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Biomedical subjects

J Eng

Publications and source records attributed to J Eng.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Influence of the age of erythrocytes on their insulin receptors.

Specific binding of 125I-insulin to erythrocyte receptors increased linearly with reticulocyte count in routine blood specimens from hospitalized patients. Specific binding as high as 30-35% is observed in patients with reticulocyte counts in the range of 20-25% compared with 9.0 +/- 0.5% specific binding in healthy control subjects with normal reticulocyte counts. It is concluded that care must be exercised in interpreting elevations of specific 125I-insulin binding to erythrocyte receptors as due to specific disease processes without considering how the disease itself may alter mean erythrocyte age at the time of sampling.

Erythrocyte Aging↗
PubMed1978

Bacteriuria in the puerperium: an evaluation of methods for collecting urine specimens.

Five hundred and eighteen puerperal patients were screened for bacteriuria by examination of clean-catch, midstream urine specimens using the dip-slide cultivation technique. Bladder urine from 105 patients showing 10(4) or more bacteria per milliliter of midstrean urine was obtained by suprapubic bladder aspiration and cultivated, along with two consecutive midstream specimens. The bacteriologic results in these specimen categories are compared. Of 23 patients showing growth in the midstream samples compatible with a true bacteriuria, 18 had sterile puncture urine specimens. Consecutive contaminated midstream specimens from the same patient usually yielded growth of the same bacterial species. It is concluded that a diagnosis of bacteriuria in the puerperium cannot be based upon cultural results of midstream specimens alone. In several of the bladder urine specimens, microogranisms being nonpathogenic in the urinary tract and residing normally in the vaginal flora were found, probably due to the traumatic effect of partus. In Oslo the frequency of bacteriuria among women post partum is estimated at a maximum of 1 per cent.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1978

Uterine T-mycoplasma colonization in reproductive failure.

In 46 patients with a history of habitual abortion and in 18 women with primary unexplained infertility, samples from cervical mucus and endometrial tissue have been examined for presence of T-mycoplasma, and the results compared to those obtained among 45 control subjects. Colonization of T-mycoplasma in the cervix was found to be common in all patient groups (49 to 83 per cent), whereas colonization in the endometrium was found to be significantly more frequent among the habitual abortion patients (28 per cent) and the infertility patients (50 per cent) than among the control subjects (7 per cent). In all patients having T-mycoplasma-positive endometria the organism was also isolated from the cervix, thus indicating an ascending route for the colonization of the uterine cavity. Bacteria belonging to the normal vaginal flora were frequently co-isolated from the endometrial samples along with T-mycoplasma. The women with T-mycoplasma-positive endometria showed a high incidence of postabortion fever. Treatment with doxycycline eradicated T-mycoplasma from the cervix and the endometrium and apparently led to an improvement with respect to the outcome of the posttreatment pregnancies.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1977

Gelatin neutralization of the inhibitory effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate on Neisseria meningitidis in blood culture media.

The inhibitory effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate (0.05%) upon growth of Neisseria meningitidis was found to be neutralized by adding gelatin (l.1%) to the growth medium. The neutralizing effect was demonstrated in solid medium, as well as in nutrient broth for blood cultures. The findings parallel those of Wilkins and West (6) regarding gelatin neutralization of the inhibitory effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate on Peptostreptococcus anaerobius.

Benzenesulfonates↗
PubMed1977

Ampicillin and pivampicillin in the treatment of urinary tract infection in children.

