Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J E Wheeler

Publications and source records attributed to J E Wheeler.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Endometrial cytosolic and nuclear progesterone receptors in the luteal phase defect.

Basal body temperature profiles, serial serum progesterone levels, and serial endometrial biopsies were studied in 15 infertile women during 21 ovulatory cycles. Ten cycles (in 9 women) demonstrated luteal phase defects (LPD), diagnosed by a histological lag in endometrial maturation, normal luteal phase length, and normal luteal phase serum progesterone levels. Both normal and LPD cycles had a maximum amount of endometrial cytosolic progesterone receptor (PgR) on days 13-15, with a significant decline thereafter. LPD cycles had significantly lower endometrial nuclear PgR concentrations than did normal cycles during the proliferative phase, but luteal phase endometrial nuclear PgR levels were similar in both groups. In 2 LPD women treated with dydrogesterone, normal endometrial maturation and a decline in endometrial cytosolic PgR concentrations in the late luteal phase were found. Therefore, with the exception of endometrial nuclear PgR concentrations during the proliferative phase, we found no evidence for a major abnormality in endometrial PgR levels in LPD cycles with a lag in endometrial histology.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Malignant leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata.

The first known case of malignant change occurring in leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is reported. Six months after leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata was found at cesarean section, the patient experienced rapid growth of the pelvic tumor and diffuse bony metastases. The most cellular areas of the pelvic lesions and the bony metastases were very similar histologically. No other primary site was identified. Despite combination chemotherapy and hormonal manipulations, the patient experienced a rapidly declining course and died within two years.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Postoperative peritoneal cysts.

Peritoneal cysts are an infrequent postoperative complication. Few cases have been reported in the literature. This paper presents four cases seen after gynecologic operations. The cysts occurred 1.5 to 8 months postoperatively. The patients presented with pain and a large pelvic mass. No patient showed clinical or laboratory evidence of acute inflammation. Ovarian neoplasm was the leading diagnosis in three cases; the correct preoperative diagnosis of peritoneal cyst was made in only one case. Three patients were managed successfully with resection. One patient was treated with percutaneous drainage, though nine months was required for complete resolution. There were no recurrences at one-year follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Flow cytometric DNA and 5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase in endometrium.

One hundred endometrium specimens have been studied with flow cytometry for DNA analysis (FCDA) and a proliferative enzyme marker, 5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (5'-NPD). FCDA data showed that aneuploidy was present in only 5 of 40 cancer specimens. However, with corrected histograms, a higher DNA value was observed in the G2/M (6%) of all cancer compared with noncancer specimens (4%). Thus, FCDA can be a useful diagnostic aid for endometrial cancer. The determination of 5'-NPD was done with a quenching method based on the use of 5'-(5-iodo-3-indoxyl)-thymidine phosphodiester as a substrate and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole for DNA. This method could qualitatively define which population of the cell cycle had a higher enzyme level and also quantitatively gave the enzyme units per cell. It was found that 12.5% of all cancer specimens had 5'-NPD activity in the G0/G1 cells and 87.5% in the S and/or G2/M cells, whereas in the noncancer specimens 5'-NPD was found in 28.5% of the G0/G1 cells and 71.5% of the specimens had 5'-NPD in the S and/or G2/M cells. Furthermore, the concentration of 5'-NPD was found to be five times higher in the G2/M cells of the cancer specimens than that in the noncancer specimens. However, in the hyperplasia specimens, the activity was only two times higher in the same cell cycle fraction than in the normal specimens. The results of this investigation provided for the first time evidence that this exonuclease activity alters in the cell cycle fractions and that a decrease in the enzyme activity in G0/G1 cells and an increase in G2/M cells may be a useful marker for neoplastic development in human endometrial cancer.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1985

The identification of experimentally induced appendicitis using in vitro nuclear magnetic resonance.

Appendicitis was induced in six New Zealand white rabbits. The appendices from these animals had significantly higher spin-lattice relaxation times, T1, as determined in vitro by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (10 controls vs 6 experimentals, 413 +/- 23 vs 455 +/- 41, X +/- SD, P less than (0.02). T1 correlated significantly with the water content of the appendiceal tissue (P less than 0.001). These findings suggest that in vivo NMR imaging techniques weighted on T1 might be able to identify human appendicitis noninvasively by detecting localized edema.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Enhanced antitumor effects with intralymphatic delivery using bacillus Calmette-Guerin in animal models.

This study compares the effectiveness of various routes of administration of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) utilizing the New Zealand white (NZW) rabbit V2 carcinoma model. The routes compared were intratumor, intravenous, scarification, subcutaneous, and intralymphatic. Primary tumor regression, disease-free interval, and survival were measured. The disease-free interval and survival for the intralymphatic group were significantly longer (p less than 0.05) than all groups except the scarification group. That group had a prolonged survival as compared with all groups except the intralymphatic group. The intralymphatic route of administration was the most effective method in causing local tumor regression and curtailing metastasis. This study clearly demonstrates that the intralymphatic route requires further mechanistic studies and clinical investigation as a means for delivering biological response modifiers.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Bloody ascites in sarcoidosis.

