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Biomedical subjects

J F Walter

Publications and source records attributed to J F Walter.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The hairless mouse as a model for evaluating sunscreens. Prevention of ultraviolet B inhibition of epidermal DNA synthesis.

A sunscreen's effectiveness is usually determined by its ability to prevent ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced skin erythema. This criterion requires subjective interpretation. We propose a new method of evaluating sunscreens based on the known effect of UV-B radiation (290 to 320 nm) to inhibit DNA synthesis. Using hairless mice, we found that sulisobenzone (Uval) and aminobenzoic acid (PreSun) sunscreens differ substantially in their ability to prevent inhibition of epidermal cell DNA synthesis by UV-B radiation. By estimating the UV-B dose required to inhibit DNA synthesis by 50%, with and without sunscreen, a protective factor of 5.6 and 14.4 was calculated for sulisobenzone and aminobenzoic acid, respectively. This technique is an objective way to evaluate sunscreen effectiveness and could be a useful screening procedure for sunscreen preparations before final efficacy testing in humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Psoriasis improved by anthracene with near ultraviolet light.

Anthracene with near ultraviolet (UV) light (UVA, 320--400 nm) has been shown previously to inhibit epidermal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis and mitosis. This suggested that the combination of anthracene and UVA light could suppress the rapidly proliferating epidermis of psoriasis. In this preliminary clinical study, anthracene plus UVA light improved psoriasis as shown by thinning of plaques and decreased scale in four of five patients, with complete or almost complete clearing in two of these four patients. These findings indicate that anthracene with UVA light might be helpful in the control of psoriasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Localized cystic disease of the kidney: angiographic-pathologic correlation.

Each of the three patients with a type of unilateral, localized cystic disease of the kidney that did not fit into a specific category of existing classifications had numerous cysts involving a part of one kidney. Selective angiography showed stretching of arteries around cysts that remained radiolucent in the nephrographic phase, and microscopic examination demonstrated that septa among the cysts contained compressed renal elements. The condition appeared to be neither progressive nor familial. All three had hypertension. Two patients who had nephrectomy for the cystic lesion became normotensive postnephrectomy. Despite some morphologic resemblances, this condition is believed to be different from adult type polycystic kidney disease in its clinical and genetic aspects.

Angiography↗
PubMed1979

Pigmentation of osteoma cutis caused by tetracycline.

Blue nodules developed in the skin of a patient with acne concomitant with the start of tetracycline therapy. When removed, these nodules were brown and histologic examination revealed a lamellate structure compatible with bone. Under ultraviolet light, these osteomas fluoresced yellow, indicating the presence of tetracycline. This suggests that tetracycline, combined with new bone formation, causes pigmentation of osteoma cutis.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1978

Therapeutic angiography. Its value to the surgical patient.

Standard angiographic techniques formerly used exclusively as diagnostic modalities have been modified to serve as definitive or adjunctive therapeutic measured. The techniques include transcatheter embolization; infusion of vasoactive drugs, chemotherapeutic agents and radioactive particles; tamponade of bleeding arteries and balloon catheters; extraction of vascular foreign bodies and retained biliary tract stones and transluminal arterial dilation. These techniques have been proved effective and safe when used judiciously.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Suppression of epidermal proliferation by ultraviolet light, coal tar and anthralin.

360 nm ultraviolet light (UVA) plus coal tar depresses mitosis and DNA synthesis in epidermal cells. UVA has no effect by itself. In some models coal tar alone can partially depress DNA synthesis. 254 nm ultraviolet light (UVC) and 290--320 nm ultraviolet light (UVB) do not enhance depression of DNA synthesis by coal tar. Dithranol will suppress mitosis and DNA synthesis of epidermal cells but there appears to be no photo-activation by UVA. Dithranol suppression and suppression of DNA synthesis by UVB or UVC are additive when used together.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Transcatheter embolization for lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Transcatheter embolization was performed in 7 patients with lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Hemorrhage was controlled in each of the 5 actively and massively bleeding patients but recurred after several months in 2 patients who had bled intermittently from vascular dysplasias. The authors recommend preoperative angiographic localization of the bleeding site in almost all cases of major lower gastrointestinal bleeding. When the cause and bleeding site have been identified, it seems reasonable to exploit the therapeutic potential of the angiographic catheter already in place: indeed, surgery may be obviated. If embolism fails or ischemic sequelae develop, partial colectomy can still be performed. Further long-term follow-up will be necessary before the role of transcatheter embolization can be definitively assessed.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Giant mediastinal lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman's disease): angiographic and clinical features.

