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Biomedical subjects

J Evrard

Publications and source records attributed to J Evrard.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Valorization of rapeseed meal. 5. Effects of sinapine and other phenolic compounds on food intake and nutrient utilization in growing rats.

Six groups of 10 growing rats each were fed ad libitum for 15 days one of six diets: diet A, rapeseed (3.80 g of sinapine/kg DM); diet B, ethanol/water-extracted rapeseed (0.48 g of sinapine); diet C, control diet; diet G, control diet + 3.74 g of extracted sinapine; diet H, control diet + 3.72 g of sinapine + other phenolic compounds; or diet I, control diet + the hydrolysis products of sinapine and other phenolic compounds. During the first 8 days, the dry matter intake and live weight gain of the rats were significantly reduced by the intake of sinapine and other phenolic compounds. However, after this adaptation period their performances were similar to those of the control group. Dry matter, energy and nitrogen digestibility and protein utilization were not altered by sinapine intake but were slightly reduced with diets H and I.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Accidents caused by arteritis after fracture or tibial osteotomy].

In five cases of fracture or osteotomy of the tibia complicated by delayed union, non-union or infection, a latent chronic vascular insufficiency was belatedly discovered, often after failure of local treatment. It was responsible for the complication, since, in all the cases, the restoration of arterial patency resulted in healing. A study of the arterial circulation should be made, especially in smokers, when there is delay in union.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

A comparison of piperacillin, cephalothin and cefoxitin in the prevention of postoperative infections in patients undergoing vaginal hysterectomy.

A randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial was initiated to compare the safety and efficacy of piperacillin, cephalothin and cefoxitin in the prophylactic treatment of patients undergoing vaginal hysterectomy. The total dose of each antibiotic was 6 grams given in three equally divided doses. A satisfactory prophylactic response was obtained in 143 of 151 (95 per cent) patients treated with piperacillin, in 82 of 87 (94 per cent) patients treated with cephalothin and in 57 of 60 (95 per cent) patients treated with cefoxitin. The pooled data indicated that the piperacillin treatment group did not differ from the combined cephalosporin treatment groups with respect to prophylactic response, presence of febrile morbidity, fever index, duration of postoperative hospitalization and incidence of reported adverse experiences.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Hematogenous osteomyelitis in the adult].

Between 1960 and 1985, 39 cases of haematogenous osteomyelitis in adults have been treated. The clinical signs were somewhat different from those seen in children or adolescents. The difference was due to different patterns in the blood supply of adult bones. Three types are described: acute, sub-acute and suppurating. Some patients purely suffered pain. After the age of 50 the prognosis was much worse. All the cases were treated surgically by evacuation of pus, excision of sequestra and necrosed bone, muscle flaps or bone grafting by the Papineau technique. The results were satisfactory except in the elderly.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Infections of total hip prostheses].

The author recalls the progress which has been made over the last fifteen years in relation to the incidence of infection following total hip arthroplasty. A classification of this complication is proposed which distinguishes between early infections, late infections, in the strict sense of the term, and secondary infections which are by far the most frequent. In fact, the first two forms are rare and develop acutely following massive contamination either during the operation or in relation to a distant focus of infection. These infections require early treatment and can be cured with preservation of the prosthesis in the most successful cases. Secondary infections have a much more insidious development. It is important to be aware of the clinical and, most importantly, the radiological signs of this complications in order to avoid the severe bone lesions which make the insertion of a new prosthesis very difficult.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1986

[Mycobacterial infection of the hip following total prosthesis. Study of 6 cases].

The authors present 6 cases of mycobacterial infection of the hip after total hip replacement: 5 cases of tuberculosis and 1 case of Mycobacterium fortuitum infection. They emphasise the clinical, radiological, bacteriological and histological signs which are generally very characteristic and unequivocal. A review of the literature reveals the rarity of these infections, but stresses the need for a complete bacteriological survey to avoid missing the diagnosis. A routine medicosurgical therapeutic approach is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Hip arthrodeses for septic arthritis. Critical study].

Twenty-eight cases of septic arthritis of the hip were treated by arthrodesis and reviewed after 2 years. Fusion of the hip was obtained in only 11 cases, four of which were still draining but healed after removal of metallic devices and curettage. Five cases had an acceptable result without drainage despite incomplete fusion. Of the 12 remaining cases, 3 were lost to follow-up and 9 had to be operated on again. Four became fused and dry, 4 were still mobile but dry and the last was a complete failure, being both mobile and draining. One case of dry incomplete fusion was successfully treated by a total prosthesis. These results show that fusion is difficult to obtain and that it is neither a necessary nor an adequate means of obtaining a good result in infection. The possibility of preserving the joint motion should be discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Bone penetration of cefazoline (author's transl)].

A single intramuscular dose of one gram of cefazoline was administered to fifty eight patients undergoing total hip replacement. The elimination of the antibiotic in femoral head is parallel to the blood elimination but ten times lower. Twelve hours after injection, levels of 0.5 microgram/g (i.e. higher than MIC of Staphylococcus aureus normally isolated from post surgery infections) are still detected in capsule and femoral head.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Prophylactic cefazolin versus placebo in total hip replacement. Report of a multicentre double-blind randomised trial.

The effect of five days of antibiotic prophylaxis with cefazolin injections (beginning just before surgery) on postoperative infections (beginning just before surgery) on postoperative infectious complications was evaluated in a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in nine centres on 2137 patients undergoing hip replacement. Antibiotic prophylaxis reduced the number of hip infections significantly from 3.3% (placebo) to 0.9% (cefazolin). Positive peroperative blood samples and positive bacteriological examination of the drain were risk factors for hip infection but the prognostic value of obesity, diabetes, or previous hip surgery was not confirmed. Development of a urinary infection was not related to hip infection. Hip infections were less common in the four centres with hypersterile operating theatres, and the benefits of prophylactic antibiotics were restricted to patients having hip replacement operations in conventional theatres.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Acceleration of repair of non-unions by electromagnetic fields (author's transl)].

This work deals with the results obtained by four French orthopaedic departments using the electromagnetic field stimulation for non union treatment. This is the method established by A. Bassett. 37 cases are studied, the results are known for 35 of them with 6 failures and 29 successes. The failures can be explained for four of them by a bad application of the device. Concerning the 29 successful cases, the role of the stimulation is discussed. Discarding those who have been treated a short time after a surgical procedure, those who have been immobilized more than 6 months and those where the non union could have been a delayed union, it remains 14 successful cases apparently undisputable. For them the role of the electromagnetic field stimulation seems real.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Surgical treatment of stiff knee following femoral sepsis and septic arthritis of the knee (author's transl)].

The authors have studied the results of attempts to restore joint movement in stiff knees after septic non-union of fractures of the femoral shaft or after septic arthritis of the knee by arthrolysis and quadriceps release. Fifteen procedures were done on fourteen patients with severe limitation of movements. The results were gratifying; eight very good and four good. No case was made worse. The technique is described in detail and operative and post-operative complications described. A long-term follow-up study showed that the results tended to improve after several years. The prognosis can be based on the degree of flexion obtained during operation, though free flexion should be distinguished from forced flexion. It is concluded that the procedures used are worthwhile in spite of previous sepsis.

Adolescent↗