Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Eriksen

Publications and source records attributed to J Eriksen.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Concerns, motivation, and experience of orthognathic surgery patients: a retrospective study of 152 patients.

Patient perceptions and motivations for undergoing orthognathic surgery were evaluated retrospectively by a 15-item self-administered questionnaire. Surgical risk was the major reservation concerning having an operation, and change in appearance and cost of treatment were of next greatest concern. Of the 152 patients, 78.3% would elect to have surgery again. Female patients desired improvement in appearance more than male patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

New attachment through periodontal treatment and orthodontic intrusion.

The present study was performed to investigate the tissue reaction related to orthodontic intrusion of teeth with a reduced periodontium and further to evaluate the influence of oral hygiene on this reaction. In each of five Macaca fascicularis monkeys, periodontal tissue breakdown was induced around the premolars and the upper incisors by placing orthodontic elastic ligatures around the teeth. The breakdown procedure was continued until a minimum of four pockets could be measured on probing. Following removal of the elastics, a flap operation was performed. The pocket epithelium and granulation tissue were excised. During the surgical procedure, a notch was placed just above the bone. The teeth were divided postoperatively into four groups according to treatment: group 1 = flap operation, no oral hygiene program; group 2 = flap operation plus oral hygiene program three times per week; group 3 = flap operation plus intrusion, no oral hygiene program; and group 4 = flap operation plus intrusion plus oral hygiene. Groups 3 and 4 were subdivided into two observation periods. A total of 60 teeth corresponding to 120 approximate surfaces were studied. The animals were killed with perfusion; histologic sections were produced and stained alternatively with hematoxylin and eosin, and van Gieson's solution. The histologic analysis showed that new cementum formation and new collagen attachment were observed following the surgical procedure if the oral hygiene was maintained, but also demonstrated that the intrusion improved the quantity of new attachment if carried out under healthy conditions. New attachment was a consistent finding in group 4, but varied from 0.7 to 2.3 mm. In case of intrusion without oral hygiene, the results varied from moderate new attachment to an aggravation of the periodontal bone loss. On the basis of the results presented here, the combination of periodontal treatment and orthodontic intrusion seems to be a method by which improvement of the periodontal condition can be obtained, provided that both the biomechanical force system and the oral hygiene are kept under control.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

No effect of oral testosterone treatment on sexual dysfunction in alcoholic cirrhotic men.

The prevalence and course of sexual dysfunction was evaluated in 221 alcoholic cirrhotic men participating in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study on the effect of oral testosterone treatment on liver disease. At entry, 67% (95% confidence limits, 61%-74%) complained of sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction was significantly (p less than 0.05) associated with lower serum concentrations of testosterone, non-protein-bound testosterone, and non-sex hormone-binding globulin-bound testosterone. The significant associations between sexual dysfunction and non-protein-bound and non-sex hormone-binding globulin-bound testosterone concentrations disappeared, however, when age, ethanol consumption, and severity of liver disease were included as covariates in the analysis. During follow-up (median 30 mo, range 1-48 mo) sexual dysfunction improved significantly (p less than 0.05) at 6, 12, and 24 mo. Furthermore, the reported libido and erectile and ejaculatory function improved significantly at the end of the follow-up period (p less than 0.01). However, the testosterone-treated patients did not differ significantly from the placebo-treated patients regarding any of the changes in sexual function. In conclusion, oral testosterone treatment does not significantly influence the type or course of sexual dysfunction in alcoholic cirrhotic men. However, sexual function improved after reduction of ethanol consumption in these patients.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1987

Influence of ethanol on development of hyperplastic nodules in alcoholic men with micronodular cirrhosis.

