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Biomedical subjects

J E Kent

Publications and source records attributed to J E Kent.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Specific serum protein changes associated with primary and secondary Strongylus vulgaris infections in pony yearlings.

The concentrations of haptoglobin, immunoglobin (Ig)G(T) and IgG were measured in the serum of four previously parasite-free pony yearlings following a single dose of 700 (Group H) or 200 (Group L) stage three Strongylus vulgaris larvae (L3) and following a reinfection with the same doses 34 weeks later. The results are compared with an uninfected control pony. The haptoglobin concentration increased during Weeks 1 to 6 and 14 to 17 after infection in the serum of the ponies receiving 200 L3, but in only one pony dosed with 700 L3 (during Weeks 1 to 16). The serum haptoglobin also increased during the first seven weeks after the second infection, in three of the four ponies following the second dose of larvae. The serum IgG(T) concentration started to increase from Week 6 or 9 in the ponies given 700 L3, reaching peaks of 44 and 32 g/litre respectively, eight to nine weeks later, compared with a peak of 16 g/litre 20 to 22 weeks after infection in ponies dosed with 200 L3. The IgG(T) concentration increased to a maximum of 25 g/litre in the serum of only one of the four ponies after the reinfection. The serum IgG concentration in all ponies increased nearly twofold during the first eight weeks after both the primary and secondary dose of larvae. It is concluded that the measurement of specific proteins is more reliable and quicker than the electrophoretic separation and quantitation of protein bands, in tracing changes in serum proteins following the artificial infection of ponies with S vulgaris larvae.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Serum protein changes in ponies on different parasite control programmes.

Serum protein responses were examined in 52 ponies divided into five groups and subjected to various control strategies that resulted in pasture infectivity ranging from 706 to 18,486 infective third stage, cyathostome and Trichostrongylus axei larvae per kilogram of herbage (L3/kg) by 17 September 1984. Major protein changes occurred only in young ponies (Groups 4 and 5) and were observed before exposure to maximum numbers of pasture larvae (Group 4; 10,210 L3/kg, Group 5: 10,042 L3/kg) on 17 September. It appeared that a primary infection of T axei was a greater stimulus to serum beta-globulin and immunoglobulin (Ig)G(T) responses that provided by continued infection with cyathostome (small strongyle) worms. The large strongyles (Strongylus vulgaris, S edentatus and S equinus) were not detected in any larval cultures or on pastures grazed by the young ponies. A fall in beta-globulin and IgG(T) concentrations of Group 5 ponies one month after treatment with ivermectin indicated a larvicidal action against T axei and/or the cyathostomes. A subsequent rise in serum albumin concentrations of Group 5 ponies suggested that a protein-losing gastroenteropathy had been alleviated by the larvicidal action of ivermectin. Mature control ponies (Group 1) showed little beta-globulin response and only a modest IgG(T) response in six of the 10 ponies after exposure to heavily infected lawns (18,486 L3/kg) in September 1984. It was concluded that serum protein and IgG(T) responses were of limited value as an aid to diagnosis of parasitism because of numerous difficulties of interpretation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Turbidimetric measurement of IgG(T) in the serum of healthy Thoroughbreds and ponies.

The turbidimetric analysis of IgG(T) in the serum of horses is described. Reference values are provided for 'worm-free' ponies (2.6 +/- 0.7 g/litre), stabled Thoroughbreds two years old and over (4.1 +/- 1.3 g/litre), grazing Thoroughbred broodmares (7.1 +/- 2.4 g/litre) and regularly wormed adult and young ponies grazing pasture contaminated with intestinal parasite eggs and larvae.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Measurement of IgG in equine blood by immunoturbidimetry and latex agglutination.

