Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Fiala.
In mice subjected to chemical splenectomy by means of ethyl palmitate the number of CFU-S and CFU-C in bone marrow and spleen was assessed. In the bone marrow of chemically splenectomized mice a rise of CFU-S as well as CFU-C was found. In the spleen of mice after chemical splenectomy the number of CFU-S was reduced, while the number of CFU-C was elevated.
We have established that Mg++ activated ATPase in red cells of rabbits is not changed by vitamin E injection, even if the mechanical resistance of these red cells is increased. Enzyme activity, however, cannot be correlated with this increased mechanical resistance. Probably, the effect of vitamin E on membrane lipids may be supposed to exist, though its effect on membrane proteins cannot be fully excluded.
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The possibilities of separation of haemopoietic cells from lymphocytes capable of eliciting the graft-versus-host reaction through column chromatography were investigated. Strain-A mouse spleen cells were fractionated into the adherent and non-adherent fraction on Sephadex G-25, glass bead columns and glass beads coated with antibody against mouse globulin. Increased numbers of cells forming haemopoietic colonies were found in the cell fraction which did not adhere to the antibody-coated glass beads and in cells reversibly adhering to glass beads. No significant decrease in local graft-versus-host reaction was found in any fraction obtained, and the prolonged survival of irradiated semiallogeneic recipients was observed in both fractions obtained on Sephadex G-25 columns.
The authors induced experimental hypersplenism in mice with repeated intraperitoneal injections of methylcellulose ("Tylosa", Messrs. Kabl). Detailed haematological tests of the peripheral blood, a cytomorphological examination of bone marrow and spleen from puncture material and histological tests of the bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, liver, kidneys and lung tissue of hypersplenic mice were carried out. Among the haematological results, apart from findings of marked erythrocyto-, leucocyto- and thrombocytopenia, attention is drawn to the finding, not previously described in the literature, of lowered osmotic resistance and elevated phagocytic activity of the leucocytes of hypersplenic mice.
The authors studied the effect of prolonged exposure (3, 4 and 5 months) to the action of a magnetic field of 180-200 gauss formed by the poles of a rotating permanent magnet on the haematopoietic stem cells of mouse bone marrow donors. The effect of the field was evaluated from the ability of the donors' bone marrow cells to form haematopoietic colonies in the spleen of lethally irradiated mice. It was found that the number of stem cells was not reduced by the action of the above magnetic field and that proliferative capacity was likewide unimpaired.
Splenectomy was performed in strain H mice. Erythrocyte macrocytosis and an increase in the reticulocyte, leucocyte and thrombocyte count were found in the peripheral blood of splenectomized animals; only the erythrocyte count fell in the first 3 weeks after splenectomy. Changes in the myelogram during the first weeks after splenectomy were characterized by an increase in the proportion of cells of the erythrocytic and lymphocytic series. The stem cell count in the bone marrow (determined after Till and McCulloch) was slightly elevated on the 8th day after splenectomy, but in subsequent weeks was rather lower than the control group values. Whatever the post-splenectomy interval at which bone marrow was taken from splenectomized mice, there was no significant difference in the transplantation effect of bone marrow cells on white and thrombocyte haematopoiesis. Bone marrow transplantation was found have a stimulant effect only on the reticulocyte count and the sooner bone marrow was collected after splenectomy, the more pronounced the effect. Changes in the myelogram and splenogram of irradiated mice to which the bone marrow cells of splenectomized mice had been transplanted were relatively small.
Investigations were carried out on the separation of haematopoietic stem cells from suspensions of the bone-marrow and spleen by means of filtration with silon tissue. The presence of stem cells in the filtrates was determined by the spleen colony test according to the method of Till and McCulloch in irradiated mice. The investigations revealed that a selective separation of haematopoietic stem cells could not be achieved when proceeding in this way. From the results of further test series, in which suspensions were also used which had been gained from haematopoietic tissues of hypersplenic mice, the conclusion could be drawn that the haematopoietic stem cells obtained by filtrating the bone-marrow will have another affinity to the spleen tissue of irradiated mice than the haematopoietic stem cells gained by filtrating the spleen tissue.
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After repeated, 10-20 absorptions of ALS with one-half of its volume of unwashed human erythrocytes, performed each time for 30 min. at room temperature, the titres of the undesired thrombo-agglutinins and thrombolysins can be reduced or these antibodies can be eliminated from ALS. After absorption anticomplementarity of ALS increases and the lymphocytotoxin titre declines. The optimal number of absorptions which would not reduce markedly the immunosuppressive activity of ALS remains to be determined.
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Mouse cells were fractioned by adherence chromatography on glass beads. The fractionation of spleen cells yielded 5 different fractions, whose transplantation effect was tested by the method of Till and McCulloch. The results of these transplantation tests showed that the chosen form of adherence chromatography was not sufficiently successful, since none of the resultant fractions contained solely colony-forming units (CFU) and in none of them were CFU present in an exeptionally high concentration.