no influence on the results as a whole. Compared with contrast-medium angiography, incorrect diagnosis must be expected in 17% of the cases. This includes erroneous negative findings in 10% of the cases. Grounds for misinterpretations are suggested, and the biological and methodological limitations of the method are set forth.

Brain Ischemia↗
PubMed1986

Percutaneous angioplasty of carotid artery stenoses.

Percutaneous angioplasty is a well-established method of treating arterial stenoses and occlusions in various regions. In the carotid area this technique is still under discussion. The successful application of angioplasty in eight patients with carotid artery stenoses is reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[1,000 pancreolauryl tests: evaluation of sensitivity, specificity and use in clinical routine].

1115 examinations with the Pancreolauryl-Test (PLT) were carried out and assessed on 918 non-selected patients with various gastro-enterologic diseases. Depending on the severity of the exocrine insufficiency, sensitivity varied in confirmed chronic pancreatitis (n = 54). Overall sensitivity was 69%, in chronic pancreatitis with steatorrhoe 100%, and 54% in moderate insufficiency. In all patients not suffering from pancreatic diseases (n = 789) specificity was 77%. Since the PLT was frequently pathological in patients with subtotal gastrectomy (gastric resection) and active peptic lesion, specificity was also determined excluding these cases (29% of all patients without pancreatic disease). This resulted in a specificity of 86%. Gastric hyperacidity should be taken into consideration as a possible source of errors (for example, in the condition following an ulcer). Age, weight and alcohol consumption as well as diseases of the bile duct and liver, had no influence on specificity. Urine collection errors, occurring in 10% of the patients investigated, could be avoided by determination of fluorescein in the serum. Our results from a series of examinations on non-selected patients with a 6% prevalence of chronic pancreatitis indicated that PLT is likely to increase predictive value in selected application. If the oesophagus-gastro-duodenoscopy is non-pathological but the PLT gives a pathological result, further pancreatic investigative procedures should be carried out.

Adult↗