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Biomedical subjects

J Fraser

Publications and source records attributed to J Fraser.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Hydatid disease in New Zealand: changing patterns in human infection, 1878-1972.

Temporal trends in the prevalence and incidence of human hydatid disease in New Zealand were described with respect to the different phases in echinococcal control. The prevalence rate of human hydatid disease increased steadily from 1878 to 1954 despite some educational and legislative measures aimed primarily at controlling canine infections. There was not a marked reduction in incidence in young children and in Maoris until after the intensification of control activities by the voluntary committees in 1957, and the decline in incidence in all groups was maintained during the continuing national control programme. The incidence data were analysed by age, sex, race and residential history of patients, and by the site of hydatid cysts. Maoris were found to be at an unusually high risk of infection with Echinococcus granulosus, with incidence rates six times higher than those in non-Maoris.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Serotypes of Pasteurella haemolytica in ovine pasteurellosis.

The serotypes of 406 strains of Pasteurella haemolytica were determined. These came from cases of pasteurellosis in sheep of all ages. Serotype A2 was the most frequent and comprised 33 per cent of all strains recovered. Serotypes T3, T4 and T10 comprised 16, 14 and 12 per cent of the total respectively. Serotypes A1 and A6 contributed 5 per cent each, A7, 18, A9, A11 and A12 a total of 8 per cent collectively, serotype A5 was not isolated at all while 6 per cent of strains were serologically untypable. More strains were received during September, October and November than at any other three-month period and in these months the T biotype predominated.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Cystic fibrosis in New Zealand: incidence and mortality data.

The incidence of and mortality from cystic fibrosis in New Zealand for the years 1965-1971 have been reviewed. Data were obtained from hospital admission and death records. All of the 171 cases were of European parentage except for one part-Maori child. The minimum incidence of cystic fibrosis in the European population (one in 3185 live births) is comparable with that in other populations of similar background but somewhat lower than that derived by Becroft (1968). The data show that, during the period of the survey, approximately 30 percent of cystic fibrosis suffereres died at less than 12 months of age.

Child↗
PubMed1976

The conversion of leucine to alpha-ketoisocaproic acid and its metabolic consequences for Escherichia coli K12.

The amino acid L-leucine serves as a good auxiliary nitrogen source for Escherichia coli K12, and in so doing is converted to alpha-ketoisocaproic acid which is excreted into the medium. L-Leucine does not serve as sole nitrogen source. Cells incubated with L-leucine as sole nitrogen source do not grow, although they do metabolize leucine, and accumulate ketoisocaproic acid in the medium. Where glycine is the only other nitrogen source, the presence of L-leucine greatly increases the growth rate even at concentrations so low that its contribution as nitrogen donor is unlikely to be important.

Ammonium Sulfate↗
PubMed1975

Vaccination against Vibrio (Campylobacter) fetus infection in sheep in late pregnancy.

A single injection of vaccine containing disrupted formol-killed Vibrio (campylobacter) fetus var intestinalis serotype V was shown to give good protection against abortion from an oral challenge of the same serotype administered simultaneously. Protection was also afforded by vaccination at the time of the first abortion in sheep infected orally one month previously. These results suggest that vaccination subsequent to an abortion might be of value in preventing a proportion of further abortions.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1975

Derivation of glycine from threonine in Escherichia coli K-12 mutants.

Escherichia coli AT2046 has been shown previously to lack the enzyme serine transhydroxymethylase and to require exogenous glycine for growth as a consequence. Strains JEV73 and JEV73R, mutants derived from strain AT2046, are shown here to be serine transhydroxymethylase deficient, but able to derive their glycine from endogenously synthesized threonine. Leucine is shown to be closely involved in the regulation of biosynthesis of glycine, to spare glycine in strain AT2046T, to replace glycine in strain JEV73, and to increase threonine conversion to glycine in a representative prototroph of E. coli. An interpretation of strains JEV73 and JEV73R as regulatory mutants of strain AT2046 is given. A hypothesis as to the role of leucine as a signal for nitrogen scavenging is suggested.

Aspartic Acid↗
PubMed1975

Cryosurgery.

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Cryosurgery↗