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Biomedical subjects

J Edgren

Publications and source records attributed to J Edgren.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Duplex Doppler scanning with high-dose prostaglandin E1 stimulation in the diagnosis of arteriogenic impotence.

The aim of this study was to find out the normal range of penile duplex Doppler parameters with pharmacostimulation of 40 micrograms prostaglandin E1 and to assess the repeatability and clinical value of the method. Maximal systolic velocity increase (SVImax) is presented as a new flow parameter. 10 potent and 82 impotent patients were investigated. Peak systolic velocity values were significantly higher when recorded at proximal than at distal penis. Repeatability of SVImax was fairly good (coefficient of variation = 0.18). SVImax ranged from 32 to 100 cm/s in 10 control subjects. The distribution of SVImax values in patients grouped according to the number of arteriosclerotic risk factors indicates that this parameter may be useful in the diagnosis of arteriogenic impotence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Duplex Doppler scanning with prostaglandin E1 in the diagnosis of cavernovenous leakage.

The aim of this study was to find out the normal response of the duplex Doppler (DD) parameter resistance index (RI) during a high dose prostaglandin E1 (40 micrograms) induced erection and to evaluate the clinical usefulness of DD scanning in the diagnosis of cavernovenous leakage (CVL). The results of DD scanning and cavernometry were compared in 10 potent control subjects and 82 impotent patients RI was > or = 1 in all control subjects later than 10 min after the intracavernous injection and RI at 20 min after the injection (RI20) was chosen as a clinical parameter. An inverse correlation (r = -0.69, p < 0.001) between RI20 and the maintenance flow (MF) at 150 mm Hg (MF150) was demonstrated. Sensitivity and specificity of RI20 (values < 1 indicating CVL) as a test of CVL (MF150 > 18 ml/min) were 89% and 86%, respectively. In conclusion, the measurement of RI20 in DD scanning after an adequate pharmaco-stimulation is a reliable, noninvasive method in the diagnosis of CVL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Increased urinary excretion of iohexol after enteral administration in patients with ileal Crohn's disease. A new test for disease activity.

Iohexol is a water-soluble contrast medium that is partly absorbed/permeated through mucosa of the small bowel and excreted unchanged in the urine. Iohexol was administered orally to 12 patients with Crohn's disease of the ileum and to 10 healthy controls to measure its excretion in the urine. The location and activity of Crohn's disease were determined by barium double-contrast radiography in all patients and by ileoscopy and biopsy in 9 patients. Iohexol concentrations in serum and 24-hour urine were measured using reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Urinary excretion of iohexol was significantly greater in patients with active Crohn's disease than in controls. We suggest this method as a new way of measuring Crohn's disease activity and mucosal damage in the small bowel. Bowel inflammation and mucosal cell damage are strongly indicated if the iohexol excreted in the urine is over 1% of the oral intake.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Acute rejection in kidney grafts with delayed onset of graft function. A duplex-Doppler study.

Forty-five kidney transplant recipients with delayed onset of diuresis due to acute tubular necrosis (ATN) were examined with duplex ultrasonography (DU). Resistive index (RI) was measured on the 4th post-transplant day. Eleven grafts (24%) developed acute rejection. Mean RI prior to rejection of the 4th postoperative day in these grafts was 0.97 and in the 34 grafts which did not develop rejection mean RI was 0.82. There were 2/26 rejections (8%) in the group of grafts with an initial RI below 0.9 and 9/19 rejections (47%) in the group of grafts with RI of 0.9 or above on the 4th post-transplant day. Six months postoperatively there were 2/26 nonfunctioning grafts in the group with lower initial RI values (less than 0.9) and 6/19 nonfunctioning grafts in the group with higher indices (greater than or equal to 0.9). In nonfunctioning grafts a high initial RI (greater than or equal to 0.9) indicates that these grafts will be prone to developing acute rejection.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A subset of systemic lupus erythematosus with progressive cystic bone lesions.

Clinical and serological findings of 16 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who had progressive cystic bone lesions were compared with a control group of 19 patients with SLE without radiological evidence of bone cysts. Central nervous system manifestations, synovitis, and other radiologically observed skeletal abnormalities were more prevalent in the patients with cysts than in the control group. Higher concentrations of C reactive protein, and a greater incidence of rheumatoid factor positivity were seen in the patients with cysts than in the control patients, but no other serological differences were found. It is suggested that patients with SLE with progressive cystic lesions form a subgroup of the syndrome characterised by an increased acute phase reaction.

