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Biomedical subjects

J Emmrich

Publications and source records attributed to J Emmrich.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Treatment of autoimmune diseases and graft rejection with anti-CD4 antibodies].

Based on the experience that T helper lymphocytes play an important part in the initiation and maintenance of various autoimmune diseases and also in graft rejection, novel therapeutic approaches have been developed and are under investigation. They are aimed at selective inhibition of T cells whose activation is unwanted. Useful tools for this purpose are monoclonal antibodies to cell surface molecules which are restricted to certain cell populations. In this review the concept of treatment with antibodies to CD4-a surface molecule characteristic of T helper lymphocytes-is discussed. Encouraged by experimental experiences obtained during the past years, a series of case reports were published and clinical pilot studies have been performed, the preliminary results of which are now becoming available. Anti-CD4 therapy appears to be a promising approach. Short-lasting effects can be separated from long-lived effects. The latter are not easy to explain, although hypotheses have been developed still requiring more detailed experimental confirmation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Plasma fibronectin in acute leukemia. Effects of the cytostatic therapy on plasma fibronectin level].

Twice a week plasma (Pl.)-fibronectin was determined quantitatively in the course of disease with immunoelectrophoresis according to Laurell in 12 patients suffered from acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) and in 12 patients affected with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). At diagnosis Pl.-fibronectin concentration was found to be significantly lowered only in those patients affected with ANLL. During the induction therapy Pl.-Fibronectin could be observed to decline significantly in all patients: in acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia from mean 270 micrograms/ml, s 93 micrograms/ml, to mean 185 micrograms/ml, s 89 micrograms/ml (p less than 0.01), and in acute lymphoblastic leukemia from mean 290 micrograms/ml, s 98 micrograms/ml, to mean 180 micrograms/ml, s 94 micrograms/ml (p less than 0.01). After administering L-asparaginase there is a strong decline of Pl.-fibronectin. Pl.-fibronectin concentration could be observed to be significantly lower in patients without remission in comparison to those with remission. A correlation between Pl.-fibronectin concentration and tumour mass could not be identified.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Comparison of the drop and capillary technics of the leukocyte migration inhibition test in the detection of sensitization to candidin].

15 test persons with a positive and 3 with a negative intradermal test of candidin were examined with two modifications of the migration inhibition test. In these cases the agarose droplet test proved to be somewhat more sensitive in comparison to the capillary method. There were no correlations between the size of the cutaneous test reaction and the adequate migration index. The droplet test using culture residues (lymphokin assay) was less evident in comparison to the direct method. The two techniques (droplet test, capillary method) are well suited for the proof of cell-mediated immune reactions to candidin and other comparable antigens, respectively.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Stimulation of leukocyte migration by L-carnitine].

In order to stimulate the vitality and growth of cell cultures, serum from calves or horses is frequently added to different concentrations. It is only in serum-free systems, however, that exactly defined constant conditions of cultures can be created and that cellular regulating factors can be characterized in a biochemical way. From this aspect we investigated the impact of L-carnitine on leukocyte migration in vitro. In a serum-free medium a significant stimulation of migration could be identified in 6.2 mmol/l of L-carnitine by means of the agarose-microdroplet technique. Even those concentrations of carnitine which elicited no significant stimulation resulted in a homogeneous distribution of cells on the migrating area, thus unequivocally limiting the distance of migration. An unspecific effect of concentration or ions was excluded by the application of gamma-butyrobetaine which did not produce any stimulation of migration. Even lymphokine activity (leukocyte inhibitory factor of migration) could be represented after having added carnitine.

Betaine↗
PubMed1977

[Immune complexes and their pathogenetic significance].

The specific binding of antigens by antibodies leads to the development of antigen-antibody-complexes. Apart from the connected with this and desirable immunological protection immune complexes, however, may also have an pathogenic effect on certain conditions (e. g. transmission of the capacity of phagocytosis), depositing themselves in the vascular regions concerned, activating complement and after binding to cell membranes causing the release of unspecific mediators. Finally these lead through increased vascular permeability, local ischaemia and hyperaemia, respectively, and the release of proteolytic enzymes to a lesion of the tissues. In a series of in most cases chronic inflammatory diseases depositions of immune complexes may be proved in the tissues concerned. However, it is difficult to establish exactly in the individual case, whether they considerably participated in the development of the clinical picture. By analogies to experimentally produced immune complex diseases at least some entities of diseases (e. g. lupus erythematodes disseminatus) or defined local alterations of the tissues (e. g. glomerulonephritis of immune complex type) may be defined pathogenetically.

Antibody-Producing Cells↗