Clinical assessment.
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Attitude to Health↗
Biomedical subjects
J F McCord
Publications and source records attributed to J F McCord.
Chairside options for the treatment of complete denture problems associated with the atrophic (flat) mandibular ridge.
This article outlines a number of simple clinical steps which should enable general dental practitioners to diagnose and treat the majority of complete denture problems in patients with atrophic mandibular ridges. The guiding principle is the reduction of forces transmitted to the denture-bearing area via the lower denture. Methods of optimising the size of the denture bases and/or the occlusal tables are discussed and illustrated.
Alveolar Process↗
Students' perceptions of seminar and lecture-based teaching in restorative dentistry.
In an era of self-directed learning, it is important to seek the views of dental students regarding their learning experience. Using an anonymous questionnaire, clinical dental students' perceptions of seminar and lecture-based teaching in restorative dentistry were sought. 116 of 136 questionnaires circulated were returned for analysis giving a response rate of 85%. Clinical seminars as opposed to lectures were, in the opinion of the students, a more effective way of learning, more relevant to self-development and more interactive. Seminar-based learning was considered to be more amenable to self-direction than formal didactic lectures. It is concluded that the students included in this study were found to prefer seminar-based learning opportunities as opposed to more traditional styles of learning, specifically, didactic lectures.
Attitude↗
Perceived aesthetic impact of malocclusion and oral self-perceptions in 14-15-year-old Asian and Caucasian children in greater Manchester.
The aims of this study were to evaluate (i) the effect of ethnicity, social deprivation, and normative orthodontic treatment need on orthodontic aesthetic self-perception, self-perceived need for orthodontic treatment, and oral aesthetic impact of malocclusion; (ii) the effect of ethnicity, social deprivation, and gender on perceived orthodontic treatment need and use of orthodontic services; (iii) the influence of perceived oral aesthetic impact of malocclusion on perceived need and wish for orthodontic treatment; and (iv) whether orthodontic treatment experience influences perceived oral aesthetic impact of malocclusion. A stratified, random sample of 434 14-15-year-old children from schools in Manchester, UK, was obtained. Information was collected on orthodontic aesthetic self-perception and orthodontic treatment experience using a questionnaire. The former data were combined to form an Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Scale (OASIS). Normative orthodontic treatment need was measured with the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Children with higher clinical need for orthodontic treatment perceived themselves as worse off than their peers with lower need. More socially deprived children or those with high IOTN aesthetic component (AC) scores had a higher (i.e. more negative) aesthetic impact (OASIS) score. Asians and females had higher IOTN dental health component (DHC) scores, but a better aesthetic appearance than Caucasians and males. More deprived children were less likely to have received orthodontic treatment. Despite this, OASIS scores were similar between treated and untreated children. Untreated children who wished for orthodontic treatment had higher IOTN AC and OASIS scores.
Adolescent↗
Case report: restorative maintenance of prostheses stabilised by non-endosseous implants.
For over a century, dentists have looked to dental implants to enhance the stability of dental prostheses. During this time, many approaches and different materials have been used. The purpose of this article is to report on two cases where non-endosseous implant systems were used and to outline how the replacement prostheses were customiZed to comply with the different implant types. Intramucosal inserts and sub-periosteal implants are briefly reviewed in the context of current prosthodontic practise. There are still a small number of patients with clinically acceptable intramucosal and subperiosteal implant retained prostheses, which will continue to need servicing and replacement.
Aged↗
The design and use of special trays in prosthodontics: guidelines to improve clinical effectiveness.
This paper looks at how carefully prescribed special trays can be helpful in everyday dental practice. Guidelines are suggested for the design of custom trays, that will, hopefully, lead to improvements in the quality of working impressions.
Dental Impression Materials↗
Procera all-ceramic crowns: a new approach to an old problem?
