Biomedical subjects

J Fiala

Publications and source records attributed to J Fiala.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

[Early diagnosis as a condition for conservative treatment of tubal pregnancy with methotrexate].

27 women with diagnosed unruptured tubal pregnancy were treated using methotrexate given intravenous. Three patients failed medical therapy and required surgical treatment for tubal rupture. The method was effective in 88,89% of cases. 17 women (63%) were given only one dose of methotrexate, ten others required 2-4 doses. Using the diagnostic algorithm (endovaginal sonography, serial B-hCG determinations and uterine curettage) the presence of an ectopic pregnancy was confirmed. The early and relatively easy to follow diagnosis allowing an increase in the proportion of patients who could undergo the alternative of methotrexate therapy and avoidance of laparotomy. The side effects of therapy were mild and transient. Because rupture of ectopic pregnancy can occur despite low and declining B-hCG levels, efficient monitoring was performed.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

The incidence of cancer in the Czech Republic from 1973 to 1989: cancers with non-parallel trends in age groups.

A detailed analysis was made of the malignant cancer incidence rates for the Czech Republic for 1973-1989, concentrating on time trends in five-year age groups. The results were compared with the trend of age-standardized incidence (Standardized Incidence Ratio, SIR) for each cancer type. The dynamics of the changes in the incidence of each type of cancer often proved to be different for various age groups and in some cases even opposite trends were identified: Lung cancer in men-the SIR trend is insignificant, in the 45 to 64 years age groups an increase in incidence, in the 70 to 79 years age groups a decrease; testicular cancer-the SIR trend is growing, in the 20 to 44 years age groups the increase is up to 2.5 times higher in comparison with the SIR trend, in the 60 to 74 years group a decrease; cervical cancer-the SIR trend is insignificant, in the 30 to 39 years age groups an increase, in the 45 to 49 years groups a decrease; Hodgkin's disease-the SIR trend is insignificant for women, a slight decrease for men, in both sexes a rise in the 15 to 19 years age group, a drop in the 50 to 54 years age group. All identified cases of striking non-parallel trends in age groups have to be regarded as very displeasing as they present "a shift to the left", i.e. a redistribution of the occurrence of the illness towards younger age groups. The causes of this phenomenon are not entirely clear, however, the results achieved demonstrate the necessity of further evaluation of oncological/epidemiological data in narrow age groups.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

"Know and improve your health": symbiosis of preventive project and preventive medicine education at the medical faculty in Brno.

At the medical faculty in Brno we succeeded in combining the public health improvement project with the practical education of preventive medicine of medical students. The project "Know and improve your health" should enable individual estimation of the risk factors in people involved and, most of all, effectively decrease the risks by individual modification of their lifestyle. Until now, 1.588 participants were examined in the framework of the project and 147 medical students were actively involved during their preventive care rotations. Among the identified risk factors, the most prevalent were low physical activity (79% females and 75% males), imperfect nutrition (approx. 45% females and 65% males), increased level of blood cholesterol (33% females and 47% males), overweight and obesity (30 % females and 45% males), excessive alcohol intake (3% females and 30% males), increased blood pressure (19% females and 31% males) and smoking (22% females and 27% males). The efficiency of the intervention is determined by sending brief anonymous questionnaire to the participants after several months following the examination. We received 54% of the questionnaires back. 87% of respondents state change in their knowledge, opinions and attitudes as an effect of the project, 86% state their effort to change their lifestyle and 71% successfully realized change in their lifestyle. Students taking part in the project are influenced in the sense of "Broader application of preventive methods in their future medical practice" (79% probably, 21% definitely). Positive effect is perceived as beneficial above average by 62% of students for themselves and 59% for examined persons. 96% of students and 100% of involved people think the project should go on in future. Participation in the real preventive program seems to be very effective form in the study of preventive medicine.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Serum ferritin estimation in blood donors subject to apheresis on IBM 2997 cell separator.

The serum ferritin concentration was tested in blood donors selected for apheresis on IBM Cell Separator. Of 41 donors, 28 were males and 13 females. All donors exhibited normal hemoglobin and RBC. The mean value of serum ferritin was 90.93 ng/ml in males and 48.38 ng/ml in females. In males--often with repeated blood donations--a low value of serum ferritin suggesting reduced Fe stores in organism was found in one individual only. In contrast, reduced serum ferritin levels were observed in 4 females who, before apheresis, regularly donated blood or had several pregnancies in their anamnesis. The obtained results point to prelatent or latent sideropenia. Serum ferritin concentration was measured in 18 donors selected for apheresis. The examination of ferritin was performed prior to, immediately after, and one week post separation. No significant changes in serum ferritin concentrations due to the separation procedure were observed. Preventive tests of serum ferritin in multiple blood donations and in women with previous pregnancies are recommended.

Blood Component Removal↗

PubMed1986