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Biomedical subjects

J Fermanian

Publications and source records attributed to J Fermanian.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Comparison of human tumor cells (Hep 2) and rat liver for the detection of antinuclear antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence].

Indirect immunofluorescent detection of anti-nuclear antibodies was conducted on sections of rat liver and on smears of human Hep 2 tumour cells in the serum of 1017 patients. Overall, the Hep 2 cells gave titres superior by 1 or 2 dilutions. Taking into account this difference, a good agreement was observed between the 2 cellular reagents in 83 per cent of the sera tested. The divergences, which affect almost one half of the positive sera, are largely due to the presence of anti-centromere antibodies, anti-nuclear antibodies giving a patchy "M3" appearance to the Hep 2 cells and, most importantly, anti-nucleolar antibodies. Such differences demonstrate that there are major qualitative or quantitative antigenic differences between the nuclei of rat hepatocytes and those of Hep 2 cells. Although technically rat liver and Hep 2 cells were found to be fairly easy to use and interpret, only a large comparative study of human pathology will be able to determine which is the better reagent for the routine detection of anti-nuclear antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Measurement of agreement between 2 judges. Qualitative cases].

The degree of concordance between two observers in the qualitative case is represented by the kappa coefficient (with or without weighting). The practical use of kappa is specified. The variances of kappa estimates under the null hypothesis (independence of the classifications) and for any value of kappa are given, together with the conditions for their use in statistical testing.

Statistics as Topic↗
PubMed1984

[Factor structure of the H.S.C.L. in a sample of French anxious-depressed patients].

The 58 items version of the Hopkins Symptom Check List (Derogatis et al.) was scored on 85 depressed outpatients treated by general practitioners. The data were obtained before any anti-depressant treatment. A principal component factorial analysis with Varimax rotation was used. 41 of the 58 items of the check list were assigned to seven independent factors: interpersonal sensitivity, somatisation (pain), retardation, digestive disorders, autonomic symptoms, sleep and obsessive disorders, depressive mood. Our results are compared to those published by Derogatis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Measuring agreement between 2 observers: a quantitative case].

The degree of concordance between observers in the quantitative case is represented by the interclass correlation. The practical interest of computing concordance indexes, particularly in the planning phase of multicentric studies is discussed.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1983

Assessment of appropriate laboratory measurements to reflect the degree of activity of ulcerative colitis.

Eleven laboratory parameters were compared with the clinical grading of disease activity in 44 patients with ulcerative colitis, using multiple stepwise regression analysis to identify which measurements significantly reflect the severity of the disease. Only 2 parameters, serum orosomucoid and haematocrit showed significant correlation with clinical status. It is suggested that in the method of assessing disease activity proposed by Truelove and Witts the haemoglobin, which in this study was found to have no value, could be replaced by an equally simple test, the haematocrit. Comparisons are made between the relative usefulness of these parameters in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of six treatments of ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis. A clinical trial.

UNLABELLED: A national multicenter study (34 centers) compared six treatments in 328 patients with cirrhotic ascites. Excluded were patients with g.i. bleeding within the last six months, chronic encephalopathy, cancer, tuberculosis or the following complications persisting after three weeks: acute encephalopythy, fever greater than 38 degrees C, infected ascites or biochemical abnormalities: blood urea greater than 8 mmol/l, natremia less than 130 mmol/l, kaliemia less than 2.5 or greater than 5.5 mmol/l, WBC greater than 12000 mm3, total bilirubin greater than 85.5 mumol/l. In each center patients were randomized into two treatment groups, each center using 2 of 6 proposed treatments: (1) Spironolactone and 500 mg Na p.d (77 patients), (2) Spironolactone + furosemide or Moduretic (amiloride + hydrochlorothiazide) and 500 mg Na p.d (80 patients), (3) Spironolactone + Furosemide or Moduretic and unrestricted sodium diet (86 patients), (4) Concentrated ascites reinfusion and 500 mg Na p.d. (36 patients), (5) Unmodified ascites reinfusion and 500 mg Na p.d. (23 patients), (6) Slow ascites drainage and 500 mg Na p.d. (31 patients). Statistical analysis methods were X2, variance analysis and Spotvoll-Stoline and Dunn-Sidak tests. Before treatment, there was no significant difference between the 6 groups. RESULTS: After one month of treatment, no difference was found in the frequency of total or partial regression of ascites, complications of cirrhosis, mortality, acceptability of treatment. Mechanical treatments induced more rapid weight loss but more frequent recurrence; comparison of groups 2 and 3 did not confirm any benefit associated with unrestricted Na diet. Duration of treatment and hospitalization were shorter in group 4 than in groups 3 and 6.

