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Biomedical subjects

J E Terry

Publications and source records attributed to J E Terry.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Relation between cholesterol levels, statins and Alzheimer's disease in the human population.

This review paper discusses potential relationships between Cholesterol levels, the therapeutic use of Statins and the risk of Alzheimer s Disease. Comparisons have also been made between the Western populations and Oriental populations. Epidemiological studies have shown that statins, which reduce the levels of plasma cholesterol by inhibiting the enzyme 3 hydroxy-3methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMGCoA) reductase, reduce the risk of Alzheimer s disease by up to 70%. Further research is required to determine whether cholesterol levels have a direct, causative, or indirect relationship with Alzheimer disease. Also, it is not clear why some statins reduce the prevalence of AD and others do not. Statins may have an affect on other AD risk factors, or act by mechanisms which are independent of their effects on cholesterol levels?

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed2000

Anterior ocular infections: an overview of pathophysiology and treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To provide a review of the pathophysiology and treatment of anterior ocular infections. DATA SOURCE: A MEDLINE search (from 1970 to October 1998) as well as a review of the tertiary literature was performed to identify pertinent literature on pathophysiology and treatment of ocular infections. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All articles were considered for possible inclusion in the review. Relevant studies were selected for discussion in the article. DATA SYNTHESIS: Ocular infections are common and vary from self-limiting to sight-threatening. Infections occur in different eye structures; presentation and treatment vary accordingly. Infections can occur when tissues of the eye are exposed to pathogens not normally present, when the eye is damaged, allowing pathogens to overcome the natural defenses of the eye, or in immunosuppressed patients where normal flora may become opportunistic. In deciding on appropriate treatment, both the causative pathogen and the structure(s) affected must be considered. The most likely pathogen can often be determined based on clinical signs and symptoms, patient history, or, in some cases, may need to be determined microbiologically. Differences in drug absorption, penetration, and availability to the various structures of the eye affect treatment decisions. Severity of infection, efficacy and safety of medication, and cost/benefit ratios must be taken into consideration in choosing the proper pharmacologic management of various ocular infections. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of ocular infections depends on knowledge of the pathophysiology and drug disposition at the site of infection. An understanding of the current concepts surrounding the management of the anterior ocular infections presented will aid in the provision of optimal patient care.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed1996

Optic nerve head stereoscopic digital imaging using bichromatic techniques.

The variability of optic nerve parameters obtained with versions 3.4 and 3.5 of the Topcon IMAGEnet computer stereo analysis system was studied. The consistency of horizontal cup-to-disc ratio, vertical cup-to-disc ratio, cup volume, neuroretinal rim area, neuroretinal rim-to-disc area, and the percentage of poorly correlated conjugate points (bad points) on the stereo pair was compared. The updated computer program for stereo analysis provides a significantly more accurate means to assess both the cup volume and the neuroretinal rim area as evidenced by the smaller number of bad points.

Color↗
PubMed1994

Hemangioma of the apical orbit diagnosed by radionuclide imaging.

Hemangiomas are benign vascular hamartomas which occur more commonly in women between the ages of 30 and 50 years. These tumors are among the most common lesions found in the adult orbit. The purpose of this report is to describe the usefulness of delayed blood pool scans for diagnosing unusually located hemangiomas as highlighted in our report of a 67-year-old white male who reported initially with unilateral proptosis. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a distinct mass measuring 1.6 cm anteroposterior diameter by 1.5 cm width by 1.2 cm height near the apex of the orbit. A gallium scan was negative for a solid tumor. A technetium-99 m blood pool (hemangioma SPECT scan) was positive, consistent with a hemangioma of the orbital soft tissue.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Ankylosing spondylitis and recurrent anterior uveitis.

An acute anterior uveitis often is associated with a number of systemic inflammatory conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis. Both the ocular and systemic effects begin during the second or third decades of life and involve males more frequently than females. The uveitis begins acutely but may become quite chronic with a number of reported sequelae. This case describes a recurring case of anterior uveitis, its systemic and ocular signs and symptoms, and the appropriate management.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Ocular manifestations of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is a serious and uncommon disease of hemostasis. Severe disturbances in both blood components and chemistry may cause marked changes both systemically and in ocular tissues. Ocular manifestations include retinal and vitreal hemorrhage, retinal detachment, papilledema, and disc neovascularization. Management of mild cases is limited to supportive therapy and monitoring changes in the fundus. In advanced cases, photocoagulation, vitrectomy, and retinal reattachment surgery may be necessary. This article reviews the effects of this relatively rare blood disorder on the visual system.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Ectopia lentis secondary to physical abuse in a traumatized, elderly individual.

The proper diagnosis of ocular emergencies is usually straightforward since the patient generally can communicate the nature and circumstances of the injury. However, the mental status of the patient occasionally may seriously complicate obtaining an accurate history of the trauma. This may be particularly important when the patient has been physically abused by a relative. Ectopia lentis is a possible consequence of trauma. The elderly patient herein presented suffered ectopia lentis and had evidence of other systemic trauma. The proper management of a patient of this type will be discussed.

