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Biomedical subjects

J Fenton

Publications and source records attributed to J Fenton.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

A clinical comparison of two methods of glare testing.

We evaluated two methods of glare testing, the Miller-Nadler Glare Tester (M-NGT, Titmus Optical, Inc.) and the Brightness Acuity Tester (BAT, Mentor O & O, Inc.). Resulting Snellen visual acuities both for a control group of normal volunteers and for a study group with cataract or posterior capsule opacification were compared using the two glare testers. The decreases in Snellen visual acuities were comparable in the eyes with cataract. No glare disability was measured in the control group. There was greater glare disability using the BAT compared with the Miller-Nadler test when eyes with posterior capsule opacities were compared.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

[Cancer of the anal canal. Results of the treatment of a series of 195 cases].

Between 1968 and 1982, 195 patients with invasive anal canal carcinoma were treated at Institut Curie (Paris, France). There were 168 females and 27 males --sex-ratio: 5.7/1, mean age: 67 +/- 11 yrs. (range: 38-85 yrs.). The initial size of the tumors was analyzed according to the circumferential invasion of the anal canal. The tumor involved 1/4 of the circumference in 49 cases, 1/2 of the circumference in 108 cases, 3/4 of the circumference in 22 cases and the whole circumference in 16 cases. Pathological examination revealed 20 cloacogenic carcinomas and 175 squamous carcinomas. All patients received radiotherapy as initial treatment and none received chemotherapy as a curative procedure. Eight patients received only palliative treatment. Twenty-seven patients were operated on because the response of the tumor to irradiation was partial or incomplete. One hundred and sixty patients received the full course of irradiation with a complete response. Among the latter, 100 patients were alive NED with a normal anal function with at least a 2-year follow-up. Local recurrences (n = 42) underwent salvage surgery in 50 p. 100 of the cases with a 3-year survival over 50 p. 100. Actuarial survival of the 195 patients was 68.5 p. 100 at 3 years and 58 p. 100 at 5 years. Survival was highly related to the initial size of the tumor and to the presence of positive inguinal nodes (p less than 0.0002). The histologic type was not related to the response to radiotherapy, nor to local recurrence or to survival.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Cancer of the prostate: intolerability and morbidity of external radiotherapy].

The pertherapeutic intolerance and morbidity are analyzed in a group of 597 patients with localized prostatic carcinoma treated by definitive radiotherapy between 1975 and 1982. Minimum follow-up is 2 years, median is 46 months. The results are compared to following parameters: associated diseases, associated surgical treatments, doses and irradiated target volumes. Pertherapeutic intolerance manifestations were found in 73% of patients and lead to complications. Urinary incontinence and chronic cystitis were more frequent after transurethral resection or prostatic surgery. Proctitis was the most disabling and can be reduced by a better estimation of prostatic target volume and by split course irradiation. Chronic diarrhea was more frequent when using large target volume. Leg edema was closely associated with pelvic lymphadenectomy. The control of pertherapeutic manifestations and the prevention of complications should improve survival in patients treated by external radiotherapy.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of epidermoid anal canal cancer.

Between 1968 and 1979, 183 patients with invasive epidermoid cancer of the anal canal were treated at Institut Curie. There was 156 women, 27 men with a mean age of 67 +/- 11 years (range 40 to 85 years). The initial height of the tumor was less than 4 cm (65 patients), 4 to 6 cm (98 patients), and more than 6 cm (20 patients). All the patients received radiotherapy, either preoperatively or as curative procedure. Twenty-five patients received preoperative radiotherapy, and there was no residual tumor in 9 biopsies obtained at operation. Four local recurrences were observed. One hundred fifty-eight patients received curative radiotherapy, 115 of whom did not undergo operation. Eighty were alive with no evidence of disease and good anal function with a minimum of 3 years follow-up. We observed 15 local recurrences, 4 inguinal recurrences, and 8 visceral metastases. In addition, eight patients initially had such a big tumor that radiotherapy was only a palliative procedure. Forty-three patients required a surgical procedure after this curative radiotherapy. Colostomy (12 patients) or abdominoperineal amputation (25 patients) was required for local recurrence and colostomy was required for necrosis related to radiotherapy. Five year survival was 59 percent. The survival was related to the size of the tumor (p less than 0.0001). The likelihood of retaining normal anal function with local control of the tumor was also closely related to the initial size of the tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Operable cancers of the rectum: preoperative radiotherapy. Retrospective study of 192 cases treated at the Curie Institute].

Pre-operative irradiation in operable cancer of the rectum remains controversial. This is a report of a retrospective study about 192 patients treated between 1958 and 1980 at the Institut Curie (Paris) for a rectal cancer. An abdomino-perineal resection was done in 144 patients, 83 as a primary procedure and 61 after a pre-operative irradiation. During the same period 48 patients had an anterior resection. We put in this study the only patients who underwent curative surgery. Irradiation was given with high voltage by a four field "box technique". The tumour received 40 to 50 grays in 5 to 6 weeks. The operation was done at least 6 weeks after the end of the irradiation. There was no difference for the sex, and age of the patients, and in the size of the tumour before treatment, between the patients irradiated and those operated on as a primary procedure. There was no difference in the operative mortality as well as the 3, 5, and 10 year survival in the two groups. Pre-operative irradiation did not change the number of perineal recurrences or the number of visceral metastases. The healing of the perineum was significantly longer in the irradiated patients (p less than 0.001). The survival was closely related to the Dukes classification. The number of Dukes A patients was significantly higher (p = 0.02) after irradiation: 26/61 (43%) vs 19/83 (23%) when the patients were not irradiated. In our experience pre-operative irradiation can shrink some large tumours helping the surgical act.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A new chromogenic amylase method compared with two established methods.