Amiloride↗
PubMed1983

[The abdomen in multiple-injured patients. Comparative study on 225 multiple-injured patients with and without abdominal lesions. Incidence of abdominal complications].

Of 225 patients with multiple injuries and a high lesional score, 100 presented traumatic abdominal lesions. Comparison of the two groups confirmed both the usefulness and validity of a traumatic index and the reliability of abdominal puncture-lavage. Abdominal complications were analyzed. Mortality in all multiple injury cases, with or without abdominal lesions, was identical in this series where emergency surgery was performed only for lesions affecting vital organs, the mean age of patients with abdominal lesion being significantly lower. An attitude to adopt when deciding whether surgery is necessary is proposed.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1982

[A survey on depressive states in general practice].

The aim of this work is to study the depressive patients which are treated by general practitioners. A sample survey was made with four different populations. The systematic use of investigations gave an important participation. 682 depressions were studied which represent 4% of all the out patients. 70% are female. Insomnia, anxiety and asthenia are the three prominent psychic symptoms. Many physical symptoms and predisposing factors were mentioned. The diagnosis of reactive depression is the one most often used. Anxiolytics are more widely prescribed than antidepressants. Hypnotics are the third most often prescribed drugs. General practitioners seldom refer patients to psychiatrists or psychoanalysts.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Diflunisal versus placebo for treatment of pain in general practice.

The efficacy and safety of diflunisal versus placebo in the treatment of pain were compared in a multicenter, double-blind study of 1,037 patients treated for seven days by general practitioners. A statistically significant (P less than 0.001) difference in favor of diflunisal was seen using four evaLuation criteria. The incidence of side effects was generally low with both treatments; nevertheless, the number of patients suffering at least one side effect was greater after diflunisal than after placebo (P less than 0.05). A comparison of the profile of responders to diflunisal and to placebo showed no particular pattern.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1982

[Sterilizing activity of the main drugs on the mouse experimental tuberculosis (author's transl)].

In a first experiment mice infected intravenously with 10(6) Mycobacterium tuberculosis were randomly treated either with isoniazid (INH) + rifampicin (RMP) 25 mg/kg or with INH + RMP + pyrazinamide (PZA) or with INH + RMP + PZA + streptomycin (SM). The decrease of the viable counts (CFU) in the lungs was similar with all three regimens. In a second experiment, mice were treated for six months either with INH + RMP 25 mg/kg or INH + RMP 10 mg/kg. After a follow-up of six months, mice were killed and their lungs and spleen cultivated. Positive cultures were obtained in 7.5 p. cent of the mice treated with the high dose of RMP and 36.5 p. cent in the mice treated with the low dose (p less than 0.05). A third experiment demonstrated that, during the first two months of treatment, adding PZA to INH + RMP 10 mg/kg increased significantly the overall effectiveness of INH + RMP 10 mg/kg combination. A fourth experiment demonstrated that after three initial months of INH + RMP 10 mg/kg, RMP alone was as effective as RMP + INH or RMP + INH + PZA. It may be concluded that RMP and PZA are both active on the intracellular population of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and that RMP is the only drug to act on persisting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in extracellular lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

In vitro influence of theophylline on anti-IgE-induced release from leucocytes and whole blood in asthmatic children.

Two groups of asthmatic children were found with regard to the influence of theophylline on the anti-IgE-induced histamine release from whole blood. In th first group (21 children), histamine release was obtained both from whole blood and washed leucocytes and was inhibited by 10(-4) M theophylline. In the second group (5 children), histamine release required the presence of plasma and was not inhibited by 10(-4) M theophylline. Theophylline treatment was efficacious only in children of the first group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Assessment of appropriate laboratory measurements to supplement the Crohn's disease activity index.

The ability of 11 laboratory parameters to reflect the degree of activity of Crohn's disease, using a clinical index as reference point was compared by means of multiple stepwise regression analysis. Activity was best defined in decreasing order by orosomucoid, sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, alpha-1-antitrypsin, albumin, haematocrit, IgM, circulating immune complexes, serum iron, IgG, and IgA. The haematocrit, the only laboratory measurement in the Crohn's disease activity index developed by the National Cooperative Study Group in the USA, is less discriminant than acute phase reactants. Only three parameters-namely, orosomucoid, sedimentation rate, and C reactive protein-have a significant weight and should be complementary to a simple clinical index.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The detection of doubtful data: the program DOUBT.

The problem of the detection of erroneous data has led us to define the 'doubtful patients' as patients who have a small density. Our program DOUBT computes the densities associated with each patient by using the method of n nearest neighbors. Then the program allows us to define a density limit, and chooses the patients who have a smaller density then the doubtful patients. The remaining patients may be classified by the program.

Computers↗