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Biomedical subjects

J Finlay

Publications and source records attributed to J Finlay.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

No involvement of bovine leukemia virus in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of enzootic bovine lymphosarcoma. Much speculation continues to be directed at the role of BLV in human leukemia. To test this hypothesis rigorously, a case-control study of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was conducted between December 1983 and February 1986. Cases (less than or equal to 16 years at diagnosis) derived from patients diagnosed at the primary institutions and affiliated hospitals were matched (age, sex, and race) with regional population controls. DNA samples from bone marrow or peripheral blood from 157 cases (131 acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 26 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) and peripheral blood from 136 controls were analyzed by Southern blot technique, under highly stringent conditions, using cloned BLV DNA as a probe. None of the 157 case or 136 control DNA samples hybridized with the probe. The high statistical power and specificity of this study provide the best evidence to date that genomic integration of BLV is not a factor in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia/non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Chronic infectious mononucleosis syndrome, pancytopenia, and polyclonal B-lymphoproliferation terminating in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

A 17-year-old previously healthy girl is reported who developed acute infectious mononucleosis followed by progressive ill health over 20 months, associated with pancytopenia and a polyclonal B-lymphoproliferation, terminating in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was recovered from the patient's nasopharyngeal secretions; serologic titers of antibodies to EBV-associated antigens were compatible with a chronic persistent EBV infection. Plasma interferon levels were markedly elevated. EBV-specific cell-mediated immunity, as well as Natural killer (NK) cell activity were markedly deficient. Other studies of cell-mediated immunity revealed notable abnormalities, including abnormalities in T-cell subset ratios, and a serum blocker of autologous mitogen-induced lymphoproliferation. Humoral (plasma)-mediated, but not cell-mediated, suppression of hemopoiesis was demonstrated using in vitro erythroid and myeloid colony culture techniques. Immunophenotyping of the patient's bone marrow cells preterminally was consistent with ALL. Autopsy revealed pathologic changes of ALL in marrow and multiple organs. We conclude that our patient developed an EBV-driven lymphoproliferative disorder, with associated defective cell-mediated immunity and hemopoiesis. Ultimately, the patient's documented polyclonal lymphoproliferative state was superimposed by acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Transient erythroblastopenia of adolescence.

This case report describes a 16-year-old girl with pure red cell aplasia of 7 months duration. The erythrocyte characteristics and in vitro culture of erythroid progenitors was similar to that found in transient erythroblastopenia of childhood (TEC), a disorder most commonly seen in children 2 to 6 years of age. This case may represent the adolescent equivalent of TEC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Depletion of T cells from bone marrow for allogeneic transplantation: method for treatment of bone marrow in bulk.

T lymphocytes were depleted from donor marrow for 23 patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation using an anti-T-cell antibody, CT-2, and complement. The methodology is described in detail for in vitro depletion of large quantities of bone marrow. The extent of T-lymphocyte depletion using various T-cell markers, the percent of marrow lost in the processing and quantity of antibody, and complement needed are presented. These techniques for in vitro T-lymphocyte depletion were reproducible and did result in an average final yield of 47% of the harvested donor marrow.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

The effect of 6-OHDA lesions of the nucleus accumbens septum on schedule-induced drinking, wheelrunning and corticosterone levels in the rat.

In a series of four experiments the relationship between 6-OHDA lesions of the nucleus accumbens septum (NAS), schedule-induced behaviors and plasma corticosterone levels was explored. Data from the first experiment show a significant decrease in water intake during a scheduled food delivery test hour for 6-OHDA lesioned groups of rats compared with sham or non-lesioned groups of rats, while during the remaining 23 hours of the day water intake was the same for 6-OHDA lesioned and sham lesioned groups. In a second experiment similar decreases in schedule-induced wheelrunning were observed for 6-OHDA lesioned rats when compared with sham lesioned rats. Data from a third experiment showed significant increases in plasma corticosterone levels of rats in the presence of a scheduled food delivery compared with rats given non-scheduled food. In a fourth experiment it was shown that 6-OHDA lesions of the NAS abolish this increase of corticosterone levels in rats on a food delivery schedule. These data extend the findings of Robbins and Koob [19] and show a more general involvement of the dopaminergic pathways of the NAS in schedule-induced behaviors and in concomitant plasma corticosterone changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A single monoclonal antibody identifies T-cell lineage of childhood lymphoid malignancies.

Immunophenotyping studies with monoclonal antibodies have revealed the heterogeneity of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The lymphoid malignancies of T-cell lineage are particularly heterogeneous and, until now, no single monoclonal antibody has been found to identify all cases of T-ALL and T-NHL. A monoclonal antibody, 4H9, recognizes an antigen of 40,000 molecular weight on normal and malignant T cells. Thirty-six cases of childhood T-ALL and T-NHL were tested, and in all cases, the malignant blast cells were reactive with 4H9, whereas malignant cells from 61 cases of non-T ALL and NHL were not reactive with 4H9. Monoclonal antibody 4H9 is a sensitive and specific reagent for the identification of childhood T-cell ALL and NHL and should be extremely useful in immunophenotyping studies of lymphoid malignancies.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1979

Health education for hypertensive patients.

Three educational interventions for the control of essential hypertension in ambulatory patients were based on analyses of the educational needs of patients and providers. The educational program increased reported compliance with medication, improved the proportion of patients losing weight, and improved appointment keeping. Most important, there was a favorable effect on blood pressure (BP) control. The proportion of patients with BP under control in the group assigned to all three interventions increased by 28% (from 38% to 66%), while the proportion in the control group receiving standard medical therapy with no educational interventions remained unchanged at 42%.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Attitudes toward obesity and the obese among professionals.

Negative attitudes toward obese patients by health professionals have been attributed to termination of weight reducing attempts. This study measured attitudes concerning the obese held by professional participants in a continuing education conference on causes and treatment of obesity. Substantial variation was found on items comprising obesity-related belief dimensions: (a) Disparaging image of the obese; (b) causes of obesity; and (c) ways to lose weight. Evidence is presented for the association among measures of these dimensions. While background and educational characteristics and conditions of practice were not related to such attitudes, the professional's personal experience with successful weight reduction was the best predictor of favorable attitudes.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An investigation into the age of cessation of endocranial growth using the techniques of logetronic copying and photosubtraction.

The classical teaching that endocranial growth is dependent on growth of the brain and thus should cease early in life has been questioned by Richardson and Blair who found marked expansive growth between 5 and 15 years in the occipital region. These authors were unable to comment on the age at which endocranial growth ceases because the changes towards the end of the growth period were of the same order of magnitude as the errors involved in digitizing standard cephalometric radiographs. In the present study, aimed at determining the age of cessation of endocranial growth, a very precise technique involving Logetronic copying and photosubtraction was used. Positive and negative Logetronic prints were made from standard 90 degree lateral cephalometric films of 28 normal boys taken at annual intervals between 5 and 15 years. The negative of one stage superimposed on the positive at the next stage revealed any growth changes by photosubtraction. Comparisons were made between films at 5 and 10 years, 10 and 13 years, 13 and 14 years and 14 and 15 years. All superimpositions and recordings were repeated by a second observer. All subjects showed growth changes between 5 and 10 years, 96% changed between 10 and 13 years, 64% changed between 13 and 14 years, and 54% showed growth changes between 14 and 15 years. Endocranial growth has ceased between 14 and 15 years in 46% of normal boys.

Adolescent↗