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Biomedical subjects

J Faust

Publications and source records attributed to J Faust.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Antenatal diagnosis of fetal sex by detection of Y-chromatin containing cells in maternal blood (author's transl)].

The blood of 100 pregnant women was screened to detect Y-chromatin containing cells of the fetus for prenatal sex-determination. Obtaining 15% false predictions the previous rate of wrong diagnoses could not be reduced significantly. Studying the frequency of fetal leukocytes in the maternal circulation, a significant increase during the pregnancy could not be found. In early pregnancy lymphoid cells containing Y-chromatin can be found first in the 7th week and granulocytes in the 10th week. The prenatal fetal sex-determination from 13 pregnant women was done by chromosome studies, too. Their rate of false diagnoses was 0%. Screening the Y-chromatin containing cells of 13 women, who had given birth to a male child within the last 5 years, we were able to establish a survival of fetal lymphocytes in the maternal circulation within 25 months. An increase in fetal cells according to the length of time the cells were cultured, could not be detected.

Female↗
PubMed1975

Malignant transformation of mouse cells by cigarette smoke condensate.

A low-nicotine cigarette smoke condensate, 12 fractions of the condensate, and a reconstituted sample were tested for their ability to induce transformation in the mouse cell line 3H/10T-1/2 CL-8. This cell line is noted for its remarkable low spontaneous rate of transformation. Both the crude condensate and the reconstituted sample as well as two specific fractions induced transformation in the mouse cells. These transformed cells produced fibrosarcomas when injected s.c. into antithymocyte serum-treated syngeneic mice.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of California Public Health Goals (PHGs) for chemicals in drinking water.

As part of a program for evaluation of environmental contaminants in drinking water, risk assessments are being conducted to develop Public Health Goals (PHGs) for chemicals in drinking water, based solely on public health considerations. California's Safe Drinking Water Act of 1996 mandated the development of PHGs for over 80 chemicals by 31 December 1999. The law allowed these levels to be set higher or lower than federal maximum contaminant levels (MCLs), including a level of zero if data are insufficient to determine a specific level. The estimated safe levels and toxicological rationale for the first 26 of these chemicals are described here. The chemicals include alachlor, antimony, benzo[a]pyrene, chlordane, copper, cyanide, dalapon, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, 2,4-D, diethylhexylphthalate, dinoseb, endothall, ethylbenzene, fluoride, glyphosate, lead, nitrate, nitrite, oxamyl, pentachlorophenol, picloram, trichlorofluoromethane, trichlorotrifluoroethane, uranium and xylene(s). These risk assessments are to be considered by the State of California in revising and developing state MCLs for chemicals in drinking water (which must not exceed federal MCLs). The estimates are also notable for incorporation or consideration of newer guidelines and principles for risk assessment extrapolations.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mother-child agreement on self-report of anxiety in abused children.

This study investigates the lack of agreement in maternal and child report of child anxiety with a sample of abused and nonabused clinic-referred children. Based on the literature, it was predicted that nonabused clinic-referred children would report more symptoms of anxiety than their mothers would report for them. It was also predicted that mothers of abused children would report greater anxiety symptoms for their children than the children's self-report. Finally, it was predicted that maternal psychopathology, specifically anxiety, would increase the probability that mothers would overreport their children's anxiety. Mother-child agreement based on anxiety symptoms assessed by the Quay Behavior Problem Checklist and the Revised-Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale was obtained on 54 male and female outpatients, 5 to 16 years of age. Overall, mothers reported significantly more anxiety for their children, than the children's own self-report, irrespective of abuse history. The implications of the findings are discussed with respect to the validity of maternal and child report. Directions for future research are also offered.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

T cell subsets in human colostrum.

Lymphocytes from 10 paired colostrum and peripheral blood specimens were examined to determine if the colostral T cell population differs from the peripheral blood T cell population in subset distribution. The percentages of lymphocytes staining with OKT3, OKT4, and OKT8 murine monoclonal antibody were determined. Lymphocytes from colostrum were 74.7 +/- 2.5% OKT3+, 50.6 +/- 2.3% OKT4+, 24.0 +/- 1.7% OKT8+, whereas peripheral blood lymphocytes were 78.7 +/- 1.9% OKT3+, 48.4 +/- 1.4% OKT4+, and 29.8 +/- 1.6% OKT8+. The percentage of colostrum lymphocytes positive for OKT3 was significantly although not strikingly lower than the OKT3 percentage for blood lymphocytes (p less than 0.05). This difference was due to the lower percentage of OKT8 positive lymphocytes in colostrum compared with blood (p less than 0.01). Although the T cell subset distribution of colostrum generally appears to be similar to that in the peripheral blood, there were small differences in OKT3 and OKT8 percentages that were statistically significant suggesting the possibility of some selectivity of the colostral T cell population.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