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Biomedical subjects

J Freedman

Publications and source records attributed to J Freedman.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The use of the single stage Molteno long tube seton in treating resistant cases of glaucoma.

The Molteno long tube seton was used in 12 eyes with glaucoma. The seton was inserted in one stage. Seven of the 12 eyes had previous filtration surgery which had failed. All the eyes had intraocular pressures below 24 mm Hg over an average follow-up period of 14 months. Prolonged postoperative hypotony was the biggest problem following seton implantation as a one-stage procedure. One of the eyes became pthisical. The Molteno seton may be used to treat neovascular glaucoma, or glaucoma which has failed to respond to previous filtration surgery.

Drainage↗
PubMed1984

Prospective platelet crossmatching for selection of compatible random donors.

An indirect platelet radioactive antiglobulin test was used in a prospective crossmatch study in 29 patients for selecting compatible random donors for platelet transfusion. Patients received crossmatch-compatible, crossmatch-incompatible and uncrossmatched platelets. A successful outcome for transfusion was defined as a 24 h post-transfusion corrected platelet increment of greater than 4.5 X 10(9)/l. Of 47 predictions based on crossmatch results, the technique successfully predicted the outcome of the transfusion in 90% of cases. In all patients, transfusion of crossmatch-compatible platelets resulted in a significantly higher 24 h corrected platelet increment than was obtained following transfusion of incompatible platelets. The mean +/- SEM 24 h corrected post-transfusion increment (X 10(9)/l) was 17.79 +/- 2.01 in 26 patients who received crossmatch-compatible pooled random donor platelets; in 21 patients who received crossmatch-incompatible platelets, it was 1.19 +/- 0.56; and in 25 patients who received uncrossmatched platelets, 4.42 +/- 0.97. The differences were highly significant. There was an 83% correlation of results with those obtained using an indirect platelet suspension immunofluorescence technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A new method for studying the distribution of drugs in spinal cord after intrathecal injection.

The pharmacological effect of local anaesthetic solutions in mice including their distribution within the spinal cord, were assessed following intrathecal injection at the L5-L6 interspace. A solution of 5 microliters radioactively labelled lidocaine at a concentration of 50 mg/ml or bupivacaine at 7.5 mg/ml, was used. Both drugs blocked the motor function of the hindlegs in less than 1 min. This persisted for 15.1 +/- 0.8 min. (mean +/- S.E.M.) after lidocaine and 15.2 +/- 2.7 min. after bupivacaine. The highest spinal cord concentration was adjacent to the site of injection, even if traces were present up to the lower cervical cord. The tissue concentration of bupivacaine was considerably less than that of lidocaine, despite a similar motor blockade. When the injected volume was doubled from 5 to 10 microliters, there was a tendency to a more cephalic distribution of lidocaine. When the speed of injection was increased from 2.5 sec., to 30 sec., no difference in results was seen. The drug concentration at the injection site tended to fall in animals alive until 5 min. after the injection, whereas it persisted in animals sacrificed before the intrathecal injection, suggesting that the circulatory transport is the major route of redistribution from the cord.

Anesthesia, Spinal↗
PubMed1983

An unusual autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a patient with immunoblastic sarcoma.

This report describes a patient with immunoblastic sarcoma and autoimmune hemolytic anemia with reticulocytopenia and red cell hypoplasia. Both IgG and IgM red cell autoantibodies were present in the patient's serum, and both antibodies had the uncommon specificity of anti-IT. This report appears to be the first to describe IgG auto anti-IT and autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a patient who did not have Hodgkin's disease; the laboratory findings and clinical course are described. The reticulocytopenia and red cell hypoplasia may have been immunologically mediated. The patient responded to plasma exchange, corticosteroids, and chemotherapy.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1983

Complement in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

This report describes a patient with recurrent thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) in whom complement activation was observed during the acute episodes. Serum C3, C4, and CH50 were reduced, and there was deposition of C3 on red cells and platelets. These findings returned to normal during clinical remission.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Retinal vein occlusion and ocular hypertension.

