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Biomedical subjects

J F Bergmann

Publications and source records attributed to J F Bergmann.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effect of psychological stress on gastric potential difference in man.

This study investigated the effect of three different mental stress tests on gastric transmucosal electric potential difference (GPD). GPD measurement was carried out in six healthy volunteers using the agar-KCl bridges method during dichotomous listening, the ringing of a telephone and 90 dB noise. Cardiac, pulmonary and psychological responses to stress were evaluated at the same time. During the stress period, two of the subjects had no change in GPD as well as no extragastric modification due to the stressor. The four other volunteers had a significant stress-induced fall in GPD (12.5 + 5.6 mV) with a simultaneous acceleration of heart and respiration rates and an increase in systolic blood pressure and anxiety feelings which were evaluated on a visual scale. Such mental stress, possibly mediated by autonomous nervous system, may cause some gastric mucosa changes inducing the retrodiffusion of H+ ions and a fall in GPD. This model could be useful in therapeutic research into the prevention and treatment of stress-induced gastric lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Protective effect of misoprostol on the changes of transgastric potential difference induced by aspirin in man].

The measurement of transgastric electric potential difference (DDP) is an easy and reproducible method for evaluation of the gastrotoxicity of aspirin. This randomised crossover placebo-controlled trial in 12 healthy volunteers involved study of the protective effect of misoprostol (Cytotec) against the fall in DDP induced by a gram of aspirin. One day of treatment with misoprostol 200 micrograms morning and evening led to a statistically lower fall in DDP than with the placebo: area under the curve 130 +/- 315 mV.min cf. 589 +/- 465 mV.min (p = 0.012), maximum variation 11.4 +/- 11.3 mV cf. 24.9 +/- 13.2 mV (p = 0.04). This result independent of the antisecretory action of the compound, confirms the protective effect of this prostaglandin analogue against the gastric damage caused by aspirin.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Use of dimethicone to reduce the fall in gastric potential difference induced by bile salts.

The gastric potential difference (PD) was measured in ten healthy volunteers after sodium taurocholate intake. This bile salt was given after treatment with dimethicone or placebo in a cross-over design study. With dimethicone the fall in PD was lower (16.1 vs. 24.8 mV,) and shorter (32.5 vs. 51.0 min) than with the placebo. Our result suggests that the silicone can prevent the formation of the gastric lesions induced by bile salts.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Abdominal and retroperitoneal masses. Diagnostic value of fine needle cytopunctures. 121 consecutive controlled cases].

A series of 121 consecutive patients with abdominal (96 cases) and retroperitoneal (25 cases) masses was studied in order to evaluate the contribution of cytology in establishing a definite diagnosis of the tumors. The cytologic results on aspirates were obtained with 22 or 23 gauge Chiba needles. At the same time, percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed with 19 or 21 gauge fine needles having circumferentially bevelled tips that produced tiny tissue cores suitable for histologic study in 88 cases. These diagnoses were controlled with larger pathological specimens in 78 cases and appeared to be consistent with the clinical and biological course in 43 cases. The sensitivity of the cytologic diagnosis was 83 per cent, and its overall accuracy 87.6 per cent. There were no false-positive results. Furthermore, the method proved to be safe and well-tolerated, with low morbidity (0.8 per cent) and no mortality.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Persistent gastric-protective effect of antacid evaluated by measurement of transmucosal gastric potential difference.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 1 week of antacid dosing on the aspirin-induced potential differences (PDs) across the gastric mucosa. The study design was double blind and randomized with crossover. Ten healthy subjects received aluminum hydroxide gel, 8 gm t.i.d., or placebo for 1 week. They then received 1 gm aspirin after an overnight fast and the PD across the mucosa was measured. Baseline potentials were the same before both treatment periods. Antacids reduced the aspirin-induced PDs. The mean (+/- SD) maximal PD was 27.4 +/- 1.7 mV with placebo vs. 10.7 +/- 2.2 mV with antacids (p less than 0.001). Recovery time was 65.5 +/- 5.2 minutes with placebo vs. 29.0 +/- 6.7 minutes with antacids (p less than 0.001). These results suggest the effect is due to a longer-term cytoprotective property of antacids rather than to acid-neutralizing activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Elevation of CA 125 in patients with benign and malignant ascites.

