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Biomedical subjects

J Faulkner

Publications and source records attributed to J Faulkner.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Occurrence of primary renal angiosarcoma in brothers.

Two brothers, 3 years apart in age, developed angiosarcoma of the left kidney at ages 52 and 69. Both rapidly developed systemic metastasis and died 6 weeks and 3 months, respectively, after nephrectomy. No common carcinogen or hereditary or other etiologic factor was identified. To our knowledge these two cases bring the total of reported cases of renal angiosarcoma to eight, with these representing the only ones with a familial occurrence.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder in a dog.

A 9-year-old Bullmastiff with hematemesis was determined to have primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder. Despite the dismal prognosis when these unusual tumors are located in the liver, the hematemesis resolved, and there was no obvious tumor regrowth in this dog 10 months after cholecystectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Addition of polyethylene glycol 6000 improves the sensitivity of the protein A plaque assay for detection of human immunoglobulin secreting cells.

A technical modification of the protein A plaque assay is described in which the addition of polyethylene glycol 6000 results in increased sensitivity in detection of human immunoglobulin secreting cells. Optimal conditions for use of this modification are described which result in improved detection and visualisation of haemolytic zones and have, with continued use, been shown to improve the reproducibility and reliability of this assay.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Quality control for estrogen receptor quantification by dextran-coated charcoal assay: a single laboratory's experience.

Wide fluctuations in results obtained by different laboratories for the content of estrogen receptors from a single source of tissue powder were reported by several investigators at the 1979 NCI Consensus Committee Meeting for Steroid Receptors in Breast Cancer and were further supported by data collected by our laboratory for the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. In a multilab study the inconsistency in the receptor content is a product of the variations associated with the assay procedures used by different laboratories and those due to unavoidable daily changes in the experimental conditions within each laboratory. In this report we present data on the variation of estrogen receptor measurements obtained by a single laboratory for any single source of tissue powder repeatedly analyzed. A retrospective analysis of the data collected on the receptor content of several different batches of calf uteri analyzed on different days (inter-assay variation) under uniform conditions revealed a coefficient of variation averaging +/- 35% (standard deviation divided by mean X 100). Experiments showed that the fluctuations in the receptor yield from aliquots of the same tissue powder are primarily an effect of the homogenization step that precedes cytosol preparation. Therefore, for establishing quality control, distribution of lyophilized cytosols should precede lyophilized powders to test the efficiency of performance of laboratories. A homogenizer designed to minimize thermal denaturation is also essential.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Polymorph function in asthma.

In vitro polymorph movement, phagocytosis and bactericidal activity were compared in asthmatics, patients with bacterial infection and control subject. No gross defects were observed, but statistical analysis indicated that asthmatics have depressed polymorph movement (P less than 0.05) and lower augmentation of an intracellular enzyme activity (NBT reduction), associated with bactericidal function (P less than 0.01). As expected, polymorphs from patients with bacterial infection are capable of increased NBT reduction (P less than 0.001). Correlations between a wide range of clinical and laboratory data were also performed by computer analysis. Among significant findings were indications that atopic extrinsic asthmatics, in comparison with intrinsic asthmatics, have raised unstimulated NBT activity (P less than 0.05) and lower augmentation in response to endotoxin (P less than 0.05), as well as increased IgE and eosinophil counts (P less than 0.002). These findings suggest that in extrinsic asthmatics there may be some impairment of polymorph function which would account for an increased tendency to respiratory infections or to a prolonged recovery from such infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Isolation of Bacteroides ureolyticus (B corrodens) from clinical infections.

The introduction of an improved anaerobic system resulted in the isolation of Bacteroides ureolyticus (B corrodens) in numbers that suggested a pathogenic role from many more clinical specimens. During a three-year period B ureolyticus was isolated from 103 fairly superficial necrotic or gangrenous lesions all of which showed evidence of active infection. These included 27 perineal or genital infections, 15 perianal abscesses, 15 other soft tissue infections such as pilonidal abscesses and infected sebaceous cysts and 16 ulcers or gangrenous lesions of the lower limb. B ureolyticus was rarely isolated in pure culture but was usually one of the predominant organisms; the other organisms were mostly anaerobes and the combination of B ureolyticus with anaerobic Gram-positive cocci was particularly noticeable. The isolation and identification of B ureolyticus is not difficult but depends upon a reliable anaerobic system and the incubation of primary cultures for at least 72 h.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1980

Recurrent bacterial meningitis in patients with genetic defects of terminal complement components.

