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J E Oesterling

Publications and source records attributed to J E Oesterling.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Predictive properties of serum-prostate-specific antigen testing in a community-based setting.

BACKGROUND: Most studies that have described the sensitivity and specificity of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a screening test have been conducted in urology practice settings or in media-based screening programs. The control patients from these settings may have a higher prevalence of urologic disorders that increase serum PSA levels than that of the general population in which screening efforts might take place, leading to biased estimates of sensitivity and specificity. OBJECTIVE: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of serum PSA levels for the early detection of prostate cancer in a population-based setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This population-based case-control study was conducted in Olmsted County, Minnesota, where the Rochester Epidemiology Project could identify all incident cases of prostate cancer through passive surveillance of medical care provided to local residents. Case patients were all 177 men (age range, 50-79 years) who were newly diagnosed as having prostate cancer from 1990 through 1992 and had a prediagnostic serum PSA determination (90% of all incident cases). Control patients were randomly selected from the Olmsted County population and had undergone a clinical examination to exclude prostate cancer. RESULTS: The median (25th and 75th percentiles) of serum PSA levels was 9.4 ng/mL (5.4 and 18.6 ng/mL, respectively) for case patients and 1.2 ng/mL (0.7 and 2.1 ng/mL, respectively) for control patients (P < .001). When sensitivity was plotted against 1-specificity, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.94 (SE, 0.01). The predictive power declined somewhat with age, with areas under the curve of 0.96, 0.94, and 0.90 for men in their 50s, 60s, and 70s, respectively. When cases were restricted to the 155 men with clinically localized disease, the area under the curve was essentially unchanged (0.94; SE, 0.01) and still much greater than the estimates of 0.75 that were reported from urology practice- and media-based settings. CONCLUSIONS: In a community-based setting, serum PSA levels provide better discrimination between men with and without clinically localized prostate cancer than has been observed in studies that were conducted in urologic practices. These results suggest that previous decision analyses may have underestimated the predictive value of PSA for the detection of prostate cancer in a primary care or community-wide screening program.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

Correlation of pretherapy prostate cancer characteristics with histologic findings from pelvic lymphadenectomy specimens.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify pretherapy factors associated with pelvic lymph node involvement (LNI) in patients with localized prostatic carcinoma (CaP), and to develop a model that would allow for estimation of this risk at the time of initial diagnosis. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between January 1988 and December 1992, 2439 patients with clinical Stage T1a-3cN0-XM0 CaP underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection as sole initial therapy at a single medical institution. Preoperative factors were evaluated for their association with pelvic LNI in univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. A model was developed that incorporated independent predictive variables, and probability plots were generated to estimate the likelihood of pelvic LNI in the patient with a new diagnosis of localized CaP. RESULTS: Within clinical tumor stage, three groups (Tla-2a, T2b-c, and T3) were identified in which the observed rate of pelvic LNI was distinctly different. Gleason primary grades were also combined (1-2, 3, and 4-5) because of a similar observation. Univariate analysis identified clinical tumor stage (p < 0.0001), Gleason primary grade (p < 0.0001), and serum prostate-specific antigen (p < 0.0001) as factors associated with pelvic LNI. Each of these variables retained independent significance (p < or = 0.0002) in the multivariate model. Patient age (p = 0.12) and history of prior transurethral resection of the prostate (p = 0.36) were not found to correlate with this endpoint. Probability plots provided an estimate of the likelihood for pelvic LNI according to the combination of pretherapy clinical tumor stage, Gleason primary grade, and serum prostate-specific antigen level. CONCLUSION: Clinical tumor stage as determined by digital rectal examination, Gleason primary grade of the diagnostic biopsy specimen, and pretherapy serum prostate-specific antigen value can be combined to estimate the probability of pelvic LNI for the patient with a new diagnosis of localized CaP. This information may be of value in directing the pretherapy diagnostic evaluation, as an aid in radiation therapy treatment planning, and in the conduct of clinical research efforts.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Interpreting results of prostate-specific antigen testing for early detection of prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Calculation of likelihood ratios for serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels to discriminate potentially curable prostate cancer in men selected for having benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or in randomly selected men. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of prospectively measured PSA levels. SETTING: A tertiary referral center, a multicenter randomized controlled trial, and a community-based study, all providing PSA data. PATIENTS: We used PSA measurements from four groups of men aged 50 to 79 years: 276 men with organ-confined prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy, 305 randomly selected men without clinical evidence of prostate cancer or a history of surgery for BPH recruited for a community study, 173 men without cancer but with BPH coming to prostatectomy, and 770 men without cancer and with symptoms of BPH enrolled in the North American finasteride clinical trial. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Age-standardized, stratum-specific likelihood ratios for organ-confined prostate cancer were calculated separately for unselected men in the community sample and for selected men with BPH (pooling both BPH populations). Likelihood ratios ranged from 0.2 for PSA between 0.0 and 2.0 ng/mL to 54.8 for a PSA level of 10.1 ng/mL or higher in unselected men, but rose to only 2.9 for PSA values of 10.1 ng/mL or higher in men with BPH. Forty percent of the men in the community study had moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms. In these men, likelihood ratios ranged from 0.2 for PSA values between 0.0 and 2.0 ng/mL to 17.2 for PSA values of 6.1 ng/mL or higher, while in men with no or mild symptoms, likelihood ratios rose to 26.9 for PSA values of 6.1 ng/mL or higher. CONCLUSIONS: Likelihood ratios for PSA test results allow stratification of men along a continuum of risk for prostate cancer. Likelihood ratios demonstrate that the ability of the PSA test to discriminate potentially curable prostate cancer from BPH is dramatically lower in men selected with lower urinary tract symptoms than in randomly selected men.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Adverse effects of medications on urinary symptoms and flow rate: a community-based study.

