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Biomedical subjects

J F Blickle

Publications and source records attributed to J F Blickle.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Biliary elimination of apalcillin in humans.

Apalcillin was administered intravenously as a single 1-g dose on day 8 after surgery to 10 cholecystectomized patients with T-tube drainage. A peak of 2,093 +/- standard error of the mean 859 micrograms/ml of bile was attained at 3 h after dosage. Biliary recovery over a 12-h period amounted to 12.2% of the dose. In 20 patients undergoing biliary surgery, apalcillin concentrations 1 h after a 1-g dose were 65.5 +/- 5.0, 3,680 +/- 551, and 2,552 +/- 627 micrograms/ml in serum, choledochal bile, and gallbladder bile, respectively.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1984

[Bromocriptine and the growth hormone response to thyroliberin in the insulin-dependent diabetic].

The effect of bromocriptine on growth hormone (GH) responses to TRH was studied in 14 insulin-dependent diabetics. The effect of this dopaminomimetic agent was inconstant. In the 6 patients with inadequate responses of GH to TRH, bromocriptine inhibited this response. Inversely, it appeared capable of stimulating a GH response in certain non-responders. The could suggest the existence of disturbances of dopaminergic control of GH secretion in diabetics, but the lack of reproducibility of responses of GH to TRH makes this an uncertain conclusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Assay of glycosylated hemoglobin by agar gel electrophoresis in an acid pH. Value of the determination of the stable fraction in clinical biology].

Total glycosylated haemoglobin (Hbg) has been determined by electrophoresis on agar gel, using commercially available materials. This method is simple and unaffected by changes of temperature or buffers pH. With a performing densitometer, its coefficient of variation is less than 4% within batch, less than 6% between batch. There is a significant correlation with the small column separation technique (r = 0,93; p less than 0,001). The labile glycosylated haemoglobin is removed by 5 methods: 18 hrs dialysis of haemolysate at 4 degrees C; 30 mn incubation of whole-blood with semi-carbazide and aniline at pH 5 and 37 degrees C; 6 hrs saline incubation of erythrocytes at 37 degrees C; 18 hrs saline incubation of erythrocytes at 25 degrees C; 7 days storage at 4 degrees C. The two first methods appear to be the best. In our study we can conclude that: 1) In basal conditions the size of the labile fraction of Hb g was close to the limits of variability of the methods (less than or equal to 10%). 2) Therefore, except for brittle diabetics, it is not necessary to determine the labile fraction routinely.

Chemical Fractionation↗
PubMed1984

[Prolonged treatment of sugar diabetes by subcutaneous insulin infusion using a peristaltic pump and an insulin solution concentrated to 100 Iu/ml].

The authors have treated 6 diabetic patients for at least 3 months with subcutaneous insulin infusion system using a peristaltic pump and a highly stable preparation (U 100 with physiological pH). Correct diabetic control was achieved in each case, during a cumulative period of 44 patients-months. The high stability of the insulin preparation allows a prolonged insulin storage in the pump, from 2 to 3 months without any change in the hypoglycaemic effect of the solution. Advantages and risks of this method are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Acquired remissions of insulin dependence in recent diabetes mellitus. Essential prognostic factors].

24 patients with recent diabetes mellitus (less than three years) were given an intravenous insulin infusion over a short period (84 to 252 hours) in an attempt to achieve a remission of their disease through rigorous normalization of blood glucose concentrations. After this treatment, strict control of diabetes mellitus was achieved with oral mediactions in 15 of the 24 patients. In 17 cases, onset of diabetes mellitus had been sudden and insulin was required immediately (acute cetosic diabetes: ACD); in 7 patients, signs of insulin deficiency had occurred only after seven months of hyperglycemia (secondary insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: SIDDM). A strong probability of achieving an insulin-induced remission exists only during the first six months of ACD. The success of the insulin infusion is partly dependent upon the residual beta cell function. During the remission, which lasts for more than 12 months in 50% of cases, control of diabetes mellitus is optimal.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1983

Biosynthetic human insulin: pharmacokinetics and effects in healthy human volunteers.

The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenously injected biosynthetic human insulin (0.06 U/kg) and purified pork insulin, both regular, were compared intraindividually in ten presumably healthy volunteers. Some of the pharmacokinetic parameters, e.g., the area under the insulinemia curve, the total plasma clearance, and insulin bioavailability, were similar, whereas insulin biologic half-life appeared to be longer and the apparent volume of insulin distribution larger with BHI. No appreciable difference between the two insulins was observed as far as their hypoglycemic effect and secretory inhibition of endogenous insulin (expressed as C-peptidemia) were concerned, but reactive hyperglucagonemia was found to be less with BHI than with PPI. These findings are discussed in the light of our current knowledge of BHI.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Hormonal adaptation to chronic self-starvation in patients with anorexia nervosa (author's transl)].