We present the findings in two patients in whom sarcoidosis was manifested by bloody ascites. Granulomas were present on peritoneal surfaces in one case and on the serosal surface of the spleen and liver in the other. Five patients with abdominal sarcoidosis have previously been reported with nonbloody ascites. Although bloody ascites due to sarcoidosis is rare, it is presumably akin to bloody pleural and pericardial effusions which have been previously reported. The long-term prognosis of patients with peritoneal sarcoidosis and ascites appears good.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Flow cytometric DNA analysis as a diagnostic aid for cervical condyloma and cancer.

Flow cytometric DNA analysis data (FCDA) were obtained from 324 samples provided through the Gynecology-Oncology Clinic. These samples consisted of 294 combined endoectocervical and vaginal smears and 30 peritoneal washings. Using a conventional scheme for G0/G1, S + G2/M and the coefficient of variation with computer correction for the cell-cycle kinetics, it was possible to assign a diagnostic Class I, II, III or V similar to that used by the Cytology Laboratory. These data were then compared with the histopathologic and colposcopic diagnoses. The correlation between FCDA and cytologic results were essentially similar to the previous data obtained from only endocervical sampling. The most interesting finding in this study was the recognition of an FCDA pattern showing a higher DNA content in the G0/G1 and the early S regions in 70 of 94 (74.5%) of samples from patients with condyloma acuminata. All condyloma samples were diagnosed either by cytologic, histopathologic, or colposcopic examination, or a combination of two or three. All biopsy specimens were then reviewed by one pathologist to verify any discrepancies. The relationship of this pattern to the viral etiology of this disease is discussed with the three methods of diagnosis and electron microscopic observations. It is suggested that, based on this study. FCDA analysis of pap smears may also be useful in determining the presence of condyloma in a gynecology clinic. The potential value of FCDA analysis from peritoneal washings for the diagnosis of gynecologic cancer can not be ascertained in this preliminary investigation because of insufficient samples.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1984

Ovarian clear cell adenofibromatous tumors. Benign, of low malignant potential, and associated with invasive clear cell carcinoma.

The authors have studied 17 cases of ovarian clear cell tumors having an adenofibromatous pattern and classified them on a histologic basis into three categories: benign, of low malignant potential, and associated with invasive clear cell carcinoma. Clear cell adenofibroma is characterized by orderly tubules and glands lined by uniform epithelium with little or no nuclear atypia set in an abundant stroma with an interlacing pattern resembling ovarian stroma. Clear cell adenofibromatous tumors of low malignant potential had a similar stroma, but exhibited moderate to marked degrees of epithelial proliferation and atypia. In the third category there were cases of invasive clear cell carcinoma in which a distinct portion of the tumor met the criteria for clear cell adenofibroma, or clear cell adenofibromatous tumor of low malignant potential. Cases of invasive clear cell carcinoma exhibiting a desmoplastic reaction or a diffuse fibrous stroma, but lacking typical adenofibromatous areas, were not included in this study. The benign and low malignant potential tumors showed no clinical evidence of aggressive behavior, whereas those associated with invasive clear cell carcinoma often did. Although there have been no recurrences in our small group of patients with tumors of low malignant potential, the histologic similarity of the epithelium in these tumors to that seen in invasive carcinomas justifies such a categorization. Further studies of larger series using the proposed classification should yield more information concerning the biologic behavior of these types of clear cell adenofibromatous tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Mammary sarcoidosis. Two cases and literature review.

A patient with sarcoidosis had a biopsy of a firm nontender breast nodule that at analysis disclosed multiple noncaseating granulomas. In another patient with sarcoidosis, noncaseating granulomas were an incidental finding in a mastectomy specimen containing medullary carcinoma and in two subsequent biopsy specimens of the contralateral benign breast. Tests for acid-fast bacteria and fungi using special stains were negative in both cases. There are nine other histologically documented cases of mammary involvement with sarcoidosis. Since the lesions of mammary sarcoidosis often cannot be distinguished from those of carcinoma by physical examination, we suggest that clinically suspicious lesions undergo biopsy whether or not disseminated sarcoidosis is present.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Interobserver variation in the identification of breast carcinoma in intramammary lymphatics.

Nine surgical pathologists participated in a microscopic review of 35 cases of pT1-2 N0 M0 breast carcinoma. The pathologists outlined strict criteria for the identification of intramammary lymphatics and blood vessels and for the identification of cancerous emboli in these vascular channels. Each mastectomy case was studied by three different pathologists. All three concurred on the presence or absence of intralymphatic cancer in 12 of the 35 cases. Observers agreed on the absence of blood vessel invasion in 30 of the 35 cases. There was no consistent bias on the part of a single reviewer, either alone or with another pathologist, in identifying the emboli. We conclude that the identification of intralymphatic cancerous emboli in mastectomy specimens is not a reliably reproducible prognostic finding on which recommendation of systemic chemotherapy in stage I breast carcinoma patients can be based.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Endosalpingiosis in the omentum: a study of autopsy and surgical material.