The relationship between urinary symptoms and medication use was investigated in a community-based cross-sectional study involving a random sample of 2115 men 40-79 years of age in Olmsted County, Minnesota. The American Urological Association Symptom Index (AUASI) was generated from a validated self-administered questionnaire. Medication use was assessed by in-person interviews. While 1087 men reported daily medication use, only 136 reported daily use of medications known to affect urinary function adversely, including antidepressants (42), antihistamines (23), and bronchodilators (43). Age-adjusted AUASI scores were higher in men reporting daily use of antidepressants, and the association persisted after additionally adjusting for the Depression and Anxiety subscales of the General Psychological Well-Being Scale (adjusted mean difference, 2.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.5-3.6; p = 0.008). The adjusted AUASI was also higher among men who took antihistamines daily (adjusted mean difference, 2.3; 95% CI, 0.3-4.3; p = 0.03). Lower age-adjusted urinary flow rates occurred with antidepressants, but not with antihistamines or bronchodilators. Clinicians evaluating men for causes of voiding dysfunction in accordance with the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of benign prostatic hyperplasia should be aware that daily use of antidepressants or antihistamines may be associated with AUASI scores that are two to three points higher than in men not taking these medications.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Natural history of prostatism: longitudinal changes in voiding symptoms in community dwelling men.