The type of cirrhosis was blindly evaluated in follow-up liver biopsies performed on 106 alcoholic men with micronodular cirrhosis. The median time interval from entry to follow-up liver biopsy was 31 mo (range, 3-44 mo). Patients were stratified into four groups according to their maximal registered ethanol consumption during follow-up. Thirty-six patients (34%) abstained from ethanol, 40 patients (38%) consumed a small amount of ethanol (less than 50 g/day), 19 patients (18%) consumed a moderate amount of ethanol (51-100 g/day), and 11 patients (10%) consumed an excessive amount of ethanol (greater than 100 g/day) during follow-up. Follow-up liver biopsy specimens demonstrated micronodular cirrhosis in 54 patients (51%), micronodular cirrhosis with development of hyperplastic nodules in 47 patients (44%), and nonclassifiable macronodular cirrhosis in 4 patients (4%); 1 patient showed portal fibrosis. The cumulative prevalence of patients developing hyperplastic nodules increased significantly (p = 0.014 for trend) with decreasing ethanol consumption, the prevalence being 57% in abstainers, 58% in those who consumed a small amount of ethanol, 32% in those who consumed a moderate amount, and 18% in those who consumed an excessive amount. In conclusion, alcoholic men with micronodular cirrhosis develop hyperplastic nodules during follow-up, the rate and prevalence of which is significantly related to the amount of ethanol consumed during follow-up. Ethanol consumption may inhibit hepatocellular proliferation in alcoholic men with micronodular cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Haemodynamic response to exercise in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

Physical work capacity was evaluated by a multistage bicycle exercise test in 29 patients, 22 men and seven women aged 35-61 years (mean 49) with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and in a sex- and age-matched control group. The maximal work load was reduced in the patient group, mean 122 vs. 186 watts in men (P less than 0.001), and 60 vs. 119 watts in women (P less than 0.005). Resting heart rate was higher in patients (91 vs. 78 beats X min-1, P less than 0.005), and the maximal heart rate was lower (159 vs. 170 beats X min-1, P less than 0.001) compared with controls. Thirteen of 29 (45%) patients compared with 5 of 29 (17%) control subjects had an increase in left ventricular ejection fraction of less than or equal to 5% during exercise (P less than 0.05). The present results suggest that an impaired capacity of the cardiac function to respond adequately to physical stress may at times contribute to the reduced physical work capacity seen in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Left ventricular performance in alcoholic patients without chronic liver disease.

Left ventricular performance was studied non-invasively in 24 chronic alcoholics without liver disease. Twelve patients who had abstained from drinking for at least one month (group A) and 12 sex and age matched patients who had ceased drinking during the preceding 24 hours (group B) were studied at rest and during 50% submaximal exercise. Cardiac output and stroke volume were measured by first passage and left ventricular ejection fraction by multigated radionuclide cardiography. Twelve healthy sex and age matched controls were also studied. Haemodynamic variables were similar in group A and the controls, except that in group A left ventricular end systolic volume index did not decrease during exercise. In group B the heart rate was increased both at rest and during exercise and plasma noradrenaline concentrations were increased. The stroke volume index did not increase significantly during exercise in group B. In addition, the increase in left ventricular ejection fraction was smaller in group B than in controls. End systolic contraction was reduced in group B patients and diastolic blood pressure was increased. These results suggest that cardiac abnormalities in chronic alcoholics may be reversed after cessation of drinking if no chronic liver disease is present. Recent alcohol consumption increases sympathetic nervous activity, impairs cardiac contractility, and increases afterload during physical stress.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

No effect of long-term oral testosterone treatment on liver morphology in men with alcoholic cirrhosis.

The effect of oral testosterone treatment (200 mg tid) on liver morphology was examined in a double-blind, placebo controlled study including men with alcoholic cirrhosis (n = 126). Liver biopsies obtained before randomization showed micronodular cirrhosis in 119 patients (94%), alcoholic hepatitis in 64 (51%), and fatty liver in 104 (83%). These and other morphological findings did not differ significantly in the patients randomized to testosterone (n = 76) and to placebo (n = 50) (skewed randomization 3:2). Follow-up liver specimens (biopsies or autopsies) obtained after a median treatment duration of 30 months demonstrated a significant (p less than 0.01) increase in the prevalence of macronodular cirrhosis (from 6 to 51%) and a significant (p less than 0.01) decrease in the prevalence of alcoholic hepatitis (to 21%) and of fatty liver (to 52%). Testosterone treatment did not significantly influence the prevalence of these changes. Further, testosterone treatment had no significant effect on the prevalence of other morphological changes, including vascular and malignant changes. However, in the testosterone-treated group one patient developed diffuse sinusoidal dilation and one patient showed Budd-Chiari's syndrome. The degree of fatty liver and of alcoholic hepatitis in follow-up liver specimens were significantly (p less than 0.002) higher among patients who consumed ethanol during follow-up than in patients who abstained (76 versus 22% and 30 versus 6%). In conclusion, this study does not establish any indication or any contraindication in terms of hepatic histopathology with the possible exception of hepatic venous thrombosis for the use of oral testosterone treatment in men with alcoholic cirrhosis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

Subcutaneously implanted injection system for epidural administration.