The presence of CA 125, an ovarian cancer-associated antigen, was assessed in serum and ascites from patients with ovarian cancer (n = 47), hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 21), and liver cirrhosis (n = 40). Abnormal levels of serum CA 125 were observed in 49% of ovarian cancer patients, and in 89% of these same patients with ascites. In all cases of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma with ascites, CA 125 levels were above 35 U/ml. The specificity and sensitivity of CA 125 measurement for detecting ascites in chronic liver diseases were 73% and 100%, respectively. Furthermore, the CA 125 level was always higher in ascites than in serum. The authors conclude that CA 125 is a nonspecific marker of ascites. This result must be considered in the interpretation of CA 125 elevation in patients with ovarian cancer. Moreover, CA 125 may be of value in the diagnosis and monitoring of peritoneal diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies against alpha-fetoprotein for in vivo localization of human hepatocellular carcinoma by immunotomoscintigraphy.

Two high affinity monoclonal antibodies, designated AF01 and AF04, directed against distinct epitopes of human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and the Fab fragments of one of them, were labelled with 131I and injected into 18 patients with AFP producing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in order to carry out imaging studies by tomoscintigraphy. Twelve patients were injected with whole antibody, only three of seven patients injected with AF01 and two of five patients injected with AF04 had a positive scan. In contrast, five out of six patients injected with labelled Fab fragments of AF04 had positive imaging. These results confirm that tumour imaging of HCC using 131I labelled monoclonal antibody against AFP is feasible. Moreover, utilization of tomoscintigraphy in place of linear scintigraphy and Fab fragments instead of whole immunoglobulin may improve the sensitivity of radioimmunolocalization. This technique provides useful information on the in vivo distribution of monoclonal antibodies directed against AFP and on the practicability of the eventual therapeutic use of anti-AFP antibodies in HCC.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

CA 125 (ovarian tumour-associated antigen) in ascitic liver diseases.

The presence of Ca 125, an ovarian cancer-associated antigen, was assessed in serum from patients with liver diseases with (n = 26) and without (n = 26) ascites. Abnormal levels of serum CA 125 were observed in all patients with ascites and in 4 patients without ascites (15%). We conclude that CA 125 is a non-specific marker of ascites whatever the origin: ovarian carcinoma, cirrhosis or peritoneal inflammatory process.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

[Sclerosing cholangitis after chemotherapy by continuous hepatic intra-arterial infusion of fluorodeoxyuridine].

A case of sclerosing cholangitis after a two-month treatment by hepatic artery infusion of FUDR is reported. The patient presented with jaundice and a marked increase in serum alkaline phosphatase activity which persisted after withdrawal of FUDR infusion. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiogram revealed a stricture of the middle part of the common bile duct, which was treated by endoprosthesis insertion. From this report, as well as those previously published, it is concluded that sclerosing cholangitis may complicate continuous hepatic artery infusion with FUDR. This lesion could be secondary to an FUDR-induced arteritis in the branches of hepatic artery which supply bile ducts.

Cholangitis↗
PubMed1985

[Application of an original technic in the evaluation of gastric emptying to the study of primperan].

The ingestion of radio-opaque granules during a meal enables the radiological study of gastric emptying under physiological conditions. The evacuation of the granules is well correlated with that of solids. After the development of a pharmaco-clinical model of hyposthenic dyspepsia, this technique was used by the authors to evaluate the influence of Primperan on gastric emptying after a dyspeptogenic meal in 12 volunteers. Following the randomised intravenous injection of either 20 mg of Primperan or a placebo, 5 to 7 minutes before the dyspeptogenic meal, the number of granules remaining in the stomach over time was used to measure the rate of gastric emptying. Primperan significantly accelerated the gastric emptying of the dyspeptogenic meal in comparison with the placebo (p less than 0.01).

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1985

Alpha-fetoprotein in hepatitis superimposed on cirrhosis: a case of concomitant hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody associated with a major but transient increase in the alpha-fetoprotein level.

A 53-year-old man with hepatitis concurrent with cirrhosis was simultaneously positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and heterotypic anti HBs antibody. This could be explained by a state of tolerance, with chronic carrying of B virus (subtype a y w3), but would not preclude B virus (subtype d) reinfection, inducing the synthesis of specific anti-d antibodies. In the same patient, the very high level of 3460 ng/ml was reached for alpha-fetoprotein; this was transitory and returned to normal within 8 months; it was probably due to the acute hepatitis. Thus it appears that, even in cases of cirrhosis, a major rise in this marker does not absolutely imply the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Immunoscintigraphy in human squamous lung cancer using monoclonal antibodies.

We describe immunoscintigraphy using a radiolabelled anti-tumor monoclonal antibody 181-23 in 6 patients with squamous lung cancer. Double-label method using simultaneous injections of 131I MAB and 125I control immunoglobulin was performed to evaluate the specificity of MAB localization in the tumor. Immunohistological localization of MAB in resected specimen was obtained by immunoperoxidase technique. All our data are negative but correlated.

Aged↗