Increasing patient expectations regarding the appearance of restorations continue to test the ingenuity and skill of the dental team. To this end the quest for sufficiently strong, metal-free, all-ceramic restorations to function in all areas of the mouth continues apace. We report on a possible solution to this problem that uses computer-aided design/computer-aided milling (CAD/CAM) technology coupled with a novel, densely sintered, ceramic material. In this article we offer suggestions for case selection, preparation design, and luting procedures, and in addition illustrate these with a number of completed cases.
Adult↗
Influence of patient age on the nature of tooth fracture.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: There is much controversy in the literature relating the incidence of tooth fracture to patient age. The nature (complete or incomplete) of fracture is one aspect that is frequently reported; however, the results highlight relative differences with respect to age and the inadequacy of the statistic used for analysis. PURPOSE: This study: (1) reviewed the existing literature on the relationship of patient age and nature of tooth fracture, (2) investigated the nature of tooth fractures among attendees of an emergency clinic, and (3) assessed any relationship between nature of fracture and patient age. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From the existing literature, 6 studies were suitable for combined analysis. The study was conducted among subjects attending the Student Emergency Dental Service in the University Dental Hospital of Manchester over a 2-year period, 1995-97. Each study subject had a fractured tooth and was examined by 1 of the authors and data were recorded. RESULTS: Combined analysis showed that the age of patients with incomplete fractures was higher than those with complete fractures (P <.05). A total of 229 patients exhibited complete (n = 263) or incomplete (n = 8) fractures of 271 teeth. Age range of 18 to 47 years demonstrated a skewed distribution with a median of 21 years. There was a statistically significant difference in age distribution between the 2 natures of tooth fracture (P <.05) with incomplete fractures associated with older ages. CONCLUSION: Incomplete tooth fractures are uncommon in students attending an emergency clinic. Complete fractures may occur at any age, while it appears that incomplete fractures are associated with older age groups.
Adolescent↗
Survey of prosthodontic impression procedures for complete dentures in general dental practice in the United Kingdom.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Anecdotal evidence suggests impression techniques used in general dental practice may vary from those taught at dental schools. There is little published information on this topic. PURPOSE: This study identifies the materials and methods used by general dental practitioners for recording impressions for the provision of replacement of complete dentures. METHODS: A total of 905 questionnaires were sent to general dental practitioners in the Greater Manchester area to identify current clinical practices. RESULTS: The results revealed that 88% of respondents use only irreversible hydrocolloid for primary impressions. If multiple responses are included, 99% of respondents mentioned irreversible hydrocolloids as an option for primary impressions. In response to the same question for secondary impressions, 94% of respondents mentioned irreversible hydrocolloids as an option. Other material mentioned as an option for secondary impressions included zinc oxide-eugenol (29%) and polyvinyl siloxane (13%). With regard to special trays, 75% of respondents routinely used laboratory constructed special trays to take definitive impressions. Questions on the requisite spacing, perforation, handle design of special trays, and on disinfection showed a diversity of opinion among practitioners. CONCLUSIONS: Although this survey reflected a diverse range of clinical preferences, it is clear that irreversible hydrocolloid dominates the impression market for complete dentures. The use of special trays is normal practice for complete dentures in general dental practice in the United Kingdom.
Acrylic Resins↗
Alternative use for polyvinyl acetate in the dental laboratory.
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Dental Equipment↗
Predisposing and contributing factors for complete and incomplete tooth fractures.
The rehabilitation of fractured teeth may create problems for both patient and clinician. This paper updates the reader on the many factors that have been implicated in the aetiology of fractures, so highlighting a preventive rather than curative perspective to clinical dentistry.
Age Factors↗
Does the ethnicity of teenage children influence oral self perception and prevalence of dental disease?
