Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Floyd

Publications and source records attributed to J Floyd.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effects of chronic dietary beer and ethanol consumption on experimental colonic carcinogenesis by azoxymethane in rats.

Epidemiological studies have shown an association between consumption of alcoholic beverages, particularly beer, and carcinoma of the large bowel, especially the rectum. We studied the effects of chronic dietary beer and ethanol consumption on experimental colonic carcinogenesis, fecal bile acid and neutral sterol levels, fecal bacterial flora, and colonic epithelial DNA synthesis. Ten-week-old male Fischer 344 rats were pair fed throughout the study with Lieber-DeCarli-type liquid diets providing comparable total carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and calories. The diets provided 23 or 12% of calories as alcohol in beer (Hi-Beer and Lo-Beer groups), 18 or 9% of calories as reagent ethanol (Hi-EtOH and Lo-EtOH groups), or no alcohol (control group). After 3 weeks of dietary acclimatization, 10 weekly s.c. injections of the bowel carcinogen azoxymethane, 7 mg/kg, were given (weeks 1-10). At necropsy in week 26, the high alcohol groups (Hi-Beer and Hi-EtOH) showed a significantly reduced incidence of tumors in the right colon (42 and 46% versus 81% in control, P less than 0.01 and P = 0.02) but no effect on left colonic tumorigenesis. By contrast, the low alcohol groups (Lo-Beer and Lo-EtOH) showed a trend toward increased incidence and proportion of tumors in the left colon (incidence of 42 and 35% versus 15% in control, P = 0.06 for Lo-Beer; 28 and 30% of tumors in left colon versus 11%, P = 0.08 and P = 0.07) but no effect on right colonic tumorigenesis. Numbers of right colonic tumors were inversely correlated with alcohol consumption of all rats (r = -0.350, P less than 0.001), but left colonic tumors were not correlated. Fecal bile acid and neutral sterol levels, fecal bacterial counts, and colonic epithelial DNA synthesis did not correlate with the effects of alcohol consumption on colonic tumorigenesis. Our findings suggest that: modulation of experimental colonic tumorigenesis by chronic dietary beer and ethanol consumption was due to alcohol rather than other beverage constituents; tumorigenesis in the right and left colon was affected differentially by the levels of alcohol consumption, reflecting complex interactions among the potential mechanisms for alcohol effects in the model used.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1983

The apex impulse in mitral stenosis: graphic explanation of the palpable movements at the cardiac apex.

Simultaneously recorded phonocardiograms and apexcardiograms of 39 patients with mitral stenosis (MS) were retrospectively analyzed. A notch on the upstroke of the apexcardiogram coincidental with the first heart sound (S1) occurred in 18 (47%) of the patients. The notch ratio or vertical distance from the onset of the apical impulse to the notch ratio or vertical distance from the onset of the apical impulse to the notch as a percentage of the total upstroke was measured and compared with the mean mitral diastolic gradient obtained at cardiac catheterization. Statistical analysis showed a significant relation (r = 0.61; p less than 0.01) between notch ratio and the mean mitral diastolic gradient. This study reaffirms that the complex palpable movements at the cardiac apex, consisting of a "tap" representing S1 occurring perceptibly after the onset of the apex impulse itself, are a useful diagnostic sign of MS. Furthermore, a graphic measurement of the extent of delay of S1 with respect to the onset of the apical thrust can provide a rough measure of the severity of the valvular obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Behavior of serum myoglobin during cardiac catheterization: concise communication.

We have studied 28 patients undergoing coronary angiography by the Judkins technique to determine whether serum myoglobin (MG) might be useful as an indicator of myocardial injury during routine cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography. MG was measured immediately before and after the procedure, and 4 hr later. The study population failed to show a rise of MG outside the normal range in spite of angina, hypotension, or severe coronary disease. Four patients premedicated with intramuscular pentobarbital (positive control) showed a consistent rise, with a range 1.5--3 times normal (p less than 0.001). We conclude that injury to myocardial or peripheral tissues occurring during coronary angiography does not raise myoglobin in venous blood above normal levels in the absence of myocardial infarction or preoperative intramuscular injection. Myoglobin, therefore, provides a useful test for the exclusion of myocardial infarction following coronary angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Etiology of nongonococcal urethritis. Evidence for Chlamydia trachomatis and Ureaplasma urealyticum.

Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum (T-mycoplasma), and Hemophilus vaginalis have previously been considered possible etiological agents in nongonococcal urethritis (NGU). In this study, current C. trachomatis infection was confirmed by culture and (or) micro-immunofluorescence serology in 26 of 69 men experiencing afirst episode of NGU, and 1 of 39 with no urethritis. Serum IgM immunofluorescent antibody to chlamydia was demonstrated in 16 of 20 men with chlamydia culture positive NGU, and 3 of 39 with chlamydia culture negative NG, and none of 34 with no urethritis. 9 of 10 culture positive men with less than or equal to 10 days symptoms developed immunofluorescent antibody seroconversion in paired sera. U. realyticum was isolated significantly more often and in significantly higher concentration from first voided urine from chlamydia-negative cases of NGU than from chlamydia-positive NGU. Ureaplasmacidal antibody titers increased fourfold in six men, four of whom had negative cultures for for unreaplasma. H. vaginalis was isolated from c9 of 33 men with no urethritis and 2 of 69 with NGU. C. trachomatis is susceptible, and U. urealyticum is resistant to sulfonamides. A 10-day course of sulfisoxazole therapy produced improvement in 13 of 13 chlamydia-positive, unreaplasma-negative, and only 14 of 29 chlamydia-negative, unreaplasma-positive NGU cases (P less than 0.002). Thus, culture, serology, and response to therapy support the etiologic role of chlamydia in NGU. Quantitative culture and response to therapy suggest U. unrealyticum may cause many cases of chlamydia-netative NGU.

Adult↗
PubMed1974

Use of sodium polyanethol sulfonate in the preparation of 5 per cent sheep blood agar plates.

An alternative method to defibrinating sheep blood for use in bacteriological media is described. The new procedure incorporates sodium polyanethol sulfonate in a concentration of 0.05% (vol/vol). In testing 117 bacterial and fungal isolates, no significant differences were found with respect to adequate growth, pigment production, hemolytic reactions, and other physical attributes. Further tests demonstrate that the sodium polyanethol sulfonate in sheep blood agar plates does not cause any aberrations in zone sizes around disks used in antibiotic susceptibility tests. Consequently, the method represents a suitable alternative to the use of defibrinated sheep blood in the preparation of bacteriological media.

Agar↗