An intravenous glucose tolerance test (glucose 0.33 g/kg bodyweight) was performed in 35 women with chronic anorexia nervosa (AN) and in 19 age-matched women of normal weight. Plasma free fatty acids (FFA), immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and growth hormone (GH) levels were measured before and after the test. Although the mean value of glucose disappearance rate K was significantly reduced in the patient group as compared with the control group, K was in fact normal (greater than or equal to 1.10 +/- 10(-2)) in 20 anorectic women (AN 1) and lowered in 15 (AN 2). The basal and post-stimulation IRI levels were decreased in all anorectic women, but particularly in the AN 2 group with impaired glucose tolerance. The glucose load elicited a striking rise in GH in patients of the AN 2 group, a slight increase in those of the AN 1 group and no change in women of the control group. FFA values before the test were high mainly in the AN 2 patients but the difference with reference values did not reach statistical significance owing to the large s.e.m. After the glucose load there was a similar decrease in FFA levels in all three groups, but levels in the AN 2 group remained significantly higher than in the control group. Hyposecretion of IRI and hypersecretion of GH may account for the impaired glucose tolerance observed in all patients of the AN 2 group. Both hormonal changes facilitate neoglucogenesis and lipolysis, thereby providing the energy substrates required for survival of the self-starved subjects. The anorectic women also had low plasma T3 enabling adjustment of the oxidative metabolism to the reduced food supply.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Growth hormone response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in insulin-dependent diabetics with or without severe microvascular lesions.

Plasma levels of growth hormone (GH) were determined in fifty-two non obese insulin-dependent diabetics (IDD) and in twenty eight control patients before and after the i.v. administration of 250 micrograms in thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). The mean basal plasma GH level in the IDD was normal. Administration of TRH elicited a rise of GH above 6 ng/ml in 40% of the IDD whereas no elevation occurred in any control subject. The basal and post-stimulative GH levels were similar in diabetics with mild retinopathy and in diabetics without microvascular lesions. The basal and peak plasma GH levels as well as the GH increase after TRH were significantly higher in ten patients with nephropathy and severe retinopathy than in 42 IDD having no detectable renal damage. It is concluded that there is a disturbance of GH secretion in IDD. This abnormality seems to be independent of the short-term glycemic control and appears to be partially related to the presence of severe microvascular lesions. The present results do not prove a causal relationship between the abnormal GH secretion and the development of the diabetic microangiopathy as the pituitary dysfunction could also be a consequence of central microvascular lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Juvenile diabetes of recent onset. Sustained insulin remission by means of preprogrammed insulin infusion (author's transl)].

Seven young insulin-dependent diabetic patients were treated within 45 days at the latest from the onset of the disease by programmed insulin infusions delivered with an insulin pump. In every case normal serum glucose levels were obtained. At the end of each 84-hour infusion, an attempt was made to institute oral antidiabetic treatment. This was successful in 6 patients after 2 or 3 infusions and in one patient after 3 infusions followed by 2 months' conventional insulin therapy and a 4th infusion. In 5 patients (71%), oral treatment could be continued for more than 3 months, which indicates sustained remission of insulin-dependence. These results are comparable to those achieved with an artificial pancreas and can be explained by optimal diabetes control during the programmed infusions. The method has the advantages of being simple and relatively inexpensive.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Discovery of pancreatic diabetes in Strasbourg].

Although many clinical aspects of diabetes were already known in the second half of the XIXth century, its pathogenesis remained mysterious. The German Medical School of Strasbourg, rich of numerous eminent teachers and researchers such as A. Kussmaul and B. Naunyn in the 1880ies, represented by this time one of the leading centers in diabetes research. The studies of Joseph Freiherr Von Mering on phloridzin-induced glycosuria are an example between others, but the discovery by Oskar Minkowski of the pancreatic origin of the disease undoubtedly stands as the most famous. This discovery was partly indebted to luck since Von Mering and Minkowski were studying a problem of digestive absorption of lipids, but it was greatly due to the excellent clinical and experimental training of Minkowski, as well as his operatory skill. These works, initially criticized by some authors, turned out to stimulate in several countries researchs on the isolation from pancreas of an hypoglycemic substance. Several investigators gave up or failed near the end, which was reached in 1921 by F. Banting and C. Best, subsequently opening the therapeutic era of diabetology.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