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Biomedical subjects

J F Burris

Publications and source records attributed to J F Burris.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Iatrogenic hand injuries in outpatients.

Potentially serious iatrogenic hand injuries occurred in three patients in a general medicine practice. All resulted from technologic advances in patient care. Each resulted in substantial economic and emotional costs. One patient sustained a serious residual disability. Such injuries have rarely been reported in the past, but advances in medical technology and changes in reimbursement patterns may make outpatient iatrogenic hand injuries increasingly common. Physicians must be alert to such injuries.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Comparative tolerability of labetalol versus propranolol, atenolol, pindolol, metoprolol, and nadolol.

The side-effect profile of labetalol was assessed in 34 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension who had previously experienced side effects during beta-blocker therapy. The most frequently reported beta-blocker side effects were fatigue, impotence, cold extremities, and depression. After discontinuing their previous beta-blocker for 4 weeks, labetalol was titrated (100-400 mg b.i.d.) to achieve blood pressure control. Twenty-seven of 34 patients did not have a recurrence of a beta-blocker related side effect while receiving labetalol. The most common new side effect with labetalol was dizziness (3 patients). As judged by the attending physician and the patient, labetalol was better tolerated than conventional beta-blocker therapy in 30 of 34 patients (88%). Twenty-four of 34 patients (71%) preferred labetalol over previous therapy. Labetalol controlled blood pressure in 30 of 34 patients (88%). At equal antihypertensive doses, some side effects common to beta-blockers are seen less frequently with labetalol.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1986

Regulation of renin secretion in conscious adrenalectomized rats with glucocorticoid-induced hypertension.

The effect of adrenalectomy on renin secretion was investigated in conscious rats with glucocorticoid-induced hypertension. Adrenalectomized and sham-operated rats were made hypertensive with methylprednisolone acetate (20 mg/kg s.c. once/week X 2 weeks) supplemented with deoxycorticosterone pivalate (10 mg/kg s.c. once/week X 2 weeks). During the 2 week developmental phase of hypertension, tap water or isotonic saline was given as drinking fluid to respectively 10 and 13 adrenalectomized rats and 10 and 11 sham-operated rats. On the day of the acute administration of captopril or vehicle there was no significant difference in body weight, mean blood pressure, heart rate, serum electrolytes and plasma norepinephrine levels between the 4 groups of rats. Circulating epinephrine could not be detected in adrenalectomized rats. Plasma renin activity was markedly higher in adrenalectomized rats than in the sham-operated rats even after sodium supplementation. Captopril (10 mg/kg i.v.) produced no significant blood pressure lowering effect in rats given tap water to drink, either adrenalectomized (n = 11) or sham-operated (n = 10). These findings indicate that the activation of the renin-angiotensin system in adrenalectomized rats with glucocorticoid-induced hypertension is not directly mediated by the development of adrenal failure. They also show that the maintenance of high blood pressure in this form of experimental hypertension is not significantly enhanced when renin secretion is stimulated by adrenalectomy.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1985

Cardiac mass in glucocorticoid-hypertensive rats with and without circulating adrenaline.

There is evidence that catecholamines may promote the development of cardiac hypertrophy in hypertension. To test the hypothesis that adrenaline directly determines left ventricular mass, normotensive Wistar rats were made adrenaline-deficient by adrenalectomy and hypertensive by administration of glucocorticoid. Blood pressure, heart rate, and body weight of the adrenalectomised group were not significantly different from a glucocorticoid treated control group with intact adrenals. Heart weight was significantly lower in the adrenalectomised rats, but this difference disappeared when heart weight was adjusted for body weight. It appears therefore that the presence or absence of adrenaline does not significantly affect cardiac mass in the presence of hypertension in this animal model.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1985

Hypertensive emergencies.

Hypertensive emergencies require prompt and aggressive treatment to prevent target organ damage and death. A variety of neurologic, cardiac, renal and other conditions may underlie a hypertensive crisis. A number of highly effective drugs are now available to treat hypertensive crises, including well-known agents like sodium nitroprusside and diazoxide, as well as newer drugs such as nifedipine and captopril. Some older medications have been superseded by newer agents.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1984

Potential medication error with transdermal nitroglycerin.

Long-acting nitroglycerin preparations are a mainstay of therapy of angina pectoris. The trademark name of one such preparation led to the incorrect administration of a similarly named scopolamine preparation to a patient with angina. Physicians and pharmacists must be alert to the potential for medication error inherent in the brand names for these two preparations. The case also illustrates other aspects of the proper use of transdermal nitroglycerin patches.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

Acute volume expansion in humans releases a factor which inhibits the vascular Na+-K+ pump.

The authors previously observed increased Na+-K+ pump inhibitory activity in the plasma of low renin essential hypertensive unselected with respect to renin status. The present experiments were done to determine the effect of acute volume expansion on plasma Na+-K+ pump inhibitory activity in normotensive subjects. The data show that acute volume expansion increases vascular Na+-K+ pump inhibitory activity in plasma, suggesting that the increased level of this inhibitory activity in low essential hypertensives is probably volume dependent. The unique feature of this study is the use of vascular tissue for the bioassay.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Highly sensitive microassay for aldosterone in unextracted plasma: comparison with two other methods.

A direct radioimmunoassay for aldosterone in unextracted plasma was developed using a highly sensitive and specific antiserum and 125I-labeled aldosterone. This new method was compared with the previously used assay based on methylene chloride extraction and column chromatography and with a micromethod utilizing methylene chloride extraction alone. Concentrations of 2 pg/ml aldosterone can be measured in 25 microliter plasma. The within-assay coefficient of variation ranged between 4.0% and 5.3% over a sixfold range of aldosterone concentrations, and the between-assay coefficient of variation ranged between 5.0% and 9.4% over a tenfold range. The correlation coefficients among the three methods varied between 0.97 and 0.99, and results were virtually identical between the new direct and the standard chromatography methods. Normal values on unrestricted salt intake were 68 +/- 28 pg/ml (n = 30, mean +/- SD) in seated humans. In conclusion, this is an extremely simple, truly direct microradioimmunoassay for plasma aldosterone that is accurate over a wide range of plasma concentrations, is exquisitely sensitive, and provides results identical to those obtained with established methods.

Aldosterone↗