Omenta removed either at surgery or autopsy were examined for benign glandular inclusions. Multiple random sections failed to reveal these inclusions in any of the 37 male or 27 female autopsy specimens. None of the 22 male surgical specimens contained benign cysts, whereas these inclusions were found in 19 of 128 (14.8%) of the female surgical specimens. One female patient had endometriotic cysts, two had mesothelial cysts, and 13 had inclusions histologically similar to oviduct epithelium (endosalpingiosis). Another female had both endometriotic cysts and endosalpingiosis, whereas two had both mesothelial cysts and endosalpingiosis. All 16 patients with endosalpingiosis had inflammatory tubal disease (e.g., chronic salpingitis, hydrosalpinx, tubal pregnancy). Four of these 16 females also had an ovarian tumor. These ovarian tumors included one serous cystadenoma, two serous cystadenomas of borderline malignancy, and one serous cystadenocarcinoma. We conclude that the endosalpingiotic inclusions are benign and occur exclusively in females. Since they are found in association with ovarian tumors, it is important to exclude well-differentiated metastases. Our findings support a close relationship between inflammatory tubal disease and endosalpingiosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Cytogenetic and endocrine findings in a female with 45,X,t(y;18) (p11;p11).

A 23-year-old phenotypic female with congenital heart disease, mental retardation and mild virilization was referred for evaluation of short stature and delayed sexual development. Endocrine studies revealed a markedly elevated serum testosterone, which was within the adult range. At laparotomy, a small uterus, normal fallopian tubes and bilateral gonadal tumors, consisting of a left gonadoblastoma and right dysgerminoma were found. Trypsin G banding of peripheral blood revealed a 45,XO, 18p+ karyotype. Q banding demonstrated intense fluorescence of the distal portion of the extra material on chromosome 18, consistent with fluorescence of Y chromosomal heterochromatin. A combination of banding techniques enabled us to determine a 45,X,t(Y;18) (p11;p11) karyotype in peripheral blood. Cultures of gonadal tissue revealed 45,X,t(Y;18)/46,XY mosaicism.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Estrogen receptor protein in malignant carcinoid tumor: a report of 2 cases.

Two cases of metastatic malignant carcinoid tumor in elderly women contained significant amounts of estrogen receptor (19 and 32 femtomoles/mg protein) as shown by Scatchard-plot analysis of a dextran-coated charcoal assay, inhibition of binding by an estrogen analog (67 and 63%) and high-affinity binding (Kd = 6.8 and 2.6 x 10(-10) M). The demonstration of estrogen receptor in malignant carcinoid tumor expands the spectrum of non-breast or non-gynecologic neoplasms that contain the receptor. The significane of estrogen receptor in such tumors is uncertain; it may represent aberrant derepression of the gene for estrogen receptor protein in a malignant tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

The effect of dexamethasone and promethazine administration on adhesion formation, tubal function, and ultrastructure following microsurgical anastomosis of rabbit oviducts.

In a controlled study, 24 rabbits underwent bilateral division and immediate microsurgical anastomosis of the oviducts. Dexamethasone and promethazine were administered to 13 rabbits in a dose and route of administration similar to those used in clinical practice. Eleven control rabbits received a saline vehicle. Morbidity and mortality were encountered only in the dexamethasone and promethazine-treated group. Dexamethasone and promethazine did not appear to influence the formation of intraluminal and peritubal adhesions, histology, ultrastructure, patency, implantation, or pregnancy rates. The presence of intraluminal adhesions, as seen by scanning electron microscopy, was associated with relatively more efficient tubal function as measured by the ability of the oviducts to convey ova to intrauterine implantation sites. Collagen accumulation in the muscularis, as demonstrated by trichrome staining, was associated with relatively decreased tubal function.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Prenatal diagnosis of Wolman disease.

Two pregnancies at risk for Wolman disease were monitored by assay and electrophoresis of acid lipase in cultured amniotic-fluid cells. Cells from patient 1 had 5% of control levels of acid lipase, using 14C-triolein as substrate; however, when artificial substrates (esters of 4-methylumbelliferone and p-nitrophenol) were used to measure acid lipase, these cells had 30% of control levels. Electrophoresis of cell extracts revealed the absence of the A form of acid lipase, consistent with the diagnosis of Wolman disease. Analysis of fetal tissues following prostaglandin termination of this pregnancy confirmed the diagnosis. Assay of fetal-skin fibroblasts with 14C-triolein, as well as with artificial substrates, showed marked deficiency of acid lipase activity. Electrophoresis of fetal-tissue extracts also demonstrated the absence of the A form of acid lipase. Amniotic-fluid cells from patient 2 showed normal levels of acid lipase with all substrates tested; the electrophoretic pattern of acid lipase was normal. The results suggest that the prenatal diagnosis of Wolman disease be made using the radioassay of acid lipase and/or electrophoresis.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