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Biomedical subjects

J Favre

Publications and source records attributed to J Favre.

50 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Magnum wire for balloon recanalization of chronic total coronary occlusions.

A new guidewire (Magnum wire, Schneider) was developed for balloon recanalization of chronic total coronary occlusions. This 0.021-inch solid-steel wire with a floppy tip equipped with a 1-mm diameter "olive" is used like an ordinary guidewire, fits conventional balloon catheters and provides excellent steerability. Magnum wires were used in 50 consecutive chronic total coronary occlusions (mean +/- standard deviation duration 8 +/- 21 months, range 1 day to 10 years; mean length 1.1 +/- 0.8 cm, range 0.2 to 4.0). All occlusions were reached (in 23 right, 18 left anterior descending, 8 left circumflex coronary arteries and 1 diagonal branch) and 30 (60%) were recanalized (1 reoccluded during the procedure, and in 3 patients the Magnum wire did not completely cross the occlusion but enabled the previously impossible passage of a conventional wire). The mean age of the occlusion was 3 +/- 4 months in successful and 17 +/- 33 months in unsuccessful procedures (p = 0.04) and the mean length was 1.1 +/- 0.9 and 1.3 +/- 0.6 cm, respectively (p = 0.4). In 17 patients, conventional techniques had been exhausted before the Magnum wire attempt, which was successful in 8 (47%). In 33 patients the Magnum wire was tried first, with success in 22 (67%). Conventional techniques were subsequently tried in 9 of the 11 failures (none was successful). Of the 38 procedures carried out with a second, improved version of the Magnum wire, 26 (68%) were successful.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transplantation of encapsulated bovine chromaffin cells in the sheep subarachnoid space: a preclinical study for the treatment of cancer pain.

Chromaffin cells have been shown to release a combination of pain-reducing neuroactive compounds including catecholamines and opioid peptides. The allogeneic transplantation of chromaffin cells in the subarachnoid space has been shown to alleviate pain in various rodent models and possibly in terminal cancer patients. Because of the shortage of human cadaver donor tissue, we are investigating the possibility of transplanting xenogeneic cells in polymer capsules. In this technique, cells are surrounded by a permselective synthetic membrane whose pores are suitably sized to allow diffusion of nutrients, neurotransmitters and growth factors, but restrict the diffusion of the large molecules of the immune system and prevent contact with immunocompetent cells. The encapsulation technique therefore allows transplantation of xenogeneic tissue between species as well as retrieval of transplanted cells. Previously we have reported that encapsulated bovine chromaffin cells survive and alleviate pain in various rodent models. The purpose of the present study was to assess the feasibility of implanting a human sized device in a large animal model. Adrenals from 5 calves were surgically removed; chromaffin cells were isolated from these glands using a collagenase-based digestion-filtration technique. Cells were loaded into acrylic-based tubular (5 cm long, 920 microns wide) permselective capsules attached to silicone tethers. The capsules were maintained in vitro for at least 7 days following the encapsulation procedure. Nicotine evoked release was analyzed in a defined subgroup from each batch. One capsule was then implanted using a guiding cannula system in the lumbar subarachnoid space of each sheep for 4 (n = 5) and 8 (n = 1) wk. All capsules were retrieved intact by gentle pulling on the silicone tether. Except for one capsule, the evoked catecholamine release of the retrieved capsules was in the same range as that of other capsules from the same cohort that had been maintained in vitro. All retrieved capsules were devoid of host cell reaction. Clusters of viable cells dispersed in an alginate immobilizing matrix were observed throughout all the implanted capsules. This study demonstrates the feasibility of transplanting functional encapsulated xenogeneic chromaffin cells into the cerebrospinal fluid of a large animal model using a capsule of appropriate dimensions for human implants. We believe that these results suggest the appropriateness of human clinical trials in patients suffering from refractory terminal cancer pain.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Oral oestro-progestative contraception and cervical and vaginal cytology (author's transl)].

The cytological study of 1,685 smears belonging to women taking an oral contraception treatment, compared to 1,000 normal smears, shows that oestroprogestative drugs may be responsible for a certain number of more or less serious morphological disturbances in cervical and vaginal epithelial cells. These cell abnormalities, which correspond to inflammary of to slight dysphasia changes, are mostly spontaneously reversible or regress after cessation of the treatment. There does not seem to be a greater number of cervical cancers.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Value of intra-uterine washing in cytologic diagnosis of endometrial lesions (author's transl)].

A cyto-histological correlation, according to the Gravlee Jet procedure, is proposed about 86 intra-uterine abnormal washings. In a series of 53 positive for cancer and 6 suspicious cytologic diagnosis, the pathologic study evidenced the cancer in 54 cases. In 2 cases, a cancer was discovered only by tissue section. According to the results and although there are some difficulties, this method of diagnosis of the upper feminine genital tract cancer seems to us valuable.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A five-year experience with intrauterine washing cytology.

The results of a five-year experience using a Gravlee-type device for endometrial cytologic sampling in 1,215 patients are presented. Cytohistologic correlation in 620 cases confirmed the difficulty of using cytology to diagnose normal endometrium and its benign changes. Our use of intrauterine washing cytology indicated 66 malignancies, 59 (89.4%) of which were histologically confirmed. Histology confirmed 88.5% of the cytologically diagnosed adenocarcinomas. Washing cytology detected two confirmed tubal adenocarcinomas that had not been detected by curettage.

Biopsy↗