Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J F Osborn.
The authors present an extremely pronounced involvement of the orbita in malignant uveal melanoma with a ten-year course of disease. The results of imaging diagnostics (ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance tomography) are discussed.
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Tricalcium, tetracalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite ceramics exhibit distinct differences in their chemical and structural composition. Only hydroxyapatite ceramic is identical with the original bone mineral. Different preparation methods lead to compact hydroxyapatite ceramic or to porous material with interconnecting macropores as structural equivalents of the spatial structure of cancellous bone. Concerning the behaviour in a biological environment, high crystallinity and large material density result in resistance to dissolution and long lasting stability. Amorphous ultrastructure and porous formation enhance interface activity and bone ingrowth, but also biological degradation of the ceramic implant material.
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Spinal osteochondrosis, previously known as Scheuermann's disease and spinal osteochondritis, is common and is probably becoming increasingly prevalent. Its incidence in patients whose primary complaint was of backache was shown to be twice as great as that in the general population. There was also a significantly higher incidence of lower lumbar spondylosis in patients with previous osteochondrosis compared with those without. Osteochondrosis is thereby shown to be an important aetiological factor in spondylosis.
The efficiency of prophylactically given systemic antibiotics was examined in a double-blind study on 142 patients on an ambulatory basis. It was found that the application of antibiotics do not significantly lower the rate of postoperative infections after the surgical removal of lower third molars.
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The antibiotic therapy of oral infections requires bactericidal concentrations in the oral environment over sufficient time. Comparable determination of antibiotica concentration in the saliva of 8 human volunteers were made after oral application of Amoxycillin and Clindamycin. Only Clindamycin showed inhibitory concentrations.--When pharmacokinetic characteristics and the present status of resistance were considered, Clindamycin is viewed as an antibiotic of choice for oral infections.