PURPOSE: We report the results of 3 contacts during 42 months of The Olmsted County Study of Urinary Symptoms and Health Status Among Men, a longitudinal cohort study of men 40 to 79 years old that was initiated in 1990 to describe changes in lower urinary tract symptom severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: At baseline and followup, men completed questionnaires that elicited urinary symptom severity with questions nearly identical to those of the American Urological Association symptom index: RESULTS: Overall, there was an average increase in American Urological Association symptom index of approximately 0.18 (95% confidence interval 0.13 to 0.24) points per year of followup. The average annual symptom score slope and variability in slope increased with patient age at baseline from a mean of 0.05 +/- 1.06 (standard deviation) per year among men in the forties to 0.44 +/- 1.35 per year for men in the sixties, and decreased to 0.14 +/- 1.42 per year for men in the seventies. The age-related changes in symptom severity mirror previous estimates of prostatic growth from autopsy prevalence studies. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate a slow but measurable progression in urinary symptom severity among community dwelling men for 42 months of followup.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Age- and race-specific reference ranges for prostate-specific antigen from a large community-based study.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the relationship of age and race to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels among participants in a community-based study. METHODS: A total of 77,700 records of men aged 40 to 79 years were analyzed from a longitudinal study of PSA conducted during Prostate Cancer Awareness Week 1993 and 1994. Records from 1994 were not included for men who were tested in 1993. All cases of prostate cancer were excluded. Records with outlier PSA values greater than 20 ng/mL were eliminated from the analysis (n = 190; 24%). RESULTS: Mean PSA values (ng/mL) of 10-year age groups differed significantly (P < 0.0001) between each group (ages 40-49, 0.83; 50-59, 1.23; 60-69, 1.83; 70-79, 2.31). In each successively older age group, PSA variance increased significantly (P = 0.0001). Standard deviations (SD) by age group were: 40-49, 0.79; 50-59, 1.33; 60-69, 1.94; and 70-79, 2.35. Significant differences in mean PSA by race were found. Pairwise differences in mean PSA were found between whites and blacks, whites and Latinos, blacks and Asians, and Asians and Latinos (P < 0.0001). No statistically significant differences in PSA variance between racial groups were found. Age-within-race analysis resulted in consistent statistical significance when comparing variance among age cohorts in each race. CONCLUSIONS: Age-specific PSA reference ranges are a result of the increasing mean PSA and increasing PSA variance in successively older cohorts of men. Mean PSA values differ significantly by race, but differences in PSA variance do not. The clinical significance of race-specific PSA reference ranges has yet to be determined.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Free, complexed, and total serum prostate-specific antigen concentrations and their proportions in predicting stage, grade, and deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy in patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

OBJECTIVES: Nearly half of men with clinically localized prostate cancer are understaged. We evaluated whether knowledge of preoperative free prostate-specific antigen (f-PSA), complexed (c-PSA), and total (t-PSA) concentrations or the ratios thereof (f-PSA/t-PSA, c-PSA/t-PSA, and f-PSA/c-PSA) could improve upon the staging of prostate cancer when compared with standard PSA testing (t-PSA). In addition, we examined their associations with tumor grade and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ploidy. METHODS: Two hundred ninety patients with prostate cancer, 178 (61%) of whom were treated with radical prostatectomy, formed the study group. RESULTS: Although there were significant differences in the f-PSA concentrations with respect to clinical stage, considerable overlap in PSA levels among the clinical substages was observed. Statistically significant differences but weak correlations were observed between the individual f-PSA, c-PSA, and t-PSA concentrations with regard to pathologic stage (organ-confined versus extraprostatic) and grade. No significant relationship, however, was observed with the three ratios. Higher PSA values were not always associated with a pathologic stage of pT3 or greater, and lower levels did not ensure that a tumor was organ-confined. Only a slight association was observed between c-PSA and t-PSA levels and DNA ploidy. No significant relationship was observed between the f-PSA levels as well as the three ratios with regard to DNA ploidy. A statistically significant improvement in predicting pathologic stage was observed when combining knowledge of preoperative t-PSA concentration with the c-PSA/t-PSA ratio. However, the area under the receiver operator characteristic curves was only slightly increased; as such this combination was of limited clinical utility. CONCLUSIONS: Statistically significant but weak correlations were observed between the molecular forms of PSA and stage, grade, and DNA ploidy. The significant overlap in f-PSA and c-PSA values among all stages, grades, and ploidy values precluded any useful predictive information for the individual patient. As such, preoperative knowledge of f-PSA and c-PSA values and the three ratios provided no additional diagnostic information over standard PSA (t-PSA) values alone.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of analysis of the different prostate-specific antigen forms in serum for detection of clinically localized prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVES: To compare different forms and ratios of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) to determine which form or ratio provides optimal diagnostic specificity and sensitivity in distinguishing between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and clinically localized prostate cancer. METHODS: Serum samples were obtained from 47 patients with BPH and 39 with clinically localized prostate cancer. Patients with BPH underwent either transurethral resection of the prostate or transurethral microwave thermotherapy. Patients with prostate cancer, all of whom had no metastases on radionucleotide bone scans and no pelvic lymph node involvement, underwent either radical external beam radiation therapy or radical retropubic prostatectomy. All patients had pretreatment serum PSA levels between 1 and 20 ng/mL. The different forms of serum PSA (free PSA [PSA-F], PSA complexed to alpha 1-antichymotrypsin [PSA-ACT], and total PSA [PSA-T]) were measured using different monoclonal antibodies against PSA and ACT and immunofluorometric assay techniques. Furthermore, three ratios (PSA-F/PSA-T, PSA-ACT/PSA-T, and PSA-F/PSA-ACT) were calculated. RESULTS: By receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the performance of the different forms and ratios were compared. The PSA-F/PSA-T ratio had the greatest area under the curve (AUC, 0.776), significantly larger than that for PSA-T (0.612; P = 0.024). For PSA-ACT/PSA-T, the AUC was 0.695 (P = 0.283 versus PSA-T) and 0.773 for PSA-F/PSA-ACT (P = 0.051 versus PSA-T). At a cutoff level < 0.17, PSA-F/PSA-T had a sensitivity of 79%, a specificity of 66%, and a positive predictive value of 66% compared with 74%, 38%, and 50%, respectively, for PSA-T at a cutoff level > 4.0 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS: The PSA-F/PSA-T ratio gives the best diagnostic performance compared with that for other forms and ratios of PSA and will reduce the number of prostatic biopsies in patients with BPH.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Half-life determination of serum free prostate-specific antigen following radical retropubic prostatectomy.

