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J Fleischer

Publications and source records attributed to J Fleischer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Stress elicits trans-synaptic activation of adrenal neuropeptide Y gene expression.

Stress triggers responses important to maintain internal homeostasis, and yet when prolonged can cause medical consequences that are most likely mediated by changes in gene expression. In this study we examine the alterations in gene expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY), a potent vasoconstrictor, with stress. Stressors, such as immobilization and cold, were found to increase adrenal NPY gene expression in rats. Adrenal prepro-NPY mRNA levels were elevated by a relatively short period of stress. A single immobilization was sufficient for an increase in prepro-NPY mRNA, that remained elevated for as long as one day later. This rise in adrenal NPY mRNA was abolished by the transcriptional inhibitor actinomycin D. Repeated (2 and 7) daily immobilizations led to a further rise and sustained elevations of prepro-NPY mRNA levels. This increase persisted 2-3 days after the cessation of repeated stress. The stress-elicited increase in NPY gene expression is transsynaptic requiring splanchnic innervation and mediated by nicotinic receptors. Hypophysectomy did not prevent the stress elicited rise in adrenal prepro-NPY mRNA levels. These results suggest that long lasting changes in NPY gene expression might be an important component in the homeostatic mechanisms triggered by chronic stress.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1993

Rapid capillary gel electrophoresis of proteins.

The rapid separation of sodium dodecyl sulphate-protein complexes according to their molecular masses (M(r)) by capillary gel electrophoresis is described. Using commercial equipment, standard proteins with M(r) in the range 29,000-97,400 were resolved to the baseline in less than 2 min by utilizing a separation distance of 7 cm. A linear relationship between migration time and log M(r) was found and rapid determination of the molecular mass of light and heavy chains of human immunoglobulin G is reported. The results are compared with applications using longer separation distances, showing that rapid and efficient analysis and adequate resolution can be obtained by using short separation distances.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[A short questionnaire as a means of screening for psychiatric disorders in the aged].

The authors elaborated a brief questionnaire of mental health of old people. They discuss the the suitability of the self-evaluating part of the questionnaire for detection of mental disorders. Hundred and forty subjects above 65 years of age were examined: living in their homes or hospitalized at the psychiatric clinic. The mean score of the self-evaluating part of the questionnaire in the group of healthy and mentally ill differs significantly. The sensitivity of the self-evaluating part for the non-differentiated group of patients is 62.07% and the specificity is 73.08%. Self-evaluation with the best reliability differentiates from healthy subjects the group of depressive patients (sensitivity 82.76%). It was revealed that self-evaluation can help also with detection of dementia (sensitivity (61.11%). An enhanced discriminating sensitivity of the questionnaire is expected from a combination of self-evaluation with items expressing objective evaluation. The authors emphasize the possibility to entrust the questionnaire to paramedical workers, and its non-pretentious character which makes it suitable for old people.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[The practical significance of the concept of borderline disorders].

There is not agreement on borderline disorders. The authors support the view that borderline disorders are related to other classified mental disorders, i.e. that they are their abortive forms. There is a continuous transition between abortive and non-abortive forms of those classified mental disorders which are the basis of non-specific manifestations of borderline mental disorders. The authors feel that is of practical importance to differente a small circle of abortive forms which resemble various non-psychotic disorders where an axial disposition is assumed but where, contrary to recognized abortive forms (e.g. pseudoneurotic schizophrenia or hysteriform depression), they cannot be identified at a psychopathological level. The diagnosis of a borderline disorder corresponding to this narrow basic circle of abortive forms makes it possible to avoid inadequately founded diagnoses of psychosis or an authoritative refusal of the diagnosis of psychosis, and it makes the doctor search for symptoms of latent axial disposition.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1988

[Primary extranodular non-Hodgkin's lymphomas--observations on etiopathogenesis, histology and prognosis].

The total non-Hodgkin's lymphoma-population treated between 1978 and 1986 by means of radiotherapy or combined chemo/radiotherapy was analysed as to primary extranodular manifestation. 39 cases, 16 women and 23 men, were observed (stage IE 12, stage IIE 22 and stage IIIE 5). Immunoblastic (10), lymphoblastic (9) and centroblastic (6) lymphomas are the most frequent with respect to histology. Gastroenteron (16) and otorhinolaryngological region (13) are in the lead with regard to localisation. 5-year-survival-rates are determined in dependence on clinical stage: IE 65.8%, IIE 39.2% (low, connected with the proportion of high-malignant histology) and IIIE 25.0%. The 5-year-survival-rate of primary gastrointestinal manifestation amounted to 51.5%. With respect to aetiopathogenesis of primary extranodular lymphomas gut-, mucosa- and bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue, aberrant lymph-nodes and the influence of viral- and immunologic factors seem to be important.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Hodgkin's disease--immunological aspects].

The significance of immunological aspects in lymphogranulomatosis for the pathophysiological understanding of the disease was confirmed recently. Moreover, immunologic knowledge increasingly influences diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of Hodgkin's disease. In this survey cell-markers and cell-function of subpopulations of cells, participating in the disease are described. The origin of Hodgkin's- and Reed-Sternberg-cells as well as the aetiopathogenesis of the disease are discussed.

Antigens, Differentiation↗
PubMed1988

[Hodgkin and Sternberg-Reed cells--cell origin, cell marker, cell function].

The controversy in literature with regard to the origin of Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells persists, however only two conceptions seem to be plausible at present: the first is based on the relation to histiocytic elements, the second postulates lymphocytic precursors. The significance of surface-markers of these malignant cells in cryostat-sections and in cell-cultures and the relevance of their functional properties are discussed with respect to pathophysiology, clinical appearance, diagnosis and prognosis of Hodgkin's disease. The authors present two tendencies in the classification of malignant lymphomas based on the present knowledge achieved especially by monoclonal antibodies: the first includes aspects of integration between non Hodgkin's lymphomas and Hodgkin's disease, illustrated by the Ki-1-lymphoma, the second is related to separation of entities of the group of Hodgkin's lymphomas (for example the nodular paragranuloma). The aetiopathogenesis of Hodgkin's disease is considered as a causal trinity of virus infection, genetic determination and immunologic predisposition.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1987

[Epidemiology of Hodgkin's disease from the pathophysiologic viewpoint--review].

The aetiology of Hodgkin's disease remains unclear, however epidemiological characteristics have led to directive conceptions. The description of the rare familiar appearance of lymphogranulomatosis among other things by two cases of our own population and the presentation of milieu factors influencing incidence and prevalence rates give a extensive basis of discussion to develop pathophysiological ideas and to prove it by clinical, pathological, genetical and immunological knowledge. Genetical determination by an autosomal-dominant allele, with incomplete penetrance, predisposing insufficiency of immune suppression and disease inducing virus infection seems less to be three competing aetiologic systems; they rather form a causing trinity, which internal connexions we are at present not able to understand.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1987

[Characterization of functional disorders of bone marrow by measuring chemiluminescence].

It is reported on first experiences with measurements of chemiluminescence on the bone marrow. Suspensions of the bone marrow show a spontaneous chemiluminescence which can be stimulated by Zymosan. Haematological diseases and changes of the bone marrow under influence of the cytostatic therapy react on the behaviour of chemiluminescence. The size of the changes possibly allows of conclusions to the behaviour of the regeneration of the bone marrow.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