Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J F Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to J F Schmidt.

67 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The effect of sodium citrate on the pH and the amount of gastric contents before general anaesthesia.

Sixty patients were prospectively studied with respect to the volume and pH of their gastric contents after allocation to one of three preoperative treatments. All patients received diazepam (Apozepam) 5 mg the night before operation and 10 mg at 06.30 on the morning of operation. One group received sodium citrate solution 50 ml perorally at 06.30, 75-370 min before operation. A second group received water 50 ml perorally at 06.30, 100-405 min before operation. The third group received 50 ml water at 06.30 and 50 ml sodium citrate solution perorally just before admission to the operation theatre, 15-50 min before aspiration. Statistical analysis showed elevated pH and volume of gastric contents in the group receiving water in the morning and sodium citrate solution just before admission to the operating theatre immediately after induction of anaesthesia. There was no statistically significant difference of pH and aspirated volume between the group receiving water and the group receiving sodium citrate at 06.30.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Rectal diazepam compared to intramuscular pethidine/promethazine/chlorpromazine with regard to gastric contents in paediatric anaesthesia.

Sixty children, aged 1-12 years, were investigated with regard to gastric pH and volume before general anaesthesia. Thirty children (group D) received diazepam 0.75 mg/kg b.w. rectally 1 h before anaesthesia. Thirty children (group L) received a "lytic cocktail" (pethidine 28 mg, promethazine 7 mg, chlorpromazine 7 mg per ml) 0.05 ml/kg b.w. intramuscularly 1 h before anaesthesia. The pH values were significantly higher and the amount of gastric juice was significantly lower in group L compared to group D. The number of children in group L with gastric juice volume exceeding 0.4 ml/kg and the number of children with pH less than 2.5 was significantly smaller compared to group D. The number of children with both gastric pH less than 2.5 and gastric juice volume greater than 0.4 ml/kg was significantly smaller in the group receiving "lytic cocktail" intramuscularly compared to the group receiving diazepam rectally. Bile-stained gastric contents was not related to the gastric pH.

Child↗
PubMed1984

The effect of metoclopramide on gastric contents after preoperative ingestion of sodium citrate.

Because sodium citrate is known to increase both gastric pH and gastric volume while metoclopramide decreases gastric volume, we evaluated, in a double-blind randomized study, the effect of combining metoclopramide with sodium citrate on gastric pH and volume after induction of anesthesia in 60 female patients to determine whether gastric pH could be increased at the same time that gastric volume was decreased. All patients received 50-ml sodium citrate. To mimic standard anesthetic practice, all patients were premedicated: 20 patients received meperidine alone, 20 received meperidine plus 20-mg metoclopramide, and 20 received diazepam plus 20-mg metoclopramide. Metoclopramide failed to decrease median gastric volume or to increase the number of patients with gastric volumes less than 25 ml. There was no difference in median pH values in the three groups of patients. In patients receiving metoclopramide, the risk of pH values less than 2.5 was greater with gastric volumes less than 25 ml than in patients with volumes greater than or equal to 25 ml. We conclude that preoperative metoclopramide does not decrease gastric volume in patients premedicated with meperidine or diazepam and that when gastric volume was less than 25 ml the neutralizing effect of sodium citrate was lost.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Peroral diazepam compared with parenteral morphine/scopolamine with regard to gastric content.

In a prospective study, 62 adult patients were studied with respect to the volume and pH of their gastric contents after receiving randomly one of three different premedications. One group received flunitrazepam 2 mg perorally on the night before operation and diazepam 0.2 mg per kg body weight perorally at 7.00 a.m. on the day of operation. The patients in the second group were given flunitrazepam 2 mg perorally the night before operation and morphine/scopolamine i.m. 1 h prior to operation. In the third group no flunitrazepam was given on the night before operation, and the patients were premedicated with morphine/scopolamine i.m. 1 h preoperatively. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups with respect to the volume and pH of gastric contents after induction of anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Surgical treatment of bony ankylosis in a child using a composite cartilage-bone iliac crest graft.

A previously unreported approach to the treatment of temporomandibular ankylosis in the child is reported. The procedure involves using the iliac crest and fixing it to the zygomatic portion of the temporal bone, with the cartilagenous portion facing the stump of the mandibular ramus. The procedure is easier to accomplish than a costochondral graft, does not require maxillomandibular fixation, and offers the possibility of appositional growth. In our case, opening has been maintained and growth sustained in a five-year-old child for 18 months without physiotherapy.

Ankylosis↗