Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Erdmann

Publications and source records attributed to J Erdmann.

67 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Retrospective study of the parental origin of the extra chromosome in trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome).

The parental origin of the extra chromosome in trisomy 18 was traced in 30 informative families using highly polymorphic (CA) repeats mapped on the long arm of chromosome 18. Proband DNA was recovered from slides of chromosome preparations in 28 cases and from paraffin-embedded tissues in two cases. The extra chromosome was found to be of maternal origin in 26 cases (86.7%), and paternal origin in 4 cases (13.3%).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The use of microsatellites in zygosity diagnosis of twins.

Although numerous genetic and anthropological markers are available for determining zygosity of twins, there is still a need for a more practical and informative method in zygosity diagnosis. Dinucleotide repeats or other short repeats (microsatellites) are highly variable between individuals and offer a simple, fast, cheap, and exact approach for zygosity determination. The feasibility of a set of microsatellites to be used for this purpose is demonstrated.

Alleles↗
PubMed1993

IL-1-induced murine osteoblast IL-6 production is mediated by the type 1 IL-1 receptor and is increased by 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3.

IL-1-induced osteoblast IL-6 production represents one possible mechanism by which IL-1 augments bone resorption. In this report, we show that the murine osteoblastic cell line (MC3T3-E1) expresses type 1 IL-1 receptors based on 125I-HrIL1 alpha binding, blocked by type 1 IL-1R antibodies (35F5), and analysis of MC3T3 RNA by reverse transcription (RT)-DNA amplification and Northern analysis. MC3T3 cells do not express detectable type 2 IL-1R mRNA by RT-DNA amplification. IL-1 induces (IL-1 ED50, 0.1 pM) IL-6 production through the type 1 IL-1R as 35F5 antibodies block IL-1-stimulated IL-6 production. Vitamin D3 increases IL-1R expression dose- and metabolite-dependently, with 1,25-(OH)2D3 having the greatest potency, and also enhances IL-1's capacity to stimulate IL-6 production at low IL-1 levels. Both IL-1 and 1,25-(OH)2D3 induce type 1 IL-1R and not type 2 IL-1R upregulation based on ligand binding and RT-DNA amplification. Increased IL-1R expression requires a 5-7-h treatment and is protein/RNA synthesis dependent. These observations imply that IL-1-induced IL-6 production in osteoblasts is mediated by type 1 IL-1Rs and that increased IL-1R expression could play a role in mediating IL-1-induced skeletal responses.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1992

Lack of association between dopamine D1 and D2 receptor genes and bipolar affective disorder.

Fifty-six patients with bipolar affective disorder and 69 healthy control subjects were tested for association of restriction fragment length polymorphism alleles at the dopamine D1 and D2 receptor loci. No significant associations were found; thus, the hypothesis that a single mutant form of either receptor gene is responsible for the phenotype of patients with bipolar affective disorder was not supported.

Alleles↗
PubMed1990

Differential regulation of plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor by osteotropic factors in primary cultures of mature osteoblasts and osteoblast precursors.

Plasminogen activators (PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAI) have been implicated in the process of extracellular matrix degradation. To study their role in bone matrix turnover, we examined the activity and regulation of PA and PAI in cultures of periosteal osteoblast-like precursor cells and mature osteoblast-like cells from fetal rat calvariae. Both cell populations released PA activity of the tissue type and a 50K PAI species into the culture medium. However, mature osteoblasts had a strikingly lower PA activity and higher PAI activity than periosteal precursor cells, indicating that osteoblast differentiation is associated with a marked decrease in the PA/PAI ratio. PTH and prostaglandin E2 transiently increased PA activity and decreased PAI activity. In contrast, transforming growth factor-beta decreased PA activity and increased PAI activity. Differential effects of these factors on PA and PAI activity may be involved in the regulation of extracellular matrix deposition by osteoblasts.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Regional edema formation in isolated perfused dog lungs.

Studies using gravimetric analysis of lungs of frozen animals have suggested that the differences in pulmonary microvascular pressure between non-dependent and dependent lung do not influence the formation of regional pulmonary edema. We wondered if the inability to detect variation in regional extravascular lung water (EVLW) was due to the slow freezing process and, therefore, reassessed the distribution of EVLW in vertically suspended isolated perfused dog lungs with a radioisotopic technique that does not require freezing. Total lung water (TLW), blood or intravascular lung water (IVLW), and EVLW were measured in absolute quantities using a positron camera and the positron-emitting isotopes C15O as a blood label and H2(15)O as a total lung water label. Mean isotopic TLW in 17 lungs that were normal or moderately edematous (wet:dry ratio < 7) was 142 +/- 9 (SE) ml compared to the gravimetric estimate of 148 +/- 7 ml (r = 0.92) and isotopic EVLW was 64 +/- 6 ml compared to the gravimetric estimate of 70 +/- 6 ml (r = 0.8). Analysis of the distribution of regional isotopically measured EVLW in the 17 lungs in various states of spontaneous edema formation revealed a small non-dependent to dependent, gravity-related increase in percent regional EVLW compared to percent regional TLW, which did not vary with the degree of edema in the lung. Serial measurements of absolute regional EVLW in four lungs during spontaneously developing edema also failed to show a disproportionate increase in accumulation of EVLW in any lung zone. Thus, despite the wide variation in microvascular hydrostatic pressure between top and bottom of the vertical isolated lung, edema formation seems to be uniform.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assignment of the human serotonin 1F receptor gene (HTR1F) to the short arm of chromosome 3 (3p13-p14.1).

In the present study, we report the chromosomal localization of the human 5-HT1F receptor gene (HTR1F) by the analysis of somatic cell hybrids. Based upon the HTR1F cDNA sequence, a primer set that reacted with human genomic DNA but not mouse or hamster genomic DNA was derived from the relatively nonconserved 5'-untranslated and coding region. Using monochromosomal hybrid cell lines of the NIGMS Mapping Panel 2 we localized the HTR1F to human chromosome 3. To confirm the localization on chromosome 3 and to further sublocalize the HTR1F gene, a set of human cell hybrids regionally separating chromosome 3 into 7 regions was similarly analysed. Analysis of this regional panel showed that the HTR1F gene was located proximal to the 3p14.1 breakpoint in hybrid APH14 and distal to the breakpoint in 3p13 in hybrid APH13. This localizes the HTR1F gene to human chromosome 3p13-p14.1.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of HCC with pravastatin, octreotide, or gemcitabine--a critical evaluation.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: New perspectives in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinomas have recently been inaugurated with the application of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors i.e. pravastatin, the somatostatin analogue octreotide, or the cytidine analogue gemcitabine. The present study aimed to evaluate these substances in patients with progressive tumor growth. METHODOLOGY: A total of 58 patients either received 3 x 200 microg/day octreotide for 2 months followed by 20mg octreotide LAR every 4 weeks (n=30) or 40-80 mg pravastatin (n=20) or 80-90 mg/m2 gemcitabine over 24 hours weekly in cycles of 4 weeks (n=8). Kaplan-Meier survival curves and the log-rank test were used for univariate comparison of sur vival. RESULTS: The median overall survival of patients receiving octreotide was 5 months, of patients receiving pravastatin 7.2 months and of patients receiving gemcitabine 3.5 months. The difference between the pravastatin and the gemcitabine groups was significant. No WHO grade 3 or 4 side effects were seen in either group of patients. CONCLUSIONS: These results do not confirm those of former studies. Neither pravastatin, nor octreotide, nor gemcitabine did prolong the patients' median overall survival as compared to control groups reported by other authors. New therapeutic strategies have to be found for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinomas.

Aged↗