Six patients with advanced disseminated cancer were treated by operatively implanting a subcutaneous injection system for epidural opiate injection. The system consisted of an access port connected to an epidural catheter. The median period of treatment during hospitalization was 16 days (9-64). Two discharged patients were treated for 9 and 150 days, respectively. The median number of injections was 92 (48-542). Patient compliance was good in all cases. There was no case of displacement, kinking or occlusion of the catheters. All patients experienced sufficient pain relief, although four, before epidural opiate treatment, had their pain triggered by activity.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacokinetics of tolfenamic acid in patients with cirrhosis of the liver.

Six patients with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver received 100 mg tolfenamic acid p.o. and i.v. The disposition of tolfenamic acid could be described by a two-compartment open body model, with a mean central compartment volume of 8.71, and a beta-phase volume of 25 l. The elimination rate constant ke averaged 1.13 h-1 and the half-life of the beta-phase was 1.73 h; the mean total plasma clearance was 159 ml/min. These pharmacokinetic parameters differed only slightly from those in two groups of healthy volunteers studied previously; ke was significantly reduced by about 30% in the patients but none of the other parameters differed significantly. There was good correlation between individual elimination rate constants or plasma clearances with the liver function tests, serum albumin and P-coagulation factors. Oral absorption was good and bioavailability of about 100% was shown by comparison of the areas under the plasma concentration - time curves after i.v. and p.o. administration. Metabolism was qualitatively and quantitatively very similar to previous observations in healthy volunteers. There seems no reason to reduce the dose of tolfenamic acid in patients with compensated alcoholic cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Controlled clinical trial of treatment with cimetidine for non-ulcer dyspepsia.

The effect of cimetidine (1 g daily) and placebo was studied in a controlled clinical trial comprising 50 patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia in whom an organic abnormality responsible for the dyspeptic symptoms was not disclosed by a standardized and extensive examination programme. Reduction of symptoms occurred in 13 (54%) out of 24 patients treated with cimetidine and in 16 (62%) out of 26 treated with placebo. The difference was insignificant, as were the alterations in the individual dyspeptic symptoms between the groups. Only 6 patients (25%) on cimetidine and 8 (31%) on placebo treatment had a total relief of symptoms. Of these, all cimetidine-treated patients remained free from symptoms during the successive 3-month observation period, while the dyspeptic symptoms relapsed in 3 (38%) placebo-treated patients. Subsequent resumption of placebo treatment reduced the symptoms in all 3 patients, but only one became free from symptoms. Cimetidine does not seem to be superior to placebo in the treatment of non-ulcer dyspepsia in patients without any previous history of ulcer or without any sign on endoscopy of an active or previous ulcer disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Hemodynamic effects of alfentanil in verapamil-treated dogs.

The hemodynamic effects of alfentanil were investigated in six dogs receiving verapamil 0.5 mg X kg-1 and six dogs receiving saline in equal volume. Basic measurements were done after 30 min and the dogs were then given alfentanil 160 micrograms X kg-1 with measurements at 5, 15, and 30 min. Significant increases in central venous pressure (CVP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure (PWP) were found 30 min after verapamil. After verapamil-alfentanil, increases were seen in CVP and PWP at 5 and 15 min and in PWP at 30 min. Mean arterial pressure and cardiac index were unchanged, while a decrease in heart rate was fully compensated by an increase in stroke volume. Indices of contractility were unchanged. All values were within the limits of normal hemodynamic function. We conclude that high-dose alfentanil has no adverse effects on hemodynamic parameters during calcium blockade.

Alfentanil↗