We tested a new amylase reagent involving chromogenic substrates (Pantrak, Calbiochem-Behring) for precision, dynamic range, and susceptibility to potential interferences. Two p-nitrophenyl-alpha-maltaosides are used as substrates, which amylase cleaves to shorter-chain p-nitrophenyl maltaosides, the latter then yielding p-nitrophenol from the activity of alpha-glucosidase. A series of 100 specimens were tested by Pantrak and two established methodologies. In both cases, correlation was excellent. Precision was good for all methods; CVs for Pantrak were 3.0 to 4.5%. The dynamic range of Pantrak extended to 800 U/L. Above-normal quantities of triglyceride, hemoglobin, or bilirubin did not cause spurious results, but anticoagulants that bind divalent cations should not be used. The Pantrak method has desirable analytical features and is easy to use.

Amylases↗
PubMed1981

[Inflammatory breast carcinoma treated with a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Results of a randomized trial studying the therapeutic role of an immunotherapy with BCG (author's transl)].

Seventy-seven patients with inflammatory breast carcinoma were included in a randomized trial between march 1977 and september 1979. All patients were treated with the same association of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Chemotherapy included adriamycin on day 1 (45 mg/m2), vincristine on day 2(1,2 mg/m2), cyclophosphamide on days 3, 4 and 5 (400 mg/m2/day) and 5 fluoro-uracil on days 3, 4, and 5 (500 mg/m2/day). Each course of chemotherapy was repeated every 28 days for one year. Patients were then given a maintenance course of chemotherapy for one year. Radiation therapy with CO60 was applied after 4 courses of intensive chemotherapy. The dose distributed was 70 Gy over seven weeks. During radiation therapy, chemotherapy was administered according the same scheme, but adriamycin was excluded. All the patients were randomly distributed into two groups before treatment: group I patients received chemotherapy and radiation therapy alone; group II patients received chemotherapy and radiation therapy plus living BCG vaccinations. After chemotherapy, inflammatory manifestations disappeared in 51% of cases. The mean of disease-free interval was 26 months and the overall survival mean 34 months. No difference in favor of the BCG treated group was noted. Lymph node involvement, age, hormonal status, response to tuberculin, and disappearance of inflammatory signs after 4 months of chemotherapy are of insignificant prognostic value.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Urinary complications and sequelae of carcinoma of the cervix treatment (author's transl)].

The authors describe the sequelae and urinary complications of:--radiotherapy only in 524 patients, stage I to III treated between 1960 and 1974;--721 operations performed between 1968 and 1974, according to the protocol of treatment as used in the Fondation Curie. This reveals:--for irradiated patients, no iatrogenic damage to the upper urinary tract, whilst bladder complications were often present. No major complication was found in this group;--for operated patients, the surgical act was without harmful consequence in the 672 cases when the operation was foreseen in the initial protocol (0,6% of chief complications). On the other hand, surgery performed for persistent tumour or recurrence after exclusive radiotherapy showed 8 per cent of chief complications. In this group they analyse the factors that might influence ureterohydronephroses, especially the extent of node dissection and associated external irradiation.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1980

A comparison of enzyme immunoassay and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in forensic toxicology.

A series of 137 urine samples were analyzed for drugs of abuse by enzyme immunoassay (EMIT) and by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Agreement between these methods was excellent and ranged from 93.4% for benzodiazepines to 98.5% for propoxyphene. EMIT false negative were traced to the presence of elevated endogenous lysozyme or other interfering materials. In the case of moderate amounts of lysozyme the use of a blank would lead to correct results. Disagreement in the identification of nine benzodiazepine samples was found to be due to a low recovery of benzodiazepine metabolites from urine. Recovery could be improved by incubation of the urine sample with the enzyme beta-glucuronidase.

Benzodiazepines↗
PubMed1979

Propylene glycol as a cause of an elevated serum osmolality.

Two severely burned patients experienced the onset of marked hyperosmolality during topical treatment with a cream containing silver sulfadiazine as an antimicrobial agent. Serum samples from both patients were studied for the presence of substances absorbed from the vehicle of the cream. Prophylene glycol, in concentrations which were high enough to account for the difference between calculated and measured osmolality, was demonstrated in the sera of these patients by gas chromatography.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1979

[Exclusive radiotherapy of late stage II and stage III carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Results and therapeutic complications for 393 cases treated at the Institut Curie (author's transl)].

Late stage II and stage III uterine cervix cancers are actual pelvic tumours and their treatment requires high doses. Therefore there is a risk of complications for the neighbouring structures. External and intracavitary irradiation are associated, the latter in a second time. For 141 late stage II and 252 stage III cases treated at the Institut Curie from 1963 to 1971 included, the respective actuarial survival are: 61 and 43 per cent at 5 years; 55 and 35 per cent at 10 years; and 55 and 30 per cent at 15 years. There is a significantly statistical difference between unilateral and bilateral stage III cancers actuarial survival: at 5 years, 52 and 34 per cent; at 10 years, 45 and 29 per cent; at 15 years, 37 and 25 per cent. Likewise, the survival for stage III cases with an abnormal urogram is distinctly poorer than for cases with a normal urogram: 48 and 18 per cent at 5 years; 41 and 13 per cent at 10 years; 38 and 8 per cent at 15 years. The crude cure rate for all the cases remains almost unchanged from the seventh year on. Failures due to cancer are mostly pelvic evolutions or recurrences, excepted a few isolated metastases (about 15 per cent of the overall failures). The majority of the failures occur during the first three years. The treatment complications are mostly moderate (4/5 are mere sequelae); rectum and bladder are the most exposed to the risk; only 5 per cent of the cured patients had severe complications.

Female↗