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Biomedical subjects

J Farkas

Publications and source records attributed to J Farkas.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Suppressed phagocytosis but promoted bacterial growth upon the effect of virus free supernatants of infected lymphocytes.

The pathomechanism of suppressed phagocytosis and bacterial superinfections which follow viral diseases is not completely understood. Both polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) and mononuclear phagocytes (MNPh) as well as bacterial growth are controlled by several cytokines produced by other immune cells. The effect of disturbed production of cytokines on phagocytes and microbes have not been studied yet. Peripheral T lymphocytes were infected with human adenoviruses (Ad) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) or were activated by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), then culture supernatants containing no infectious virus were mixed to phagocytes swallowing viable Staphylococcus aureus. Influence of supernatants on eukaryotic and bacterial cell growth was compared to cytokine assays. Supernatant mediators, different from interferon (IFN) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF), induced by oncogenic Ad-12 or HSV-1 diminished phagocytosis of both PMNL and MNPh in a dose dependent manner, promoted bacterial growth free and inside MNPh, while those of latent Ad-5 and nononcogenic Ad-8 exerted moderate effects. Plating efficiency of HEp-2 cells was decreased by all of them. Supernatants of PHA treated lymphocytes containing IFN-gamma enhanced both phagocytosis and bacterial replication free and inside MNPh, while it suppressed HEp-2 plating. Neither viruses nor PHA affected phagocytic process directly. Staphylococci inside PMNL were not affected. Presumably, production of a single mediator by infected T lymphocytes is responsible for the multiple effects. Relationship with another soluble factors is discussed.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1993

Interaction of ionising radiation and acidulants on the growth of the microflora of a vacuum-packaged chilled meat product.

Microbiological effects of gamma irradiation dose of 2 kGy, with and without reduction of pH to 5.3-5.2, have been investigated with a vacuum-packaged, minced meat product prepared from pork and beef with spices and cereal fillings. Either glucono-delta-lactone or ascorbic acid were used as acidulants. Experimental batches were stored at 0-2 degrees C for 4 weeks. Effect of temperature abuse condition was also studied by transferring packages for one week to 10 degrees C after 2-week holding at 0-2 degrees C. The irradiation caused two decimal reduction of the aerobic viable cell count determined after incubation at room temperature and four decimal reduction in the Enterobacteriaceae count. Lactic acid bacteria appeared to be more radiation resistant and became the dominant component of the microflora during storage. Combination of pH-reduction and irradiation prevented growth of Enterobacteriaceae even at 10 degrees C incubation.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Management of potentially infected complex hand injuries.

Fifteen patients with contaminated, and thus potentially infected, hand injuries were treated. All had segmental bone loss: six metacarpals, three proximal phalanges, three middle phalanges, and three joint injuries. The treatment was based on the simultaneous primary application of external minifixators and antibiotic-loaded bone cement beads and completed by early bone grafting. This external fixation and internal antibiotic treatment has synergic effect both mechanically and biologically. Thus potentially infected fresh injuries were treated in exactly the same way as an established osteomyelitis. Although there were a few minor wound problems and superficial pin tract infections, there were no deep infections, and no bone grafts were lost. All of the patients were grafted with autologous bone taken from the ilium within 7 to 8 days. Rehabilitation time was markedly decreased by this method, and all of the patients returned to work within 8 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Insertion of a radius head prosthesis in the management of fresh injuries].

Authors report on experiences in using radius head prosthesis on the basis of early follow-ups. The operation is performed in cases of closed, comminuted fractures of the radial head if the fracture is irreponable on the basis of X-ray and intraoperative findings. Controls until now have shown excellent functional results. Based on literary data they describe the possibilities of late complications after using silicone prosthesis. The number of patients and the short time elapsed after operations does not allow far-reaching conclusions yet. A description of the use of radius head prosthesis in traumatology was not found in the Hungarian literature.

Fractures, Open↗
PubMed1990

[Lesions of the extensor muscles of the knee caused by meniscus injury].

The damage of the knee extensors was examined with integrated EMG and with histochemical and electron microscopical methods in 23 patients with meniscal injury. The integrated DMG has proved in 2/3 of the patients tonic, in 1/3 both tonic and phasic damage of the muscle function. With histochemical examination the decrease of the ratio of the fibers of type 1 was found and also the atrophy of the same fibre type cells in 18-36 per cent. Ultrastructural examinations have shown out of the damage of the contractive elements an increase of the interstitial connective tissue together with alterations of the arterioles in the knee extensors following meniscal injuries.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Management of open, potentially infected hand injuries with bone defect by delayed early bone substitution].

Authors make an analogy between the principles of treatment of the fresh, potentially infected injuries with bone and soft tissue defects and of the already developed manifest infection of the hand. The principles of treatment are essentially the same. First of all the fixateur externe and the antibiotics containing globules are suggested for the sanation and prevention of the disease equally. Attention is called to the fact, that better results can be expected from the prophylaxis than from the attempts to make the process reversible. The beneficial synergism of the extrafocal fixation and the intrafocally acting antibiotics will help. One of the secrets of the good late functional results is the early restitution of the architecture of the bones of the hand. For this, the authors suggest the most modern replacement of bone in the form of primary delayed cancellous bone plasty, performed within two weeks.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

Microbiological safety of irradiated foods.

