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Biomedical subjects

J F Pedersen

Publications and source records attributed to J F Pedersen.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Fetal growth delay in threatened abortion: an ultrasound study.

Out of 255 patients with threatened abortion 67 gave a regular menstrual history and at ultrasound examination had a live fetus with a crown-rump length (CRL) of 10-65 mm, equivalent to a gestational age of 7-13 weeks. The CRL of these fetuses was smaller than expected from their menstrual age (P less than 0.01). For this phenomenon we suggest the term early fetal growth delay. Seven patients aborted and one experienced intrauterine fetal death. These eight fetuses had on average smaller CRL than the remainder 59 fetuses (P less than 0.05). Fetal growth delay may therefore be considered a risk factor in threatened abortion.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1982

Fetal crown-rump length measurement by ultrasound in normal pregnancy.

Fetal crown-rump length (CRL) was determined by ultrasound in 105 healthy pregnant women. Each fetus was measured two to four times between the 7th and 14th week, giving a total of 300 observations. The descriptive curve of CRL as a function of age was very similar to those published by others. The longitudinally collected observations showed that CRL in female fetuses was significantly smaller compared with that in male fetuses (P less than 0.01). There was no demonstrable effect of maternal age, height or parity on fetal CRL. Measurement of CRL enables assessment of gestational age to within +/- 4-6 days (95% confidence interval), with greatest precision at CRL measurements of 31-40 mm. The discrepancy between ultrasound age as estimated from a CRL measurement and menstrual age may be a variable of prognostic significance in threatened abortion and maternal diabetes.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1981

Early fetal growth delay detected by ultrasound marks increased risk of congenital malformation in diabetic pregnancy.

Ninety-nine insulin-dependent diabetic women with regular menstrual histories were examined by ultrasonic scanning in the seventh to 14th weeks of pregnancy. As judged by the crown-rump length 38 fetuses were smaller than normal. The term early growth delay is suggested for this phenomenon. Nine fetuses had major congenital malformations, and seven of them were smaller than normal in early pregnancy (p less than 0.02). The risk of fetal malformation in diabetic pregnancy increases with the severity of the diabetes. Early fetal growth delay is apparently another risk marker, in this series indicating a risk of 18% (7/38). The combination of severe maternal diabetes (White's classes D and F) and early growth delay yielded a risk of major congenital malformation of 27% (6/22). These observations suggest a common mechanism behind early growth delay and induction of abnormal embryogenesis (and maybe even fetal death). The mechanism is unknown but probably influenced by the quality of regulation of diabetes.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1981

Intrauterine haematoma. An ultrasonic study of threatened abortion.

Ultrasonic scanning in patients with symptoms of threatened abortion occasionally revealed an echo-free area between the membranes and the uterine wall. The echo-free area was found in patients at 11 to 20 weeks gestation who had a live fetus and is believed to represent blood. Seven smaller haematomas of less than 35 ml gradually disappeared and the pregnancies continued until term. Three patients who had haematomas of more than 50 ml subsequently aborted or had a premature delivery.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1980

Ultrasonic scanning in suspected ectopic pregnancy.

A consecutive series of 103 ultrasound examinations for suspected ectopic pregnancy is presented. The positive ultrasound diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy was based on the demonstration of fetal heart activity outside the uterus and was correct in four out of four cases. The exclusion of ectopic pregnancy was correct in 71 out of 72 cases. Among 24 patients with an ultrasound report of possible ectopic pregnancy five patients were confirmed to have an ectopic pregnancy. Three patients were lost to follow-up. An echo-free area centrally in the uterus was seen in four out of nine patients with ectopic pregnancy, and may prove useful as a sign of ectopic pregnancy.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Fetal heart rate response to amniocentesis in early pregnancy.

Fetal heart rate (FHR) was studied during 14 consecutive amniocenteses in the 15th to 16th week of gestation by means of an ultrasound FHR monitor making beat to beat registration. FHR was monitored for 15 min prior to amniocentesis and 30 min after the procedure. The amount of fluid aspirated varied between 20 and 30 ml. In seven amniocenteses the fetuses reacted with reduced fetal heart rate variability, "silent pattern". The beat to beat variation fell from a level of 15-20 beats per min to 0-1 beat per min, starting four minutes after the amniocentesis, and lasting for two minutes. This pattern was never seen in the baseline study periods prior to amniocentesis (p < 0.01). The most likely explanation for this new observation seems to be that some fetuses are influenced by the reduction of amniotic fluid and stay immobile for some time.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Monoamniotic twins diagnosed by ultrasound in the first trimester.

A case of monoamniotic twins was diagnosed by ultrasonic scanning in the first trimester through the presence of two fetuses in one gestation sac. The fetuses died in utero in weeks 17 and 25. The possible ultrasound appearance of the various types of monozygotic and of dizygotic twins in early pregnancy is discussed and a scheme is suggested which allows some differentiation.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Early growth retardation in diabetic pregnancy.

Thirty-five insulin-dependent diabetic women with reliable menstrual histories were examined by ultrasonic scanning in the 7th-14th weeks of pregnancy. Judged from crown-to-rump length the fetuses were on average 5.4 days smaller than those in a local normal series. Ten of the fetuses were nine days or more smaller than normal and had a lower mean birth weight than the others, though the mean gestational age was similar. Maternal diabetes was not more severe in this group, but only two of the mothers had attended a special hospital for control of their disease as compared with 19 of the remainder. Although babies of diabetic mothers are often overweight, there appears to be a subgroup of cases in which fetal growth is retarded early in pregnancy, leading to low birth weight and possibly a higher incidence of congenital malformations.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Ultrasound visualization of the human yolk sac.

Ultrasound scanning in early pregnancy sometimes reveals a 2-5 mm spheric structure lying adjacent to the fetus. The occurrence of this structure was studied in 60 consecutive ultrasound examinations. In the 7th to 9th weeks the sphere was seen in 19 of 22 examinations, and in the 10th and 11th weeks it was seen in 10 of 20 examinations. The sphere was not demonstrated in any of 18 examinations in the 12th to 14th weeks. It is believed that the spheric structure is the yolk sac.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Single and multiple beam echocardiography in aortic valve endocarditis. Report of three cases.

Three patients with aortic valve endocarditis were studied. The single beam M-mode echocardiographic findings comprised the appearance in diastole of a cluster of shaggy echoes at the aortic valve in all three patients. Mitral flutter was seen in two patients and premature closure of the mitral valve in one patient. At multiple beam two-dimensional echocardiography, the echo cluster could in all three patients be seen to move perpendicular to the sound beams, ascending into the aorta in systole and descending in diastole. At valve replacement, vegetations were found that explained the abnormal echo cluster. The multiple beam echocardiography facilitated the interpretation of the single beam findings and increased the confidence therein. By applying the non-invasive modality of echocardiography in these patients with their high risk of embolism, cardiac catheterization may possibly be avoided.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Intrauterine injection of vitamin K before the delivery during anticoagulant therapy of the mother.

The coagulation factors PP% (Factors II+IV), factor IX and factor X were determined in infants born by mothers receiving anticoagulants. The factors were very low when the mothers did not receive vitamin K before the delivery. No significant improvement in the factors was observed after an intravenous or intraamniotic injection of vitamin K two to four days before the delivery. Vitamin K was injected intramuscularly into four foetuses in utero using an ultrasonic multitransducer scanner. Three of these infants had normal coagulation factors at birth. In the fourth case the factor X was normal and factor IX was significantly better than in the infants of the other groups. The injection had no harmful effects to the infants.

Adult↗