Bone Cysts↗
PubMed1990

Intraoperative ultrasound as an aid to surgical strategy in liver tumor.

Ultrasonography of the liver was performed on 27 patients during laparotomy for liver lesions--11 primary and 13 metastatic mainly colon/rectum malignancies, and three benign conditions. Supplementary information on the liver parenchyma was provided in 11 cases (41%) in which the surgical strategy was decided simply by inspection and palpation of the liver. Ultrasound was most valuable for visualizing the vascular anatomy of the liver, giving clarification in 18 cases (66%), especially the relationship of tumor to portal and hepatic veins. This was decisive for the surgical strategy in four cases, enabling resection in two and modifying planned procedure in two. In a case of polycystic liver, ultrasonography imaged deep-lying cysts and aided the fenestration procedure. Liver resection was performed in 16 cases without operative mortality. Hepatic ultrasonography is useful for determining tumor spread, but of even greater value for the determination of strategy by clarifying tumor/vascular anatomic relationships.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Double-contrast barium examination and endoscopy in the detection of small polyps of the large intestine.

The purpose of this study was to compare double-contrast barium examination (DCBE) and endoscopy in detection of small colonic polyps. In 57 patients DCBE revealed 106 polyps in the large intestine. On total colonoscopy, 62 polyps could be verified. The size of the polyps excised ranged from 2 to 15 mm. Compared with DCBE, colonoscopy verified 48 true positive, 44 false positive and 14 false negative polyps. In revealing a polyp less than 5 mm, DCBE had a sensitivity of 72%, whereas in detection of larger polyps the sensitivity was 81%. Histological verification was available in 52 of the 62 removed polyps. A tubular adenoma was found in 12 of the 29 diminutive polyps verified with histology. DCBE and colonoscopy could not differentiate between adenomas and hyperplastic polyps. Since a polyp less than 5 mm may represent an adenoma, a precancerous lesion, its removal is indicated during colonoscopy after DCBE has detected it.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

How many projections are really needed in angiographic assessment of the femoral bifurcation?

The purpose of this study was to analyze how many angiographic projections are needed in the diagnosis of hemodynamically significant stenoses of the femoral bifurcation. A total of 134 femoral bifurcations were examined with triplanar angiography in 67 patients (45 men and 22 women). The patients, ranging in age from 42 to 81 years (mean 63), suffered from incapacitating symptoms of peripheral arterial disease. The contralateral posterior oblique projection proved to be the most valuable in the assessment of hemodynamically significant arterial stenoses of the femoral bifurcation. An AP projection added information on stenoses of the inlets of the deep femoral artery in 9% of cases and on stenoses of the inlets of the superficial femoral artery in 6% of cases. An arteriographic examination should be started with a contralateral posterior oblique projection and this view will suffice in most cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Urography with spasmolytics.

The effects of glucagon (1 mg i.v.) and hyoscine butylbromide (Buscopan 20 mg i.v.) and placebo on the visualization of the pyelocalyceal systems and ureters was compared in a routine urography with abdominal compression in a double-blind, randomized trial comprising 189 kidneys and ureters. The visualization of the ureters in the supine position was highly significantly better than in the prone. In the prone position the ureteral visualization with Buscopan was marginally significantly better than with placebo or glucagon. Otherwise, neither Buscopan nor glucagon improved the pyeloureteral visualization. However, with glucagon the pyelocalyceal visualization was highly significantly poorer than with placebo, and marginally significantly poorer than with Buscopan.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Wire-guided biopsies of nonpalpable breast lesions.

The purpose of this study was to review the results of mammographic wire-guided biopsies of nonpalpable breast lesions and the features of the lesions in the preoperative examinations. Sixty women, mean age 50.2 years (range 31 to 74), underwent a wire-guided biopsy of the lesion. Twenty-nine patients had preoperative fine needle aspiration of the lesion. The radiographic diagnosis was correct in 33 patients (55%); 25 had breast cancer and 8 patients had a benign lesion. In 9 of the 14 patients with clustered microcalcifications in mammography and in 13 of the 15 patients with a mass noted in mammography, the cytological examination was correct. Nonpalpable mammographic masses with regular borders and normal fine needle aspiration examination do not require biopsy. In malignant mammographic appearances associated with a normal fine needle aspiration examination, biopsy of the lesion should always be done.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Renal papillary necrosis in patients with IDDM.

