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Biomedical subjects

J E Leclerc

Publications and source records attributed to J E Leclerc.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Effect of regular physical exercise on resting nasal resistance.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine (1) if long-term regular training changes resting nasal resistance in humans and (2) if the changes are related to the structural component or mucosal component of nasal resistance. METHODS: We used a case-control study to compare a group of 16 athletes to 15 sedentary people of similar age. Nasal resistance was measured by computerized head-out body plethysmograph posterior rhinometry. Physical activity was evaluated by the Baecke questionnaire. RESULTS: The p values (t-test) were very significant for the Baecke sports and total scores (p < .0001) but not for the other variables: age, untreated nasal resistances, decongested nasal resistances, and Baecke work and leisure scores. There were no significant correlations between nasal resistances and indexes of physical activity in all subjects (Pearson's correlation coefficient). The subjects with extremely low and high sports and total scores were paired and studied with the Signed test and the Wilcoxon signed rank test. No significant relationship was found between the nasal resistances and the Baecke scores. CONCLUSIONS: Resting nasal resistances in a group of endurance-trained athletes are identical to those found in a group of sedentary individuals, and this relationship stands for both the structural and mucosal components of nasal resistance. A new study of the same parameters is warranted to follow a cohort of sedentary subjects as they enroll in a physical training program.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Trends in hospital stay for five congenital malformations in the province of Quebec (1983-1995).

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the evolution of hospital stays and utilization of outpatient facilities for the treatment of five congenital malformations (choanal atresia, isolated cleft lip, isolated cleft palate, branchial cyst-sinus and thyroglossal duct cyst-sinus). METHOD: A retrospective review of MED-ECHO data for the province of Quebec from 1983 to 1995 was conducted. RESULTS: For three of the five studied malformations (cleft palate, branchial cyst-sinus, and thyroglossal duct cyst-sinus), there has been a trend toward reduced hospital stay and increased utilization of out-patient facilities. CONCLUSION: There has been a general tendency to reduce hospital stays even in procedures with potential airway and bleeding complications.

Branchioma↗
PubMed1999

Consensus on ambulatory care among Quebec otolaryngologists.

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to obtain consensus on the suitability (or nonsuitability) of outpatient facilities for 15 ENT surgical procedures, to identify the factors involved in the decision making, and to use the Delphi method to evaluate it for this purpose. METHOD: A prospective study of 26 practising otolaryngologists in the Province of Quebec, using the Delphi method (3 rounds), was conducted. Fifteen adult and nine paediatric surgical procedures were included. RESULTS: Consensus (85% agreement) was obtained for eight procedures: septoplasty, rhinoplasty, endoscopic sinus surgery, otoplasty, mastotympanoplasty, lymph node biopsy, and branchial cyst excision (outpatient procedures) and tracheostomy (inpatient procedure). CONCLUSION: The Delphi method has been useful in initiating a process of rationalization about outpatient surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Argyremia in septal cauterization with silver nitrate.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate silver absorption in blood and hair specimens after septal cauterization with silver nitrate and to discuss the potential toxicity of silver. METHOD: A prospective study of 11 volunteers without any known occupational exposure to silver products or past history of septal cauterization with silver nitrate was undertaken. Subjects were recruited in an academic tertiary care centre from October 1996 to September 1997. The study population consisted of five patients with anterior epistaxis and six healthy volunteers without any bleeding problem. Cauterization was done with one or two silver nitrate applicators directly on the bleeding vessel or Kiesselbach's area. Blood was sampled before cauterization and at specified times after application, while hair strands were sampled only 3 months later. Measurements of silver concentration in whole blood and in hair segments were obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Silver concentrations in whole blood increased significantly after cauterization (p = .02). The measured peak level seemed to correlate with the number of applicators used. No significant increase in silver concentration was observed in hair samples. CONCLUSIONS: Effective silver absorption occurs with only one or two silver nitrate applicators. Hair has not been as reliable as whole blood to document an acute and fragmentary exposure. The indiscriminate use of silver nitrate is a potential source of silver intoxication.

Absorption↗
PubMed1987

Choanal atresia and associated anomalies.

The authors have studied 130 cases of choanal malformation. They found 53 bilateral atresias, 51 unilateral atresias and 26 cases of choanal stenosis. Fifty-seven of these cases were associated with other anomalies and 38 had at least two features of the CHARGE association (C, colobomas; H, heart defects; A, atresia choanae; R, retarded growth; G, genito-urinary defects; E, ear defects). The pathogenesis of choanal atresia in regard to the abnormal migration of neuroectodermal cells is discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1985

Schwannomas of the vagus nerve in the head and neck.

The authors report two cases of Schwannomas, one occurring in the tracheal lumen and the other in the tracheo-esophageal groove. The latter imitated a thyroid "cold" nodule at scintigraphic and echographic investigation. A complete review of the literature on Schwannomas of the vagus nerve in the head and neck is included. Clinical features, differential diagnosis, investigation, and management of these lesions are discussed.

Cranial Nerve Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Warfarin embryopathy--a case report.

This is a case report of an infant born with nasal hypoplasia, stippling of epiphyses, and toe deformities. This embryopathy is due to maternal ingestion of Warfarin during pregnancy. Other defects including ophthalmologic and neurologic abnormalities also occur, but the nasal malformation is the only constant clinical feature.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1972

Postreplication repair of ultraviolet damage in Haemophilus influenzae.

The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesized following ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of wild-type (Rd) and recombination-defective strains of Haemophilus influenzae has been analyzed by alkaline sucrose gradient sedimentation. Strain Rd and a UV-resistant, recombination-defective strain Rd(DB117) (rec-) are able to carry out postreplication repair, i.e., close the single-strand gaps in the newly synthesized DNA; in the UV-sensitive, recombination-defective strain DB117, the gaps remain open. The lack of postreplication repair in this strain may be the result of degradation of the newly synthesized DNA.

Carbon Isotopes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Physiological modulation of eustachian tube function.

The effect of changing body position on the Eustachian tube opening time (TOT) and nasal conductance (NC) was investigated in 5 subjects. Eustachian tube function was evaluated using a sonotubometric technique and NC was determined by anterior or posterior rhinomanometry. The results showed that both the TOT and NC were decreased by changing the body position from erect to recumbent. On a different day, Eustachian tube function and rhinomanometry tests were repeated every 30 min over a 5-7 h period. The results documented a nasal cycle in all subjects. Moreover, TOT tracked the ipsilateral NC in 3 subjects and the contralateral NC in 2 subjects. Since TOT measures mucosal venous congestion, these findings suggest that the tubal mucosa also experiences autonomically modulated cyclic fluctuations.

Adult↗