16 children, aged 1-10 years, suffering from urinary tract infection were randomly divided into two groups. Ten children were treated with ampicillin pediatric suspension in a dose of 100 mg ampicillin/kg/24 hours divided in 4 doses, and 6 children with pivampicillin base pediatric suspension in a dose of 64.8 mg/kg/24 hours divided in 4 doses (approximately 50 mg ampicillin/kg). The treatment period was 14 days with all infections being cured. Despite the fact that pivampicillin was administered in half of the dosage of ampicillin the resulting peak serum concentration was 65% higher and was achieved more rapidly. The bioavailability and urine concentration were also greater. A marked change in the rectal aerobic bacterial flora occurred during both treatment regimens. In 13 children (81%) a shift took place from ampicillin-sensitive E. coli to ampicillin-resistant Klebsiella strains as the predominating microbe, equally often in both groups of treatment. Ampicillin-resistant E. coli appeared in one child in each group.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1976

The diagnostic value of determination of IgM antibodies against Mycoplasma pneumoniae by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test.

The indirect fluorescent antibody technique for specific IgM and IgG antibodies was applied to paired sera from 33 patients with a current M. pneumoniae infection, along with the complement fixation test. A roughly parallel increase in antibody titres in all the three tests was observed; the ratio of IgM/IgG titres was, however, higher in patients below 20 years of age than in older patients. Rises in antibody titres were regularly observed in spite of the fact that most of the patients were treated with tetracycline or erythromycin during the acute phase of the disease. Serum specimens from 15 other patients lacking clinical data of a recent M. pneumoniae infection, but with stationary complement fixation titres, all showed IgG antibodies with stationary titers and, with the exception of three patients, a negative IgM antibody test. Sera from 20 individuals lacking complement fixing antibodies were also without demonstrable IgG and IgM antibodies. Sampling of serum from 9 of the pneumonia patients was repeated. The last IgM positive sample was collected up to six months after onset of the disease and all were found to be negative in the IgM test 8 to 10 months after onset of the illness in these treated patients. The implications of these findings for the serological diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infections are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Peritoneal lavage with doxycycline in acute diffuse peritonitis.

Peritoneal lavage with ten hourly repeated instillation-drainages of one litre lavage fluid containing 50 mg doxycycline (Vibramycin Pfizer) was carried out on six patients suffering from diffuse peritonitis due to perforated appendicitis. Bacteriological specimens were obtained both from the perforation in the appendix and the peritoneal fluid at operation and the doxycycline concentrations in blood and lavage fluid were determined at intervals up to 72 hours postoperatively. All the patients recovered, but the lavage was considered a failure in one case as a small abscess and multiple adhesions were found at reoperation 1 1/2 months later. Bacteriological swabs from the perforated appendix and the peritoneal fluid usually contained the same bacteriological species, and as a rule several species were isolated. Doxycycline compared favourably with ampicillin as regards bacterial sensitivity, but the difference was too slight to be of practical importance. Doxycycline was absorbed very rapidly from the peritoneal cavitiy, and due to its slow excretion a cumulation occurred. In this small series doxycycline did not appear to give any real advantage over ampicillin, but it may be considered the drug of choice in patients with penicillin allergy, and in those who fail to respond to ampicillin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate in blood cultures.

Fifteen-hundred hospital blood cultures were made in duplicate, with and without 0.05% sodium polyanethol sulfonate in the broth medium. A significantly higher rate and speed of recovery of both gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli was accomplished in sodium polyanethol sulfonate broth. The effect was independent of the content of 0.1% agar in the growth medium. In the cases of Neisseria meningitidis septicemia examined, however, a detrimental result on recoveries was observed. The addition of sodium polyanethol sulfonate also resulted in an increased frequency of recoveries of contaminating organisms.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1975

Inhibitory effect in vitro of sodium polyanethol sulfonate on the growth of Neisseria meningitidis.

The influence of 0.05% sodium polyanethol sulfonate on the growth of 24 strains of Neisseria meningitidis in broth medium was examined; several of the strains were markedly inhibited. A paper disk method was evolved for screening the sensitivity of various bacteria to sodium polyanethol sulfonate on solid medium; the highest sensitivity was observed in N. meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Zones of growth inhibition were also observed in a proportion of strains in certain species of gram-positive cocci, whereas all gram-negative bacilli were uniformly resistant. The implications of these observations for the routine use of sodium polyanethol sulfonate in blood culture media are discussed.

Anticoagulants↗