The angiographic and clinical features of two cases of mediastinal angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman's disease) are presented. The masses were angiographically and microscopically extremely hypervascular. Both patients had profuse bleeding at initial surgery. In one patient, angiographic embolization after an initial attempt at resection made complete excision possible. These lesions behave in a benign fashion, and complete surgical excision is curative.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

External iliac artery fibrodysplasia.

Clinical and arteriographic features of 12 patients with external iliac artery fibrodysplasia are reviewed. These lesions usually occur in patients having arterial fibrodysplasia elsewhere, attesting to the fact that they represent a generalized arteriopathy. Occasionally they occur in association with severe atherosclerosis. External iliac artery fibrodysplasia exhibits the classic corrugated "string-of-beads" angiographic appearance in the majority of patients. The pattern of aneurysmal dilatation of the external iliac arteries in one patient and the aorta and common iliac and internal iliac arteries in another with diffuse arterial fibrodysplasia has not been previously reported. Three patients had symptoms directly referable to external iliac artery fibrodysplasia. The lesions may be symptomatic when the arterial lumen is sufficiently compromised to reduce blood flow or when superimposed thrombosis and/or embolization occurs.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Anthracene with near ultraviolet light inhibiting epidermal proliferation.

Anthracene plus near ultraviolet (UV) light (UV-A, 320 to 400 nm) suppresses DNA synthesis and mitosis in mouse epidermis. Ultraviolet-A light or anthracene alone does not have any effect. There is no photoactivation of anthracene to enhance depression of DNA synthesis by either UV-B (290 to 320 nm) or UV-C (254 nm) light. While methoxsalen with UV-A light inhibits DNA synthesis, the phototoxic drugs chlorpromazine hydrochloride and demethylchlortetracycline do not. The combination of anthracene plus UV-A light may have therapeutic effectiveness for psoriasis with less potential for photocarcinogenesis than psoralens plus UV-A light.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Crude coal tar plus near ultraviolet light suppresses DNA synthesis in epidermis.

Crude coal tar and a refined product, when they are combined with near ultraviolet (UV) light (UVA, 320-400 nm), depress DNA synthesis in vivo in normal and proliferating skin of the hairless mouse. Near ultraviolet light alone does not interfere with DNA synthesis, but coal tar without UVA does have an inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis of normal skin. This effect of coal tar without UVA is not as great as the effect of the combination of UVA and coal tar. Between 0.9 and 1.6 joules/sq cm of UVA are required for its biologic effect on DNA synthesis in coal-tar-treated skin.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Angiography of massive hemorrhage secondary to pancreatic diseases.

Twenty patients with massive abdominal hemorrhage related to chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic neoplasms and arteriovenous malformations were studied angiographically. Abdominal hemorrhage drained most frequently into the gastrointestinal tract, but also flowed through cutaneous drain sites and fistulas, intraperitoneally, into pseudocysts and once into a large pancreatic tumor. The most common angiographic observation in pancreatitis was pseudoaneurysm formation. Both patients with arteriovenous malformation had dilated, racemose feeding arteries and early dense filling of the draining veins. Three patients had pancreatic carcinoma and documented bleeding from gastroesophageal varices related to portal or splenic vein occlusion by the tumor. Five patients were treated by vasopressin infusion, balloon tamponade, or therapeutic embolization.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Angiography of pancreatic arteriovenuos malformation.

Three cases of pancreatic arteriovenous malformation are presented. This entity is known to be a part of Osler-Weber-Rendu disease. However, asymptomatic pancreatic arteriovenous malformation also occurs. The angiographic features are specific and consistent of dilated and tortuous feeding arteries, racemose intrapancreatic vascular network, and early filling veins. Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage is a frequent complication. The importance of preoperative localization of the lesion and postoperative confirmation of complete resection by angiography is stressed.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