We undertook a retrospective study to determine whether there is an association between ocular hypertension and venous occlusion in the retina. We found evidence that in patients with systemic vascular disease, ocular hypertension may predispose to retinal vein occlusion, especially in the elderly. Ocular hypertension in itself is a benign condition that has no adverse effects on visual prognosis, but treatment may be warranted in some cases because of the possibility of vein occlusion. Prospective studies are needed to verify this preliminary finding.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Assessment of complement binding by anti-D and anti-M antibodies employing labelled antiglobulin antibodies.

The presence of small amounts of C3d on freshly obtained normal red blood cells (RBC) was demonstrated by a radio-labelled antiglobulin technique; this increased 1.5-fold after incubation in fresh normal serum. No significant further increase in bound C3d was demonstrated for cDE/cDE, CDe/CDe, -D-/-D- RBC maximally sensitized with any of three potent anti-D antibodies. When anti-c, anti-D and anti-E antibodies were used in combination to sensitize cDE/cDE RBC, bound C3d increased by approximately 22%; however, a similar increase occurred with cde/cde RBC and was therefore considered non-Rh specific. Umbilical cord RBC from four infants severely affected by anti-D haemolytic disease of the newborn did not exhibit more bound C3d than cord RBC from normal controls. One serum containing IgM anti-M bound a small amount of complement in vitro; two IgG anti-M sera did not.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1980

An example of auto-anti-A1 agglutinins.

The serum of an elderly man, group A, Le(a+b-), contained an IgM antibody that agglutinated his own cells and the cells of random group A1 donors. Over a period of 5 months, the titre of these auto-anti-A1 agglutinins was 4 at 22 degrees C.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1980

HLA antigens in acute anterior uveitis in South African blacks.

Fifty-three black patients with acute nongranulomatous anterior uveitis (AAU) were tissue typed and the results compared to those from a panel of 200 healthy unrelated black volunteers. No statistically significant deviation from the norm with regard to the frequencies of 38 HLA antigens could be observed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Quantitation of C3 subcomponents on red cells coated with complement in vitro.

In order further to characterise and evaluate the reproducibility of human red cells coated with complement in vitro, the number of molecules of C3 subcomponents/red cell were determined by Scatchard analysis of equilibrium concentrations of bound and free antibody using (125)I-labelled goat anti-rabbit IgG. A 1:1 combining ratio was assumed. Red cells coated via the classical pathway had twice as much bound C3b and C3d as alternative pathway-coated cells. Assays using different anti-C3d sera gave different amounts of bound antigen, but results with any one antiserum versus one cell type were reproducible. Anti-C3d sera raised to C3d-tryp and to C3d-KAF detected significantly different amounts of bound C3d on the same cells. Both trypsinisation and serum KAF treatment of classical pathway-coated cells resulted in marked reduction of C3b molecules/cell (over 90% in both cases). Similar reduction in bound C3b was seen after trypsinisation of alternative pathway-coated cells, but serum KAF treatment of such cells had no significant effect. K(0) values were lower with anti-C3c than with anti-C3d. Anti-C3d K(0) values with the various cells coated with complement in vitro were not statistically different (approximately 10(7) litres/mol), with the exception of trypsinised alternative pathway-coated cells (approximately 10(8) litres/mol, the same order of magnitude observed with cells coated with C3d in vivo). A non-linear relationship between antiglobulin titre and antigen strength was observed. The minimal number of C3d molecules/red cell detectable by agglutination with the various anti-C3d sera ranged from 200 to 670 molecules. The minimal number of C3b molecules detectable by agglutination was approximately 9000 molecules/cell.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The fornix-based conjunctival flap in glaucoma filtration surgery.

The use of a fornix-based conjuctival flap in trabeculectomy and in the combined trabeculectomy and cataract operation is described. Of 105 eyes subjected to trabeculectomy, the intraocular pressure was maintained at less than 21 mm Hg in 97 (92%). Of these 97 eyes, 58 (60%) required medication following the surgery. There were ten eyes in which combined trabeculectomy and cataract surgery was performed. All ten eyes had normal intraocular pressures postoperation; five (50%) with medication. This method has many advantages when compared with the limbal-based flap and gives excellent surgical results with few complications. The advantages are enumerated and the results are reported on 115 eyes operated on over the past ten years.

Cataract↗