Effect of dietary fat and D-thyroxine on the incorporation of acetate-1-14-C into egg yolk lipids.
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Acetates↗
Biomedical subjects
J F Weiss
Publications and source records attributed to J F Weiss.
Radioprotective and locomotor responses of mice treated with nimodipine alone and in combination with WR-151327.
The effect of combining a radiation-protective phosphorothioate with another agent was investigated in an attempt to increase radioprotection and reduce toxicity. The calcium channel blocker nimodipine (NIMO) was administered alone (1 or 10 mg kg-1) or in combination with 200 mg kg-1 of the phosphorothioate radioprotector WR-151327 (WR) (S-3-(3-methylaminopropylamino)propylphosphorothioic acid). Radioprotection as measured (30-day survival) of mice treated i.p. 30 min before (60)Co irradiation at a dose rate of 1 Gy min-1 was evaluated in CD2F1 male mice. The effects of nimodipine and WR-151327 on locomotor activity were investigated also in a separate group of non-irradiated mice. The LD(50/30) for the Emulphor vehicle control group was 8.56. For nimodipine alone (1 or 10 mg kg-1) the LD(50/30)was 8.39 and 10.21 Gy, respectively, yielding dose modification factors (DMFs) of 0.98 and 1.19, respectively. When WR-151327 was given alone, the <LD(50/30) was 12.48 Gy (DMF = 1.46; P < 0.05 from vehicle). WR-151327 combined with 1 or 10 mg kg-1 nimodipine resulted in an LD(50/30) of 12.73 Gy (DMF 1.49, P < 0.05 from vehicle), and when WR-151327 was combined with 10 mg kg-1 nimodipine the LD(50/30) was 14.29 Gy (DMF = 1.67, P < 0.001 from WR-151327). For either dose of nimodipine, locomotor activity did not differ from vehicle. WR-151327 and WR-151327 + 1 mg kg-1 nimodipine resulted in locomotor decrements for up to 4 h post-administration (P < 0.05 from vehicle), and WR-151327 + 10 mg kg-1 nimodipine for up to 6 h (P < 0.05 from WR-151327). Therefore, although there was an additive radioprotective effect when the higher dose of nimodipine was combined with WR-151327, the locomotor decrement was also enhanced. These results demonstrate that a combination of nimodipine and a phosphorothioate such as WR-151327 may be useful as a clinical setting where behavioral and physiological side-effects can be monitored. Published in 2001 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Animals↗
Breathing 100% oxygen after global brain ischemia in Mongolian Gerbils results in increased lipid peroxidation and increased mortality.
Exposure of Mongolian gerbils to a 100% oxygen atmosphere after 15 minutes of global brain ischemia resulted in a marked increase in the production of pentane, an in vivo product of lipid peroxidation. Much less pentane production occurred in animals subjected to global brain ischemia then exposed to an air atmosphere and in animals exposed to a 100% oxygen atmosphere without ischemia. Gerbils placed in 100% oxygen for 3-6 hours after 15 minutes of ischemia also had a threefold increase in 14-day mortality compared with gerbils subjected to ischemia and then placed in an air atmosphere. These findings raise a serious question about the use of oxygen-enriched atmospheres during reperfusion following ischemia.
Animals↗
Effects of smoking and age on serum levels of immune reactive proteins.
In patients with head and neck squamous carcinoma, prior studies demonstrating correlations among levels of certain immunosuppressive acute phase proteins, tumor extent, and immune reactivity suggest that these protein levels may be useful parameters for assessing tumor status and clinical course after treatment. Because of the consistent association of chronic smoking with the development of cancers of the head and neck, the effects of smoking and age on levels of acute phase proteins (alpha 1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein) and other immune reactive proteins (alpha 2HS-glycoprotein, prealbumin) were determined in smoking and nonsmoking normal subjects. In smokers, levels of alpha 1-antitrypsin were uniquely and significantly elevated and were not related to smoking extent or age. Levels of haptoglobin increased with smoking extent and age. In comparisons of age- and sex-matched smokers and nonsmokers, levels of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein increased with age among both groups. The demonstration of correlations of levels of immunosuppressive acute phase proteins with smoking extent and age among normal subjects suggests that changes in the levels of these proteins may be related etiologically to the association of smoking and age with the development of head and neck cancers.
Adolescent↗