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Biomedical subjects

J Fischer

Publications and source records attributed to J Fischer.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[New possibilities of treatment of pancreatic pseudocyst].

The authors evaluate the therapeutic results in patients with pancreatic pseudocysts where percutaneous puncture under ultrasonic control was used. Five patients were thus cured. In six patients, despite repeated punctures, treatment was not successful and internal drainage was made by surgery. The authors consider treatment of pseudocysts by puncture in suitably selected patients fully indicated because it is an unpretentious and relatively safe method.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas].

The authors analyze a group of six patients with cysadenocarcinoma of the pancreas. They draw attention to the fact that 1. tumours of the type of pancreatic cystadenomas turn in recent years more frequently malignant, 2. it is important to consider whether the cystic formation of the pancreas, i.e. also an apparent pseudocyst, has a tumourous character and to supplement the examination also by a microscopic examination, and 3. if the histologist confirms a benign tumour, even then we cannot rely that the tumour does not also contain malignant foci and we cannot be certain that a cystic pancreatic tumour will permanently retain its benign character.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Lack of interleukin-2 (IL-2) dependent growth of TAC positive T-ALL/NHL cells is due to the expression of only low affinity receptors for IL-2.

Binding of interleukin-2 (IL-2) to high affinity receptors on activated normal T cells was shown to be the essential step in induction of proliferation of such cells. The finding of abundant IL-2 receptors on malignant T cells in adult T cell leukemia suggested a deregulation of the IL-2/IL-2 receptor system and was assumed to account for aberrant growth in malignant disorders of T cells. In this study we use malignant T cells from nine patients with the clinical diagnosis of T-ALL or T-NHL and did not detect IL-2 dependent growth under conditions in which normal T cells responded to IL-2. IL-2 receptors comparable in numbers to activated T cells were found on T-ALL/T-NHL cells stimulated with PHA and PMA. However, binding studies using radiolabeled IL-2 indicated that the receptors present on malignant T cells were not able to bind to IL-2 with high affinity. Therefore, if IL-2 is involved in the proliferation of malignant T cells, its mechanism of growth regulation may be different from the one for normal T cells. Alternatively, IL-2 may not play a role in the regulation of growth of malignant T cells in vitro.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Purification of a high molecular weight form of epidermal growth factor from urine of breast cancer patients.

A high molecular weight form of epidermal growth factor (EGF) was detected by means of an EGF radio-receptor assay and an anchorage-independent growth assay in the urine of breast cancer patients. Preliminary data indicate that the activity of this growth factor is associated with lymph node status and tumor size and that the activity becomes reduced after removal of the primary tumor. The EGF-related polypeptide was purified to homogeneity by a combination of Sephadex G-25 and Bio Gel P-30 chromatography followed by binding to, and elution from, EGF receptor rich A431 cells. Final purification was achieved after isoelectric focusing by following the biological activity of eluted polypeptides. A polypeptide of a pI of 3.4 was identified to carry EGF-like activity. This polypeptide migrated as a single band of 43 kDa in SDS-PAGE. Its biological activity was neutralized by a specific anti-hEGF-antibody indicating an immunological relationship with hEGF.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Interference of coumarin therapy with the "Heptest" owing to declining prothrombin concentrations.

The Heptest kit (Haemachem, Inc., St. Louis, MO) for quantifying heparin in plasma is based on heparin-mediated inhibition of factor Xa, resulting in prolongation of clotting time. In 19 of 55 plasma samples obtained from 32 patients concurrently receiving coumarin and heparin, Heptest results exceeded true heparin values by more than 0.2 int. unit/mL; four samples showed a deviation exceeding 0.4 int. unit/mL. We show here that these deviations are caused by coumarin-induced decreases of plasma prothrombin. This problem can be circumvented by adding purified prothrombin or normal plasma to the assay mixture.

Coumarins↗
PubMed1989

[Space-occupying, traumatically-induced hemorrhage of the posterior cranial fossa].