OBJECTIVES: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) continues to be the the most clinically useful tumor marker for prostate cancer. Recently, several molecular forms of PSA have been detected and characterized. These specific forms, including free PSA and PSA complexed to alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, can be measured and their proportions determined. In doing so, the sensitivity of PSA as a tumor marker can be maintained while the specificity is improved. In order to maximize the clinical utility of free PSA, the half-life and elimination kinetics of free PSA from the serum were determined. METHODS: Twenty-five patients, ages 43-74 years (mean 60 years) with biopsy proven, organ-confined adenocarcinoma of the prostate who underwent anatomic radical retropubic prostatectomy, were identified. For each patient, venous blood samples were obtained preoperatively, and at 60-minute intervals beginning 1 hour after the prostate was removed. The specimens were handled and stored in a consistent fashion. Using the AxSYM immunoassay analyzer (Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, IL), the serum free PSA values were determined and plotted as a function of time for each patient. From the 25 individual elimination curves that were generated, the half-life of serum free PSA was determined. RESULTS: The mean half-life of serum free PSA was 110 minutes +/- 18.6 minutes (SD). Analysis of the individual and cumulative elimination curves indicates that the elimination of free PSA from the serum following radical prostatectomy follows a biphasic pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Unlike PSA, which has a half life of 2-3 days, the half-life of serum free PSA is 110 minutes (1.83 hours). This short half-life may have significant implications for the use of percentage of free PSA as a clinically useful tool in distinguishing patients with early, curable prostate cancer from men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) only.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Multicenter comparison of the diagnostic performance of free prostate-specific antigen.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the multicenter clinical performance of noncomplexed (free) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in men presenting with total PSA values between 2.5 to 20 ng/mL. METHODS: Prebiopsy serum samples were obtained from 1,081 consecutively accrued, histologically diagnosed men between the ages of 40 and 75 years with total PSA values falling between 2.5 and 20 ng/mL. Total PSA was determined by either the Tosoh AIA-1200 or Hybritech method. Free PSA values were determined using the Dianon PSA II immunoradiometric method. Free PSA was expressed as a percentage of total PSA. Immunochemistry was performed at each accrual site. RESULTS: Among men diagnosed with prostate cancer (CaP), only 4% (21/520) had proportions of free to total PSA values > 25%. Conversely, among men with benign prostatic disease, only 2% (13/561) had proportions of free to total PSA values < 7%. These results confirm those of previous research. Differences among sites were found in age and prostate volume. CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm that free PSA values < 7% are highly suspicious for CaP whereas free PSA values > 25% suggest absence of malignancy. The data also suggest that age and/or prostate volume influences the serum level of free PSA but does not affect the diagnostic cutoff points of 7% and 25%. Future analysis is needed to confirm that younger men with small prostates are at higher risk for CaP.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

