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Biomedical subjects

J F Roberts

Publications and source records attributed to J F Roberts.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1965

Haemorrhagic smallpox. I. Preliminary haematological studies.

In an investigation of specific haematological defects that might account for the haemorrhagic diathesis in certain smallpox patients, 93 patients with haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic forms of the disease were subjected to a variety of bleeding and coagulation studies. The findings indicate that smallpox patients with no clinical evidence of haemorrhage have no significant clotting defects although many have decreased platelets and clot retraction abnormality. Patients with the late haemorrhagic form of smallpox consistently show thrombocytopenia and associated abnormalities in the bleeding time, tourniquet test and clot retraction; some also have slightly depressed specific prothrombin activity.Patients with the severe, and uniformly fatal, early haemorrhagic form have severe thrombocytopenia, a marked decrease in specific prothrombin activity and prolongation of the prothrombin complex times. They also have a marked prolongation of the thrombin time, suggesting the presence of a circulating antithrombin.Both early and late haemorrhagic smallpox patients also have a marked abnormality of prothrombin consumption, indicating impaired plasma thromboplastin production. This finding could be explained by the thrombocytopenia present in all haemorrhagic cases.

Blood Coagulation Disorders↗
PubMed1965

Haemorrhagic smallpox. 2. Specific bleeding and coagulation studies.

A total of 60 patients in Madras with haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic clinical forms of smallpox were investigated by a variety of bleeding and coagulation studies in an attempt to reveal specific haematological defects that might account for the haemorrhagic diathesis in certain cases of smallpox.The non-haemorrhagic smallpox patients had no coagulation abnormalities, although some had thrombocytopenia.The early haemorrhagic patients showed a deficiency of platelets, prothrombin and accelerator globulin, and increased circulating antithrombin. Patients with the late form of haemorrhagic smallpox showed significant thrombocytopenia and less severe deficiencies of the same coagulation factors; a few also had increased antithrombin.The authors suggest that therapy with fresh, frozen or lyophilized plasma should be tried; fresh, platelet-rich plasma should offer the greatest benefit.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro cytotoxicity of an Alcaligenes faecalis and its relationship in in vivo tracheal pathologic changes in turkeys.

Two isolates of Alcaligenes faecalis from turkeys with respiratory disease were indistinguishable physically, biochemically, and for specific agglutinating antibodies. The isolates differed in in vitro cytotoxicity for turkey tracheal organ cultures and in ability to induce clinical rhinotracheitis in poults. The isolate designated NCDp induced in vitro cytotoxic changes in turkey tracheal organ cultures. Additionally, poults inoculated with NCDp developed severe clinical signs of rhinotracheitis, flaccid (collapsing) trachea, bacterial colonization of the cilia, and degeneration and loss of the columnar epithelium from the anterior one third to one half of the trachea. The isolate designated NCDm induced little or no cytotoxic changes in turkey tracheal organ culture. Isolate NCDm caused mild clinical signs of rhinotracheitis and colonized the trachea of inoculated poults, but it caused no other observable changes. A correlation seems to exist between in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo pathogenicity for these isolates of A. faecalis.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

How important are techniques? The empathic approach to working with children.

The author presents behavior management as essentially anxiety management, not alone in the child but in ourselves as well. Behaviorist and humanist psychologies are discussed. The author is critical of the teaching that behavior management can be taught as a technique: if a specific management technique is used, the child will behave in a certain way. Several techniques are discussed. Voice control and facial expression are discussed. Physical restraints are considered and their use discussed, along with their long-term effects. Empathy is discussed at length.

Behavior Therapy↗