Isolated genetic deficiencies of complement components in man are rare. We describe two kindreds with inborn deficiencies of either C5 or C6 in which both propositi presented with recurrent bacterial meningitis. Neisseria meningitidis was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of the C5-deficient patient and bactericidal activity against his autologous meningococcus was absent from whole fresh patients' serum despite a rising titre of complement-fixing antibody. The stimulated movement of normal leucocytes was impaired in the presence of C5-deficient serum but not in the presence of C6-deficient serum; neither deficiency reduced significantly the complement-dependent opsonization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. HLA typing and complement component phenotyping showed no segregation with the complement defect in either the C5- or C6-deficient families. Normal individuals and apparent heterozygotes with approximately half the normal levels of the relevant component were found in both families, in keeping with an autosomal codominant inheritance of the defects.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Myotonia dystrophica: obstetric complications.

We describe the course and outcome of 23 pregnancies in six women affected by myotonia dystrophica in a large Labrador family. A seventh patient had 14 pregnancies, so that the infertility commonly described in this disorder did not apply to this family. The rate of complications was high, particularly in respect of polyhydramnios, premature onset of labor, cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, and neonatal deaths. Polyhydramnios indicated that the fetus was abnormal. Direct observation of an atonic uterus at cesarean section supported other evidence that uterine muscle may be affected. We also report a newborn infant with the congenital form of myotonic dystrophy, a manifestation which has been attributed to the effect of a maternal intrauterine factor upon a fetus carrying the gene.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Myotonia dystrophica: unusual features in a Labrador family.

A large family with myotonia dystrophica has been recognized in an isolated area of Labrador. The complete family tree showed 29 of 108 members to be affected, including an infant with the congenital form of the disease. The propositus presented with epiphora and reduced frequency of blinking, with incomplete closure--features that have not previously been stressed. Ten of the younger affected persons had no lens opacities, although most had systemic muscle signs. Slit-lamp examination was therefore not a valuable method of early detection of the disease in the family. Many of the women affected by myotonia dystrophica had obstetric complications, particularly hydramnios, premature onset of labour, necessity for cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal death. Hydramnios was associated in each instances with perinatal death. The fetus in each case of hydramnios may have had the gene for myotonia dystrophica. Immunoglobulin A concentrations were reduced significantly in 27 affected persons in comparison with 77 unaffected family members. There were no such differences for the other immunoglobulin classes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

In vivo suppression of EL 4 lymphomas by rabbit antitumor sera.

Three of more than 50 batches of rabbit antisera raised against the mouse EL 4 lymphoma could inhibit the growth of the tumor in the syngeneic C57BL/6J mice either after exposure of the tumor cells to the antitumor globulin (ATG) in vitro or after the administration of ATG in mice preinoculated with various numbers of EL 4 cells, even though the ATG was not cytotoxic to the tumor cells in the presence of complement. The outcome of immunotherapy with ATG in tumor-bearing C57BL/6J mice depended on the tumor load, the interval between tumor inoculation and the institution of therapy, the total dose, and the schedule of administration of ATG. Complete tumor suppression could be obtained in a proportion of mice preinoculated with 10(5) EL 4 cells, i.e., 10(4) times more than the minimum number of EL 4 cells necessary for 100% tumor takes. Whole-body irradiation (400 rads) or complement depletion of tumor host by cobra venom factor had no effect on tumor suppression by ATG. No evidence of immunity against the EL 4 lymphoma could be detected in EL 4-bearing mice that survived after serotherapy. Anti-EL 4 sera raised in goats and goat and rabbit antisera raised against a lymphoma in the AKR mice have, so far, failed to show any tumor inhibition.

Animals↗