In vitro stability of free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) complexed to alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in blood samples.

OBJECTIVES: To study the in vitro stability of free and complexed forms of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in blood samples in order to establish guidelines for specimen handling, in particular for the clinical utility of the analysis of percentage free PSA. METHODS: Blood samples were collected and processed to generate serum, heparin plasma, and EDTA plasma. Three different two-site immunoassays were used to measure the concentrations of total PSA (PSA-T), free form of PSA (PSA-F), and PSA-alpha 1-antichymotrypsin complex (PSA-ACT) in order to determine the effect of repeated freezing and thawing, delayed separation of serum from blood cells, and stability during storage at 4 degrees C and 30 degrees C. RESULTS: Five cycles of freezing and thawing introduced no statistically significant changes in the measured concentrations of PSA-T, PSA-F, or PSA-ACT. The effect of storing blood samples at room temperature for 1-6 h before separation of serum revealed a statistically significant decrease only for PSA-F after 5.5 h of storage (mean decrease 3.5%). PSA-T and PSA-ACT showed good stability in both serum and plasma samples, whereas PSA-F, after 1 week of storage at 4 degrees C, decreased on average by 28.8%, 7.8%, and 5.6%, respectively, in serum, heparin plasma, and EDTA plasma. The decreases of PSA-F at 4 degrees C were statistically significant (P < 0.05) relative to the controls (samples stored at -20 degrees C) after storage for 23 h in serum, 86 h in heparin plasma, and 71 h in EDTA plasma. When the same samples were stored at 30 degrees C for 24 h, only the mean decrease of PSA-F (4.8%) in serum was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: PSA-F in blood samples is less stable than PSA-ACT. It is not advisable to store samples on the clot, especially if time and temperature cannot be controlled. Serum samples should be stored frozen if not analyzed during the same day. After thawing, samples can be stored up to 23 h at 4 degrees C prior to analysis. The use of plasma samples improves the stability of free PSA.