This paper describes the quantitative measurement of IgG concentrations in equine blood/serum by turbidimetric analysis and the qualitative assessment using latex agglutination. The concentration of IgG in foal serum measured by turbidimetry correlated well with the results obtained by radial immunodiffusion (r = 0.91) and the gamma-globulins estimated from the electrophoresis of serum on cellulose acetate (r = 0.92). The method, using antibody-coated latex beads, to detect foals with serum IgG concentrations of less than 4 g/litre (whole blood less than 2 g/litre) proved to be accurate in 96 per cent of cases and provided a quick and simple qualitative test, suitable for use outside the laboratory.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Dissolution fractions and half-times of single source yellowcake in simulated lung fluids.

Thirty-five samples of yellowcake, the primary product of uranium milling, were obtained from industry. Samples were selected from the archives of 6 yr of yellowcake production from a single uranium milling operation. Ten representative samples were selected on the basis of color variation and chemical composition. Dissolution fractions and half-times were obtained using both simulated interstitial and simulated surfactant lung fluids maintained in vials submerged in a shaker water bath at 37 degrees C for 26 days. Samples were collected at 12 different time intervals and fresh simulant replaced. Uranium concentrations were analyzed by fluorometric methods using ASTM techniques. The fraction of the uranium undissolved, F, can be well modelled by the sum of three exponential terms: (See formula in text). Dissolution fractions and half-times in the two simulated lung fluids were found to be not significantly different. The point estimates for the six parameters (three fractions of the amount of uranium and the three associated half-times for dissolution) based on the analyses are: f1 equals 16.0% and t1/2(1) equals 3.5 hr, f2 equals 16.5% and t1/2(2) equals 4.4 days, and f3 equals 67.5% and t1/2(3) equals 224 days. The final characterization of yellowcake resulting from this investigation strongly suggests that dissolution rates of yellowcake from a single source may be individually process specific or site specific.

Extracellular Space↗
PubMed1982

Selenium status of thoroughbreds in the United Kingdom.

The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was measured in the erythrocytes of 600 Thoroughbred horses in training; the selenium concentrations in whole blood and serum was measured in over 80 of these Thoroughbreds. A quadratic relationship was demonstrated between erythrocyte GSH-Px and whole blood or serum selenium concentration. There was no significant difference in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, or gamma-glutamyl transferase in the serum of Thoroughbreds with high erythrocyte GSH-Px activity (more than 25 u/ml) when compared with those with low erythrocyte GSH-Px activity (less than 15 u/ml).

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Observations on the isoenzymes of creatine kinase in equine serum and tissues.

The isoenzymes of creatine kinase have been measured in serum and selected tissues from horses. The distribution followed that reported in other species in that the MM dimer of the isoenzyme was present in voluntary and non-voluntary muscle, thyroid, liver, spleen, lung and intestine. The BB dimer of the isoenzyme was predominant in brain, pancreas, kidney, intestine, lung, spleen, liver and thyroid. In contrast, in 4 hearts examined less than 1.5 per cent of the total creatine kinase activity was attributable to the MB form of the isoenzyme. The MB isoenzyme was, however, present in intestine and spleen. In this series the isoenzymes were separated by ion exchange chromatography and their presence confirmed by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. It was concluded that as insignificant quantities of MB isoenzyme are present in equine heart, measurement of this isoenzyme in serum cannot be used to detect myocardial or cardiac damage in the horse. Further detailed studies need to be undertaken to assess the clinical relevance of the isoenzyme pattern in serum or other body fluids, if the measurement of creatine kinase isoenzymes in serum is to be used as a diagnostic aid.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Serum constituents of red deer (Cervus elaphus).

The concentrations of proteins, total bilirubin, calcium and inorganic phosphate and the activities of some enzymes were measured in the sera from 49 red deer. The results were analysed with respect to age, season and sex.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Some serum constituents of fallow deer (Dama dama).

The concentrations of calcium, inorganic phosphorus, proteins and total bilirubin and the activities of some enzymes in the sera of 54 fallow deer are presented. Electrophoresis of the serum proteins indicate that fallow deer have a single alpha-globulin whereas red deer have two.

Animals↗