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Biomedical subjects

J F Connolly

Publications and source records attributed to J F Connolly.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Closed reduction of tibial plateau fractures. A comparison of functional and roentgenographic end results.

One hundred tibial plateau fractures in 96 patients were treated at three teaching hospitals. Seventy-three fractures were treated by closed reduction and early mobilization of the knee using a cast brace. Twelve fractures in this group also had percutaneous pin fixation under fluoroscopic control. The end results were graded by clinical functional criteria and by roentgenographic criteria. Eighty-nine percent of the patients treated by closed reduction methods had good to excellent functional results with a low complication rate (12%). Observations based on long-term roentgenographic examinations did not correlate with the functional end results. Many patients with less than satisfactory roentgenographic results had good to excellent functional long-term results. The indications for operative stabilization of these fractures should be based on testing for knee stability in full extension, rather than on any arbitrary roentgenographic criteria. For unstable fractures, closed reduction using ligamentotaxis and percutaneous fixation supplemented by cast brace support proved effective and relatively free of complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Laterality of pain in migraine distinguished by interictal rates of habituation of electrodermal responses to visual and auditory stimuli.

Support is provided for a primary neural factor in migraine by studies in autonomic responsiveness to sensory stimuli in relation to the laterality of pain. Migraineurs with consistently lateralised headaches were found in two studies to exhibit extremes of autonomic responsiveness to sensory stimuli during the interictal phase. The direction of responsiveness was predictive of the laterality of pain; left-sided pain was associated with under-responsiveness and fast habituation, right-sided pain with over-responsiveness and slow habituation. Bipolarity in rate of habituation is consistent with a defect in a regulatory mechanism that controls regional cerebral activation such as the diffuse thalamic projection system.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1987

Closed management of distal femoral fractures.

Since closed treatment is effective in 80% to 85% of distal femoral fractures, operative intervention is not recommended. Unnecessary surgery produces unwarranted complications. The cast-brace technique should be used in the first week or two after injury to prevent deformities commonly associated with distal femoral fractures. The thigh cast should be carefully molded well over the femoral condyles. Distal femoral traction is preferred to proximal tibial traction to correct fracture deformities. If the closed reduction technique is not satisfactory in the early period after injury, operative intervention can still be readily accomplished. Percutaneous pin fixation of the condyles or intramedullary load-sharing devices are the treatment of choice for the very limited number of fractures that require open reduction and internal fixation.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1986

Vascular reorganization and return of rigidity in fracture healing.

The present study addresses the relationship between vascular reorganization and the biomechanical changes occurring during canine long bone fracture healing. A middiaphyseal osteotomy of the radius was performed, and angiographic studies were carried out using India ink injections from 2 to 12 weeks postosteotomy. The radii were harvested, subjected to nondestructive four-point bend testing on an Instron, and then sectioned and cleared according to the Spaltholtz technique. The observed microangiographic patterns were correlated with the calculated rigidity values. Quantitative bone blood flow measurements around the osteotomy were performed on a different group of animals, using the radiotracer microsphere technique, at 3, 6, and 9 weeks postosteotomy to correlate with our qualitative microangiographic results. We demonstrated a direct and predictable relationship between the phase of vascular reorganization and the rigidity. This correlation was present even in our delayed union specimens.

Angiography↗
PubMed1986

Persistent methodological problems with evoked potential augmenting-reducing.

Evoked potential (EP) amplitudes are known to be influenced by changes in the intensity of a visual stimulus. These EP amplitude-intensity functions have been linked to a wide variety of personality characteristics and neuro- and psychopathological conditions. Those individuals whose EP amplitudes increase in response to increasing stimulus intensity have been termed Augmenters while those exhibiting no amplitude increases or actual amplitude decrements have been referred to as Reducers. Serious methodological problems have been found with many of the procedures of evoked potential augmenting-reducing. Recently, new explanations for the EP augmenting-reducing phenomenon have been offered and attempts to counter some of our criticisms of augmenting-reducing methodology. Their report is itself characterized by a variety of problems. These problems together with those generally prevalent in the augmenting-reducing literature are discussed.

Evoked Potentials, Visual↗
PubMed1986

Epiphyseal traction to correct acquired growth deformities. An animal and clinical investigation.

In a canine model with a transepiphyseal distal femoral fracture, varus deformity was corrected and the arrested limb was lengthened using transphyseal traction (turnbuckle). Correction was possible without removing the transphyseal bone bridge operatively. Subsequent growth was not adversely affected in most animals. Based on this study, two patients with significant growth deformities secondary to an enchondroma were treated by epiphyseal traction. Although correction was achieved initially, both lost the length previously gained because of premature removal of the external fixator and/or subsequent early growth plate closure.

Animals↗