Edetic Acid↗
PubMed1996

The Hytrin Community Assessment Trial study: a one-year study of terazosin versus placebo in the treatment of men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. HYCAT Investigator Group.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the clinical effectiveness and safety of alpha(1)-blockade therapy versus placebo in the treatment of men with moderate to severe symptoms of prostatism in a community-based population under usual care conditions. METHODS: The Hytrin Community Assessment Trial is a prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blinded, 1-year clinical trial, conducted at 15 academic medical centers (regional sites) and 141 private urology practices (satellite sites). A total of 2084 men at least 55 years old with moderate to severe symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) as determined by an American Urological Association (AUA) Symptom Score (AUA-SS) of 13 or more points and a bother score (AUA-BS) of 8 or more were enrolled. Randomized patients at regional sites were required to have a peak urinary flow rate less that 15 mL/s with voided volume of at least 150 mL. Treatment with terazosin was initiated with 1 mg daily for 3 days, followed by 2 mg daily for 25 days. Thereafter, patients were titrated stepwise to 5 or 10 mg if they failed to achieve a 35% or greater improvement in the AUA-SS. Primary outcome measures were AUA-SS, AUA-BS, BPH Impact Index (BII), disease-specific quality of life (QQL) score, and treatment failure as defined as discontinuation due to persistent or worsening symptoms or need for surgical intervention for BPH. Secondary outcome measures were peak urinary flow rate and postvoid residual urine volume. RESULTS: AUA-SS (0 to 35 point scale) improved from a baseline mean of 20.1 points by 37.8% during terazosin (n=976) and by 18.4% during placebo (n=973) treatment (P<0.001). Similarly, statistically superior improvements were observed in regard to the AUA-BS, BII, and the QQL score in the terazosin-treated patients. Peak urinary flow rate improved from a baseline of 9.6 mL/s (both regional treatment groups) by 2.2 mL/s in the terazosin group (n=137) and by 0.7 mL/s in the placebo group (n=140) (P< or = 0.05). Treatment failure occurred in 11.2% of terazosin- and 25.4% of placebo-treated patients (P<0.001; Kaplan-Meier adjusted withdrawal rates of 365 days). Withdrawal from study drug treatment due to adverse events occurred in 19.7% of terazosin- and 15.2% of placebo-treated patients (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Terazosin given once daily in a dose ranging from 2 to 10 mg in community-based urology practices under conditions simulating usual care is effective in reducing the symptoms, perception of bother, and the impairment of QQL due to urinary symptoms in men with moderate to severe symptoms of prostatism. This effect is superior to placebo and maintained over 12 months of follow-up. Clinical research outcome studies in BPH can be conducted in community-based practices, thus simulating as closely as possible "usual care" conditions.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1996

The cost-effectiveness of terazosin and placebo in the treatment of moderate to severe benign prostatic hyperplasia.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness and functional status effects of terazosin, an alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist, compared with placebo in the treatment of men with moderate to severe, symptomatic, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial of 2084 patients was conducted at 15 academic regional centers and 141 community-based satellite centers. Information about the use of health care resources and non-disease-specific functional status measures was collected by a standardized telephone interview of patients at baseline and every month thereafter for 12 months. Other information, such as American Urologic Association (AUA) disease-specific functional status scores, was obtained from the patient study records. Patients had a mean age of 65.7 years (range, 46 to 94), with a clinical diagnosis of BPH. At baseline men had at least moderate BPH symptoms by AUA Symptom score (13 or more) and Bother Score (8 or more). On entry, patients at regional sites had peak urinary flow rates 15 mL/s or less and total voided urine volumes 150 mL or greater. A total of 1053 patients were randomized to terazosin and 1031 to placebo treatment. Primary outcome measures included payments for all direct medical resource consumption (inpatient care, emergency department care, outpatient care, and medications); changes in three AUA disease-specific functional status indicators, (Symptom, Bother, and Quality of Life scores), and non-disease-specific functional status measures (days of work loss, days of customary activity loss, and days of bed rest). RESULTS: Total payments for health care resource (including study drug medication), adjusted to reflect 1000 patients per treatment group, were $3,781,803 and $3,568,263 in the placebo and terazosin groups, respectively. All three AUA disease-specific functional status scores improved significantly more in the terazosin group than in the placebo group. We found no difference between terazosin and placebo in all three nonspecific functional status measures. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with placebo, terazosin therapy for moderate to severe symptomatic BPH results in approximately equivalent payments for direct medical care, better disease-specific functional status improvement, and comparable change in non-disease-specific functional status measures.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1996

Neurofibromatosis with involvement of the prostate gland.

Urologic manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 are rare. The most common urologic area of involvement has been the urinary bladder. Prostate involvement in generalized neurofibromatosis has been noted previously in only 10 patients, 3 of whom were adults. Of these 3, 1 had a neurofibroma, 1 had a malignant schwannoma, and 1 patient died before tissue diagnosis could be obtained. The patient discussed in this report is the second known adult patient with biopsy-proven neurofibroma of the prostate gland. In addition, this is the first reported use of endorectal magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate to localize and specify the extent of neurofibromas in these patients.

Adult↗