Ectopia Lentis↗
PubMed1991

Metabolic acidosis induced by acetazolamide.

The carbonic anhydrase inhibitors that are used most frequently in ophthalmic practice are acetazolamide and methazolamide. They both are weak systemic diuretics and lower intraocular pressure ultimately by decreasing aqueous production. Unfortunately, they have a number of important side effects including the potentiation or exacerbation of metabolic acidosis. In some patients, this pH shift may be quite transient and temporary; whereas, in some patients with other maladies, the acidosis may be much more serious. The patient herein reported had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and had had a nephrectomy. Close patient monitoring is advisable in these types of patients.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of chalazia with intralesional triamcinolone injection.

Chalazia are commonly encountered lesions of the eyelids. They often resolve spontaneously or respond to a conservative therapeutic regimen. Chalazia not responding to this type of treatment are often referred for surgical extirpation. This article presents an alternative to surgery, namely intralesional injection of a synthetic glucocorticoid. Reports show a high success rate with few complications using this procedure. A patient with chronic bilateral chalazia was given intralesional injections after conservative therapy was unsuccessful. Two corticosteroid injections produced complete resolution of the lesions.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1990

Subconjunctival and external hemorrhage secondary to oral anticoagulation.

Recurrent, bilateral, and severe conjunctival hemorrhages mandate the search for an underlying etiology, such as a blood dyscrasia, blood clotting disorder, or recurrent increased intrathoracic pressure caused by repetitive vomiting or coughing spells. Medical and ophthalmic management is discussed in a case of subconjunctival and external hemorrhage from the eye secondary to prolonged prothrombin time in oral anticoagulation therapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

A pupil-sparing oculomotor palsy from a contralateral giant intracavernous carotid aneurysm.

A patient presenting with a left pupil-sparing oculomotor palsy and periorbital pain was subsequently found to have a giant saccular aneurysm of the right internal carotid artery within the cavernous sinus. The aneurysm was of the contralateral artery compared to the side of all presenting neuro-ophthalmic signs and symptoms. Diagnosis was achieved by bilateral carotid arteriography and surgical treatment with a Crutchfield arterial clamp and bypass graft has returned the patient essentially to normalcy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Atypical foveomacular vitelliform degeneration, adult type.

Foveomacular vitelliform degeneration, adult type (FVDAT) is a disciform, macular degeneration that is usually encountered in the fifth to seventh decade of life. It appears ophthalmoscopically similar to the vitelliform or "egg-yolk" stage of Best's disease (vitelliform degeneration), but shows no inheritance pattern. Electrooculographic (EOG) testing reveals a normal or only slightly reduced Arden ratio (light peak/dark trough). The prognosis is optimistic, as most patients retain reading vision throughout life. This case report describes an atypical case in which the signs and symptoms of FVDAT are not exactly those regularly seen. However, it does closely resemble the disease sufficiently to warrant this diagnosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Pediatric ocular phthiriasis infestation.

Although pubic lice infestation of ocular regions is relatively uncommon, the optometrist needs to be aware of the diagnosis and treatment of louse-infested patients. A case report of ocular phthiriasis is presented along with a discussion of its etiology, clinical diagnosis and management.

Blepharitis↗
PubMed1987

Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy.

The pathogenesis of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) is not fully understood. Some believe it to be a primary dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium while others assume that its development follows a choroidal vasculitis. It generally presents as a bilateral condition and shows no sex predilection. The visual prognosis is generally good, though severe and permanent visual loss occasionally occurs. The funduscopic presentation consists of multiple flat, yellow-white lesions of the posterior pole at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium. This paper discusses a case of APMPPE and reviews and summarizes the current literature on this disorder.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Differential diagnosis of spontaneous hyphema associated with central retinal vein occlusion.

Spontaneous hyphema refers to a nontraumatic hemorrhage in the anterior chamber. It is uncommon and may result from such conditions as rubeosis iridis, intraocular neoplasms, blood dyscrasias, severe iritis, fibrovascular membranes in the retrolental or zonular area, and vascular anomalies of the iris. A case is presented describing a spontaneous hyphema occurring as a result of iris neovascularization in a patient who suffered from occlusion of the central retinal vein. Spontaneous hyphema and the presenting ocular conditions as they pertain to its occurrence are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Mid-peripheral hemorrhages secondary to Waldenström's macroglobulinemia.

Waldenström's macroglobulinemia is a progressive neoplastic syndrome of the reticuloendothelial system and is characterized by the presence of monoclonal IgM paraproteins. The ocular manifestations of macroglobulinemia can include mid-peripheral hemorrhages, sludging of blood in the conjunctival vessels, blurred disc margins, exudates in the fundus and serous retinal detachment. Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and its ocular complications are herein presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Cromolyn sodium in ocular allergic diseases.

Cromolyn sodium is a highly effective topical anti-allergenic solution for the treatment of vernal, giant papillary, ragweed, and atopic conjunctivitis. It acts by inhibiting the release of histamine and thereby prevents the inflammatory response by subacute type I hypersensitivity reactions. The following paper reviews the drug action of cromolyn sodium and discusses its value in the treatment of type I ocular allergic diseases.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