A total of 4,408 patients were treated for head injuries from 1980 to 1986 at the University Hospital of Innsbruck in Austria. Nine of them (0.2%) showed a traumatic, space-occupying hematoma in the posterior fossa. Clinical signs are often elusive, but tentorial or foraminal herniation with apnea may suddenly arise. Heightened awareness of these lesions and closely monitoring these patients are both necessary, especially when there is a fracture over the transverse sinus or the foramen magnum. Computed tomography helps to establish the diagnosis and leads to appropriate neurosurgical treatment. The overall mortality of patients with these lesions was 22% in our patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Transganglionic regulation and fine structural localization of lectin-reactive carbohydrate epitopes in primary sensory neurons of the rat.

Light- and electron microscopic lectin histochemical studies showed that small dorsal root ganglion cells of the rat projecting to substantia gelatinosa Rolandi (Lamina II) contain terminal alpha-D-galactose carbohydrate epitopes; while those projecting to Waldeyer's marginal zone (Lamina I) and the outer part of Lamina II contain terminal beta-D-galactose residues. These glycoconjugates are manufactured in the Golgi apparatus and transported to preterminal and terminal axoplasmic surface membranes. Both of the axolemmal carbohydrate moieties were shown to be subjected to transganglionic regulation, even though the effects of transganglionic degenerative atrophy become evident considerably later than the depletion of axoplasmic marker substances like fluoride resistant acid phosphatase and thiamine monophosphatase.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Orbital T-cell lymphoma in human T-cell leukemia virus-I infection.

This is the first report of orbital involvement in systemic adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). The etiologic agent of ATLL is the human T-cell leukemia virus-I (HTLV-I), the first retrovirus demonstrated to induce cancer in humans. The diagnosis of ATLL is based on characteristic clinicopathologic features in combination with serologic or virologic evidence of HTLV-I infection. Serum antibodies to HTLV-I were identified by immunofluorescent microscopy. Viral particles characteristic of HTLV-I were found in a culture of the patient's peripheral blood lymphocytes. The patient was a native of the Caribbean, one of the known endemic foci of HTLV-I infection. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of orbital T-cell lymphomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Arthroscopic management of chondromatosis of the hip joint.

In selected cases, we present the arthroscopic surgery of the hip joint as an alternative to the conventional arthrotomy. It is distinguished by less surgery, minimal invasive exploration, and slight traumatization. Also, it comprises a short morbidity, and thereby, the method reduces the costs. If the operation succeeds, the patient and the surgeon are both enthusiastic.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1988

Histogenesis of metastatic tumours: lectin reactive substances and intermediate filament proteins.

The reactivity of 38 anaplastic tumours for cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, milk fat globule membrane antigen. Ia antigen as well as peanut agglutinin and Ulex europaeus I lectins were investigated immunohistologically in paraffin embedded tissue samples. By this typing of tumours establishment of the histogenesis of 34 out of 38 neoplasms was possible. Among the epithelial markers milk fat globule membrane antigen proved to be superior to cytokeratin. Vacuolar or intraluminal binding of peanut lectin was found to be more sensitive than PAS reaction for detecting early secretory activity. Our study substantiates the previous data that binding of Ulex europaeus I lectin is indicative of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In this study we also provide evidence for vimentinization in solid metastases as well as for shift in the cytokeratin profile upon malignant transformation.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1988

Detection and characterization of glycoconjugates in normal and malignant tissues by lectins.

Labelled lectins were used for the histochemical distinction of glycolipids with various terminal hexoses in different storage diseases as well as for the demonstration of differences in the composition of cell surface and intercellular glycoproteins in tissues at various stages of differentiation, in malignancy and in functional subsets of cells. Thereby the detection of some glycoproteins (i.e. in primary sensory neurones, in parietal cells or in polymorphonuclear leukocytes), which were invisible by formerly used methods, was also possible. In malignant tissues lectin binding was either altered or the intracellular localization of the lectin binding sites was changed. These differences did not represent tumour specific markers, rather they were found to reflect glycoprotein structures characteristic for an activated functional state or for an earlier grade of differentiation. Some of such glycoproteins were isolated by lectin affinity chromatography and their structures were further analysed by means of biochemical methods. In malignancy a reduced molecular weight and changes in the monosaccharide composition of surface or intracellular glycoproteins were found to be the main differences. Antibodies produced against the lectin affinity isolated glycoproteins allowed the demonstration of structural relationship of glycoproteins with identical or diverse lectin binding pattern. They proved to be also useful for diagnostic purposes, especially for the differential diagnosis of anaplastic tumours.

Animals↗