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Biomedical subjects

J F Forbes

Publications and source records attributed to J F Forbes.

84 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The application of clinical trials to solid tumour management: an introduction.

This paper discusses the relevance of clinical trials to the management of solid tumours. It introduces the types of clinical trials, the requirements for patient assessment, and an overall strategy for importance of statistical and ethical considerations is discussed. There is an invitation for practising surgeons to participate in trials relevant to their speciality. The necessay framework and requirements for a clinical protocol are discussed separately in the following paper.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Guidelines for planning clinical trials.

This paper outlines the necessary steps involved in setting up and administering a clinical trial. The importance of adequate preparation, with careful definition of priorities and objectives, is emphasized. Guidelines for writing a clinical protocol are discussed in detail, as well as aids to deal with the running of the study, statistical planning, and presentation of results. The principle of different types of study, methods of patient assessment, and an overall plan of study, have already been introduced in the preceding paper.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1972

Analysis of HL-A antigens in patients with Hodgkin's disease and their families.

The HL-A phenotypes of 127 patients with Hodgkin's disease have been determined. A very significant association has been found between Hodgkin's disease and two HL-A antigens, HL-A11 (P < 0.009), and W5 (P < < 0.0005). The families of 40 of these patients were genotyped for HL-A antigens. A normal mendelian segregation of the relevant antigen was found in all 12 families of HL-All positive patients and in 6 of 8 families of W5 positive patients. These findings suggest that certain Hodgkin's patients have a genetically determined susceptibility to their disease. It is postulated that this susceptibility could be due to linkage between HL-A genes and genes controlling immune responsiveness. Analysis of subgroups of Hodgkin's patients based on age, sex, and pathology suggests that these HL-A associations are most marked in certain subgroups.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A classification of Scottish infants using latent class analysis.

This paper illustrates the use of latent class analysis to classify 50,000 infants into a small number of classes or case types, as a preliminary to a study of the allocation of neonatal hospital resources throughout Scotland. Information, extracted from a detailed neonatal discharge record, was summarized by 11 clinical and diagnostic catagorical variables. Statistical models incorporating 1 to 6 latent classes were then estimated using the EM algorithm. The 4 class model was chosen because it provided a good description of the data and the resulting classes had a medical interpretation. The factors influencing the choice of model are discussed and goodness of fit tests are presented. The stability of the classes was also investigated using random halves of the data and an earlier comparable data set.

Classification↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Results of the ATAC (Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination) trial after completion of 5 years' adjuvant treatment for breast cancer.

The standard adjuvant endocrine treatment for postmenopausal women with hormone-receptor-positive localised breast cancer is 5 years of tamoxifen, but recurrences and side-effects restrict its usefulness. The aromatase inhibitor anastrozole was compared with tamoxifen for 5 years in 9366 postmenopausal women with localised breast cancer. After a median follow-up of 68 months, anastrozole significantly prolonged disease-free survival (575 events with anastrozole vs 651 with tamoxifen, hazard ratio 0.87, 95% CI 0.78-0.97, p=0.01) and time-to-recurrence (402 vs 498, 0.79, 0.70-0.90, p=0.0005), and significantly reduced distant metastases (324 vs 375, 0.86, 0.74-0.99, p=0.04) and contralateral breast cancers (35 vs 59, 42% reduction, 12-62, p=0.01). Almost all patients have completed their scheduled treatment, and fewer withdrawals occurred with anastrozole than with tamoxifen. Anastrozole was also associated with fewer side-effects than tamoxifen, especially gynaecological problems and vascular events, but arthralgia and fractures were increased. Anastrozole should be the preferred initial treatment for postmenopausal women with localised hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer.

Anastrozole↗