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Biomedical subjects

J E Mulvihill

Publications and source records attributed to J E Mulvihill.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Professional careers of 258 graduates of a 'fifth pathway' program.

Two hundred fifty-eight graduates (80%) of a fifth pathway program provided information about their professional careers. Fifty-nine percent practice primary care medicine, 25% are surgeons, and 16% are in support services such as psychiatry and radiology. Fifty-four percent are board certified, many of whom are doubly-board certified and some of whom hold prestigious academic positions. We conclude that properly educated fifth pathway graduates can become productive and respected members of the medical profession and contribute significantly to meeting the health-care needs of the patients and communities they serve.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1983

Specialty choices and board certifications of 'fifth pathway' graduates.

We studied the specialty choices and board certification status of 258 graduates over a ten-year period of a single "fifth pathway" program. Not including obstetrics and gynecology as a primary care specialty, 54% of our graduates chose primary care specialties. Including obstetrics and gynecology, the number increased to 63%. Thirty-five of 158 graduates through 1978 are specialty board certified and another 49 are board eligible. We believe that our program has fulfilled the need of assisting Americans studying medicine abroad, primarily in Mexico, to overcome their clinical deficits and become integrated into the mainstream of American medicine. The future role of fifth pathway programs must be reevaluated in light of the 1980 Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee report, which concluded that by 1990, there will be an overabundance of physicians in the United States.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1982

The development of an altered gingival crevicular microflora in the alloxan-diabetic rat.

The microflora of the rat gingival crevice were examined at various time intervals after inducing experimental diabetes. A variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cocci and short rods were isolated from the normal rat crevice. Within a week after alloxan administration, Leptotrichia buccalis was detected for the first time. Other features in the diabetic animals included an increased frequency of isolation of Proteus spp., Lactobacillus spp. and decrease of Escherichia coli. Occasionally, a decrease was also observed in Bacteroides spp. and Streptococcus spp. No difference was observed between diabetic and non-diabetic animals in the isolation of Selonomonas, Campylobacter, Bifidobacterium and Actinomyces. Plaque accumulation was markedly increased in the diabetic rats. It was concluded that the change in gingival microflora resulted from diabetes-induced alterations in the sulcular environment (such as increased substrate levels, e.g. glucose and urea, and decreased oxygen) and that the microbiological changes preceded the depending of the periodontal pocket.

Alloxan↗
PubMed1982

Resolved: that a fifth year of dental education be a requirement. Remarks for the affirmative.

Evidence has been presented that leading deans of dental schools and leaders of the AADS support the assertion that the current four-year dental curriculum is overcrowded. Furthermore, it has been shown that the magnitude of the problem of overcrowding is regarded as serious and has been so recognized for at least twenty years. Evidence was also presented that educators, students, and the practicing profession support the assertion that the current four-year curriculum does not prepare students adequately for dental practice. Evidence was then presented that the overcrowding and inadequacies of the current curriculum cannot be corrected by merely manipulating or restructuring curricular elements within the context of predental and four years of predoctoral education. Finally, it was shown that, in the opinion of educators and students, the overcrowding and inadequacies of the current four-year curriculum can be overcome by establishing a fifth year of dental education as a requirement.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1980

The scope, goals, and objectives of graduate dental education--II.

This position paper on the "Scope, Goals, and Objectives of Graduate Dental Education" provides a discussion of basic working definitions and an attenuated historical review of graduate dental education, with special emphasis on the evolution of goals and objectives of graduate dental education. The goals and objectives are presented in a general context, and the following factors affecting them are discussed: (1) type of program (postgraduate or graduate) and desired end-product; (2) the specific discipline or specialty (including commentary on goals and objectives of each existing dental specialty and general practice residency program), and the suggestion for the creation of one additional specialty (dental anesthesiology); and (3) the institutional setting, with special emphasis on the role of the hospital in dental education. Suggestions or recommendations for further consideration or possible action are shown in italics throughout the paper.

American Dental Association↗
PubMed1979

American foreign medical graduates. Performance after a year of supervised clinical clerkships (fifth pathway).

The performance during graduate medical education of Americans who have studied medicine abroad and who have taken a year of intense and closely supervised clinical clerkships (fifth pathway program) was assessed. Only 14% of such house officers were given inadequate or below-average ratings in overall clinical performance by residency program directors. Ninety percent or more received average, good, very good, or excellent evaluations in their ability to take medical histories and perform physical examinations, in their response to instruction, in behavior and interpersonal relationships, and in appearance and emotional stability. Seventy percent were said to be as good as or better than house staff in general. Carefully selected and properly motivated Americans who have studied medicine in a foreign country can become good physicians following a well-organized, comprehensive closely supervised year of clinical clerkship education.

Asia↗
PubMed1979

Collagenolytic activity of crevicular fluid and of adjacent gingival tissue.

The fluid in and gingival tissue lining periodontal pockets were collected from male patients undergoing periodontal therapy. The collagenolytic activity of the crevicular fluid, and the ability of the gingiva in culture to degrade (a) an exogenous collagen substrate, and (b) endogenous collagen newly synthesized and labeled with H3-hydroxyproline, were related to the severity of gingival inflammation. Although inflammation appeared to have only a slight effect on gingival collagenolytic activity and on the turnover of collagen newly synthesized in culture, a marked effect was observed on the collagenase activity in the crevicular fluid. This study suggests that the collagen destructive activity of the periodontal lesion can be assessed by monitoring crevicular fluid collagenolytic activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A prototype 'fifth pathway' program for Americans studying abroad.

A problem of American citizens studying medicine abroad is reviewed along with that of foreign medical graduates who are foreign nationals, and a prototype "fifth pathway" program is briefly described. The objective of the program is the return of qualified American students who study medicine abroad to the mainstream of contemporary American medical education and the preparation of these students for further graduate education and the fulfillment of responsible roles in the delivery of health care.

Clinical Competence↗