This paper attempts to summarize relevant information on microbiological safety of irradiated foods in the light of previous reports of expert committees and current literature references. After a brief survey of the relative radiation resistance of food-borne microorganisms, the importance of microbial load for dose requirement, and the role of post-irradiation conditions, it addresses the following questions: Could selective changes in the microflora, caused by non-sterilizing radiation doses, make known pathogens more likely to occur, or bring into prominence unfamiliar pathogens? Is it probable that 'mutational' (including adaptive) changes might make pathogens more virulent, more harmful, or more difficult to recognize, and could new pathogens arise in this way? Is it possible that development of radiation-resistant strains might render the antimicrobial irradiation processes ineffective? The present survey of relevant scientific evidence related to these questions reaffirms the basic conclusion of earlier reviews, that microbiological safety of irradiated food is fully comparable with that of foods preserved by other acceptable preservation methods. Similar to other preservation processes, gains in microbiological or keeping quality attained by food irradiation can be and must be safeguarded by proper control in the food irradiation facilities and by proper care of the product before and after processing.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1989

Development of porcine digestive enzymes with special reference to ribonuclease.

The activity of digestive enzymes was determined in the gastrointestinal tract of newborn, 1-, 3- and 5-week-old piglets and in adult pigs. The pancreas of newborn piglets contained considerable ribonuclease (RNase) activity, which continued to increase with age. After the initial values an opposite tendency was found in the intestinal contents, probably due to the increase of proteolytic degradation with advancing age. Serum RNase showed little age dependence. The time-course of development of pancreatic RNase resembled more that of proteolytic enzymes than tha of amylase. The data indicate that a high pancreatic secretion of RNase commences much before the appearance of RNA in the diet.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

The effect of cell extracts of urological tumours on adenovirus mutants.

Various tumours of the urogenital system were studied whether their cells contain gene products characteristic of functioning adenovirus genes. Complementation studies were made by using tumour cell extracts and two temperature-sensitive adenovirus mutants at restrictive and permissive temperatures. The procedure was applied in in vitro HEp-2 cell culture. It was found that cell extracts of bladder tumour, renal tumour, malignant bladder papilloma and of penis cancer are capable of complementing adenovirus mutants at restrictive temperature, i.e. they induce the reproduction of virus mutants being otherwise incapable of replication. Thus, functioning adenovirus genes are present in the tumour cells. It seems that virus genes together with hormonal changes activate the cell protooncogenes giving rise to and maintaining tumours.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Complementability of temperature-sensitive adenovirus mutants with extracts of urogenital tumour cells.

Complementation of two temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of adenovirus type 5 was attempted with tumour extract in HEp-2 cell cultures at permissive and restrictive temperature. Both ts mutants were successfully complemented with adenovirus gene products extracted from bladder and kidney carcinoma cells. The percentage incidence of complementation appeared to be higher with extracts obtained from female patients than with those obtained from males. The same gene sequences may occur in penile carcinoma cells and in bladder carcinoma cells showing the early signs of malignization. Extracts of seminoma cells and of cells from prostatic hypertrophies contained adenovirus genes less frequently; infectious virus was never obtained from them. The same applies to cells from the non-tumourous ("control") patients tested. The old age of the patients and some properties of the tumours examined suggest that hormonal changes may contribute to adenovirus gene expression and, indirectly, to the malignant process and its continuity.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1986

[Acute pelveoperitonitis with an IUD in place].

Pelvic inflammatory diseases observed within 5 years in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of the University of Szeged and caused by intrauterine conception have been studied retrospectively. The cases were 78 times mild and 53 times severe. Mostly the symptoms could be observed following long-time use. Treatment was a combination of chloramphenicol and gentamycine with addition of metronidazole. If there was no remission colpotomy and drainage were performed. If this manoever was not successfull laparotomy (salpingoophorectomy, hysterectomy) was necessary. Intraperitoneal lavage with antibiotics was done by means of a drain. The authors are of the opinion, that insertion of IUD is allowed only in cases of negative gynaecological findings. Continuous supervision is compulsory. In cases of minimal complaints removal of IUD has to be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Detection of a nerve-specific membrane protein on differentiating PCC3/A/1 cells.

Attempts were made to prepare monoclonal antibodies specifically reactive with cell surface components of a murine neuroblastoma cell line, Neuro 2a. One of the antibodies (1c2) reacts with a varying proportion of in vitro cultivated Neuro 2a cells, but does not react with murine embryonal carcinoma cell lines (PCC3/A/1 and F9) or with a murine fibroblast line (LM). This antibody selectively stains a subpopulation of nerve cells in murine adult central nervous system, e.g. granular cells in cerebellar cortex. Immunoaffinity purification of adult brain and Neuro 2a plasma membrane fractions with the antibody resulted in an electrophoretically pure protein of approx. 28 kD molecular weight as estimated by SDS-PAGE. Although this antigen is absent from PCC3/A/1 embryonal carcinoma cells, it can be demonstrated after 9 days of growth and differentiation under low density conditions by indirect immunoperoxidase staining. This monoclonal antibody may prove useful in further analysis of neural tissue development.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Simuliosis. Analysis of dermatological manifestations following blackfly (Simuliidae) bites as observed in the years 1981-1983 in Bratislava (Czechoslovakia).

On the basis of 3 years observation the author differentiates these 6 forms of dermatologic simuliosis: edematous form, erythematous-edematous, so-called erysipeloid form, inflammatory-indurative, so-called phlegmonoid form, haemorrhagic plaques, numerous haemorrhagic nodules, haemorrhagic vesicles. According to the analysis of the year 1983, the painful edematous and haemorrhagic forms occur most frequently.

Czechoslovakia↗