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Biomedical subjects

J Fabianová

Publications and source records attributed to J Fabianová.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Changing clinical image of celiac sprue in childhood].

BACKGROUND: Celiac sprue is considered to be the second most common chronic disease in childhood after allergic diseases. At present, the prevalence of this disease is stated as high as approximately 1% in inhabitants of the North America and Western Europe. Aetiology of celiac sprue is multifactorial as it is in other chronic diseases. Pathogenetically, it is an autoimmune disease whose main autoantigene is the tissue transglutaminase. It affects those individuals carrying HLA-DO2 or HLA-DO8 gene and those who were exposed to wheat gliadine or similar amino acids (prolamines) in rye and barley. The purpose of the present study was to find out whether clinical manifestation of celiac sprue changed in our group of patients in course of 23 years. METHODS AND RESULTS: In forty-eight children celiac sprue was diagnosed according to histopathological and histochemical findings in the small intestine mucosa. In the children examined within 5 years in 1982-1987, main clinical symptom of celiac sprue was diarrhoea. In the control group of children examined within 7 months in 2004-2005, intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms in celiac sprue were equally distributed; the so-called sleeping forms occurred too. CONCLUSIONS: It is discussed what are the trigger mechanisms and the possible danger of celiac sprue manifestations and why celiac sprue is diagnosed in the older children at present time compared with the past years.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

[Central serous chorioretinopathy--treatment with beta blockers].

The authors present an account on their first experience with treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCHR) by beta-blocking agents. In 21 patients with CSCHR Trimepranol (metipranololum) a beta non-selective blocker, 2 x 10 mg/day for two to three months was used. In 30 patients with CSCHR Vasocardin (Metoprololi tartas) was used i.e. a beta-1 selective blocking agent, 2 x 50 mg/day for two to three months. In all patients remission of the disease occurred, on average 4.5 to 4.8 weeks after the onset of treatment. During treatment of CSCHR by beta-blocking agents no significant difference was found in the action of beta selective and non-selective blockers regardless of the duration of the disease before onset of treatment and the number of relapses.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1992

[Variations in lipid metabolism in long-term monitoring of children treated for diabetes mellitus].

The authors investigated selected indicators of the lipid metabolism in 31 children with insulin-dependent diabetes for a period of 3 to 14 years. They divided the patients into two groups those with a glycosylated haemoglobin below or above 9 mumol/1 g haemoglobin. They compared the assembled results of the two groups and also with the results obtained in a control group. The total cholesterol was in both diabetic groups higher than in healthy subjects and was higher than the value which is considered from the aspect of the genesis and development of atherosclerosis as a risk value. Children with poorly compensated diabetes, i. e. with a glycosylated Hb level above 9 mumol had a higher cholesterol level as compared with well compensated diabetic children. The pre-beta fraction of lipoprotein increased in both groups of patients, however, more in those where the disease was not well compensated. There was a parallel decrease of the alpha fraction and the lipoprotein profile had a markedly atherogenic character. The apolipoprotein B concentration was in patients with well compensated diabetes lower, as compared with controls but in patients with poorly compensated diabetes after 4-5 years treatment is was significantly higher. Poor compensation of diabetes led after 4-5 years duration to a significant rise of the serum triglyceride level. As the blood lipid levels are influenced in a significantly way by diet, compensation of the disease and a low-fat diet are essential with regard to the results assembled in this investigation for prevention of ischaemic heart disease in diabetic subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Lipoprotein lipase and postheparin esterase activity in primary hyperlipoproteinaemia type IV and V.

In a study of the aetiopathogenesis of primary hyperlipoproteinaemias, which has not yet been elucidated, we paid attention to the heparin-activated lipolytic enzymes. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and postheparin esterase (PHE) activity was determined in 35 patients with primary hyperlipoproteinaemia (HLP) type IV (average age 50 years), 28 with type V (average age 48 years) and 2 with type III (57 and 62 years). Since PHE activity is correlated to sex and in women also to age, these factors had to be taken into account. The average activity values for the given enzymes in the patients group did not differ from the results in the control group. From these enzymes activities we tried to analyse the findings in individual cases in which the values were lower or higher than the control group range. The low PHE activity in some patients with type IV and V was evidently secondary and due to hepatobiliary disorder (most frequently liver steatosis). The simultaneous elevation of LPL and PHE activity in type IV and V patients with a high serum lipoprotein concentration shows that the response of patients with extreme HLP to heparin is more pronounced. The low PHE activity in type III (tested in only 2 patients) could possibly indicate the liver disorder on which this metabolic disease may be based.

Clinical Enzyme Tests↗
PubMed1977

Inhibition of lipolysis by oxytocin and vasopressin.

The administration of 5 I. U. oxytocin (by quick infusion) or of 5 I. U. vasopressin-lysine (intramuscularly) to healthy subjects was followed by a significant decrease in the plasma non-esterified fatty acid level. We regard this as evidence of inhibition of basal lipolysis in the adipose tissue. Vasopressin also completely blocked an increase induced in the plasma non-esterified fatty acid level by activating hormone-sensitive lipase in the adipose tissue by the infusion of 0.5 mg noradrenaline.

Fatty Acids, Nonesterified↗
PubMed1977

Trehalase activity in diabetes mellitus and in cirrhosis of the liver.

Trehalase (an enzyme decomposing the disaccharide trehalose) activity was studied in 29 healthy subjects, 25 patients with cirrhosis and 112 diabetics. Mean trehalase activity was 176 +/- 11 units in the control group, 647 +/- 421 units in the patients with cirrhosis and 467 +/- 239 units in diabetics. The differences between the control group on the one hand and the groups with cirrhosis and diabetes on the other were statistically significant. The results show that the organism, under pathological conditions, makes far greater use of its enzymatic apparatus to assure its basic requirements, but the scatter of the values is so great that the determination of trehalase has no discriminative value in individual cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Changes in postheparin lipolytic activity in liver diseases.

The activity of the lipolytic enzymes lipoprotein lipase and postheparin esterase is inhibited in chronic liver diseases and postheparin esterase activity is often practically zero. In acute liver diseases postheparin esterase activity is low, but returns to normal as the patient recovers. Its determination can therefore be used to evaluate the course of the disease. The administration of sex hormones (testosterone) is followed in cirrhotic patients by a percentually significantly higher increase in postheparin esterase activity than in healthy subjects.

Esterases↗
PubMed1977

Cytological picture of altered activity of the lipolytic enzymes.

The onset, culmination and involution of ovarian incretory function are reflected very sensitively in the hormonal colpocytological pattern. Disturbances of ovarian hormone production are associated with changes in lipid metabolism. The alpha-lipoprotein concentration falls and the beta-lipoprotein concentration rises. Postheparin esterase (PHE) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity significantly influence the ovarian steroids. Oestrogens cause elevation of colpocytological oestrogenic indexes and lower PHE values. After the administration of testosterone in old age, the vaginal picture reacts by intermediary proliferation. PHE activity reacts by an increase. Like steroids, the enzymes PHE and LPL have a relationship to the liver cell. In cirrhosis the hormonal situation of the organism changes. The cytological picture in women after the menopause displays signs of proliferation, women in the childbearing period are hyperoestrogenic and PHE activity is low.

Atrophy↗