AIM: The primary aim was to evaluate the effect of ethnicity, social deprivation and oral health on oral self perceptions of 14-15-year-old Asians and Whites. A secondary aim was to assess the influence of ethnicity and social deprivation on oral treatment need in the same sample. DESIGN: A cross-sectional epidemiological study. DATA SOURCE: A stratified, random sample of 408 14-15-year-old Asian and White children from schools in Manchester. METHOD: Information was collected on oral self perceptions using a questionnaire and on oral treatment need with a clinical examination. RESULTS: Multivariate data analysis revealed that oral treatment need, but not ethnicity or social deprivation, was an important predictive variable with respect to oral self perceptions. Ethnicity was the only variable to influence periodontal treatment need. Social deprivation influenced the level of untreated caries. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Socially deprived children have higher caries levels than their more affluent counterparts and this is evident regardless of ethnic background. 2. Although Asian 14-15-year-old children have a higher periodontal treatment need than Whites, there was no ethnic influence on how they perceive their oral health. 3. Oral treatment need is an important factor with respect to oral self perceptions.
Adolescent↗
A conservative prosthodontic option for the treatment of edentulous patients with atrophic (flat) mandibular ridges.
The purpose of this article is to highlight the clinical problems encountered in the treatment of edentulous patients with atrophic (flat) mandibular ridges. With provision of complete dentures in general dental practice in mind, an impression technique is described and illustrated. The specific objective of the technique discussed is that patients, for whom implant treatment is not a realistic' option, may have improved denture function of their lower complete dentures.
Atrophy↗
Geroprosthodontics: The Nijmegen and Manchester Dental Schools approach.
If quality of care for elderly patients is to be achieved, thorough and realistic geroprosthodontic treatment planning is essential. This requires mature consideration, incorporating comprehensive patient assessment and selection of the most appropriate treatment option for each patient. The latter should be based on criteria which meet the demands of a healthy dentition and which enable a patient to achieve satisfactory oral function. The Nijmegen and Manchester Dental Schools have evolved simple patient-related treatment guidelines. These start with a problem-oriented approach which leads to a provisional treatment. The provisional treatment is intended to result in a healthy dentition that is monitored over an appropriate period. Evaluation of the provisional treatment leads to three options: extension of the monitoring time, preservation of the natural occlusion or loss of the natural occlusion. Definitive prosthodontic treatment plans are based on the second or third option. In the maintenance of good oral health after prosthodontic treatments, plaque and diet control are essential elements. Recall or maintenance programmes must be carried out if successful treatment is to be achieved and maintained.
Aged↗
The incidence of temporomandibular disorder signs in patients wearing complete dentures compared to patients with a natural dentition.
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of signs of a temporomandibular disorder in patients wearing complete upper and lower dentures and to compare this to the incidence of signs in dental out-patients with a natural dentition. One hundred and sixty patients were assessed using a questionnaire and clinical examination. The results showed statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding the presence of temporomandibular disorder signs, the dentate group having a higher incidence (P < .04).
Adult↗
Trends in publications on clinical techniques/materials 1971-1991.
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American Dental Association↗
Allergy to latex gloves in clinical practice: case reports.
With increasing incidence of glove wearing by dental health care workers, there are also increased reports of associated dermatological problems. Among these are Type IV allergic reactions, such as contact urticaria, and Type I severe reactions. Patients may also be affected. Three cases of adverse patient reactions to latex or chemicals involved in latex manufacture are reported. Principal areas affected were circumoral and facial skin and the upper lip. A potential adverse reaction was avoided for a third patient following history taking, which identified an adverse reaction to a rubber swimming cap.
Adult↗
Provision of domiciliary care in a UK urban area: results of a survey.
A proportion of the population is unable to attend a dentist for treatment and it is therefore essential that an adequate domiciliary service is available. The availability of such a service was evaluated by means of a postal questionnaire distributed to 180 dentists practising in Manchester. The response rate was 57.8%. The results indicated that domiciliary care was provided by 84.6% of respondents, with the mean number of domiciliary patients treated per month being 2.9. Appointments for domiciliary care were arranged outside normal working hours by 65.9% of respondents and by arranging specific time periods by 43.2% of respondents. In general, domiciliary care was limited to prosthetic treatment, extractions, scaling and polishing, and simple restorations. A statistical association was found between number of years since graduation and the provision of domiciliary care.
Age Factors↗