Although diabetes mellitus is reported in 29% of patients with renal papillary necrosis (RPN), the frequency of RPN among patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has from autopsy studies been estimated to be only 4.4%. In vivo data on the prevalence of RPN in patients with IDDM have been lacking. We therefore studied the prevalence of RPN in 76 patients with long-standing IDDM and in 34 age-matched control subjects by intravenous urography. None of the control subjects showed radiographic signs of papillary necrosis. RPN was observed in 18 patients (23.7%); 15 were women (83.3%). Age and duration of diabetes was not different between patients with and without papillary necrosis, and there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the prevalence of microangiopathic complications, i.e., proliferative retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy. Microscopic hematuria was three times more frequent in patients with than without RPN (44 vs. 16%; P less than .02). In addition, pyuria was reported in 40% of patients with papillary necrosis, and 61% of them gave a positive history of urinary tract infection compared to 16% (P less than 05) and 32% (P less than .02), respectively, in patients without papillary necrosis. It is concluded that RPN is a more frequent complication of long-standing IDDM than appreciated from autopsy studies, and being female and having a history of urinary tract infection are associated with an increased risk of RPN.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Omnipaque and Gastrografin in gastrointestinal follow-through examinations.

The non-ionic low-osmolar contrast medium Omnipaque was compared with the conventional ionic high-osmolar contrast medium Gastrografin in a randomized, double blind study comprising 71 consecutive gastrointestinal follow-through examinations performed because of suspected ileus or anastomosis control. The patients' reaction were confined to nausea, emesis and diarrhoe being very similar in both groups and related to the patients' illnesses. The taste of Gastrografin was more often judged unpleasant, but the difference was not significant. Omniplaque scored significantly better for contrast medium density and diagnostic visualisation in the small bowel, otherwise the differences were negligible. There were no significant differences in the transit time into the caecum. The high price of Omnipaque restricts its routine use. It may be diagnostically indicated in selected cases where greater accuracy in the delineation of pathologic anatomical details in the small bowel is desired.

Diatrizoate Meglumine↗
PubMed1986

[Hemophilic arthropathy. A review and analysis of 30 patients].

Haemophilic arthropathy is one of the most important manifestations of haemophilia. Treatment of patients for haemophilia, in particular haemophilic arthropathies, has been considerably improved, after cryoprecipitates had been introduced in the late sixties. 30 haemophiliacs were examined by the authors of this paper, with all of them exhibiting lesions of knee-joints and ankle bones. Active surgical treatment, using modern methods, proved to be successful in 40 per cent of all cases of haemophilia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Radiological progression of rheumatoid arthritis in renal transplant recipients.

Radiological progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was evaluated retrospectively in eight patients with amyloidosis secondary to classical or definite RA and successful renal transplantation. Wrist joints, metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and metatarsophalangeal joints were graded on a scale from 0 to 5. The annual progression rate was calculated separately for the time before and after transplantation. A slight acceleration of the progression was observed after transplantation and is assumed to be due to activation of the rheumatoid disease when the azotaemia was corrected.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Aseptic necrosis of the femoral head following renal transplantation.

The occurrence of aseptic hip necrosis was investigated in 546 renal transplant patients (639 transplants) with graft survival for a minimum of 12 months. Aseptic hip necrosis developed in 39 hips in 29 patients (5.3%) from 3 to 121 months (mean 22 months) after the renal transplantation. There was no sex-related difference in incidence of hip necrosis. The complication was significantly more common among patients younger than 20 than among those older than 40 years. The development of hip necrosis did not correlate with type of renal disease, origin of graft (cadaver of living relative donor), side of transplant or length of dialysis treatment. The number of transplantations per patient did not influence the occurrence of hip necrosis. Analyses of serum concentrations of creatinine, calcium, phosphorus and parathormone before and at different periods after transplantation revealed no patterns predictive of hip necrosis. The pathogenesis of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head obviously is multifactorial.

Adolescent↗