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Biomedical subjects

J E Fitzpatrick

Publications and source records attributed to J E Fitzpatrick.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Familial cervical hypertrichosis with underlying kyphoscoliosis.

A family with congenital localized hypertrichosis transmitted in an autosomal dominant pattern is presented. The excessive hair growth was localized to the cervical region and was associated with underlying kyphoscoliosis. No additional cutaneous or skeletal abnormalities were identified. To our knowledge these are the first cases of familial congenital cervical hypertrichosis associated with underlying kyphoscoliosis reported in the literature.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Papillary mesenchymal bodies: a histologic finding useful in differentiating trichoepitheliomas from basal cell carcinomas.

To distinguish a basal cell carcinoma (BCC) from a trichoepithelioma can be difficult even for an experienced dermatopathologist. Previously reported differentiating histologic features are relative criteria that may be shared by both tumors. In a review of 30 consecutive cases each of trichoepitheliomas, keratotic BCC, and routine BCC, classic criteria were compared with papillary mesenchymal body formation. Papillary mesenchymal bodies are distinct fibroblastic aggregations that represent abortive attempts to form the papillary mesenchyme responsible for hair induction. Papillary mesenchymal bodies were observed in 93% of all trichoepitheliomas, 7% of all keratotic BCC, and 0% of all routine BCC. Hair bulb formation was observed in 30% of trichoepitheliomas and in none of the BCC. We conclude that papillary mesenchymal body formation is an easily recognizable histologic criterion that is more reliable in differentiating these two tumors than standard criteria, including epidermal connections, keratinization, calcification, foreign body reaction, fibrosis, stromal retraction, tumor mucin, ulceration, frondlike epithelial pattern, and the inflammatory response.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Platelet function and ABO blood group.

An influence of the ABO blood group on von Willebrand and Factor VIII:C levels is known. Von Willebrand factor interacts with at least two platelet membrane receptors, but the effect of ABO group on platelet function is an unstudied area. The authors examined platelet function in 40 plateletpheresis donors using an impedance lumi-aggregometer. Aggregation responses to collagen, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and ristocetin were measured and the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release to thrombin. Twenty donors were Group O and 20 were Group A. Measurements of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWf:Ag), Factor VIII: C, and ristocetin co-factor (RiCoF) in the same group showed reduced levels of vWf:Ag and Factor VIII:C in Group O, as previously reported. The aggregation response to collagen and ADP and the release of ATP did not differ. The aggregation response to ristocetin, however, was better in Group O than in Group A despite the lower vWf:Ag levels. The explanation for this is unclear, but the data suggest an influence of blood group antigens on the interaction between von Willebrand's factor and platelets.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1989

Whole blood aggregometry. Influence of sample collection and delay in study performance on test results.

The method of sample collection and time interval from venipuncture to test performance is considered to be important in platelet function testing. Platelet function studies can be performed in whole blood with the use of an impedance lumi-aggregometer, and an examination of the influence of these variables on the outcome of such a study is important. Twelve healthy donors had blood drawn with the use of conventional approach for platelet function testing and a Vacutainer method. Platelet function studies were performed at three time points over a three-hour period. No significant differences in results were observed between the methods of collection and the time to test performance. It is concluded that for platelet function screening in whole blood, with the use of an impedance lumi-aggregometer, a Vacutainer sample maintained at room temperature and tested within three hours is satisfactory.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1989

Whole blood aggregation using impedance and particle counter methods.

Platelet function in platelet-rich plasma may be evaluated using an optical or electrical impedance method. Platelet function in whole blood may be studied using an impedance or particle counter method. A comparison of these techniques in whole blood has not been performed. Twenty-four healthy subjects were studied using both techniques over a range of concentrations of collagen and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Although broad similarities exist, discordant patterns occur in individual subjects. The particle counter method is capable of detecting small aggregates and thus is more sensitive. The impedance aggregometer detects only larger aggregate formation. These techniques are complementary rather than competitive and may have considerable potential in profiling platelet function.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1989

Common inflammatory skin diseases of the elderly.

Elderly patients are more likely than the general population to have significant cutaneous diseases due to structural changes, alteration of immunologic response, and different environmental influences. This review focuses on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of the most common inflammatory dermatoses likely to be encountered in the geriatric population.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Cutaneous nerve elimination following punch biopsy.

We report the first case of cutaneous nerve elimination following routine punch biopsy and primary closure. The appearance of a delicate whitish strand from a healed biopsy site, which produces lancinating pain, may represent an extruded cutaneous nerve. This case was treated successfully with simple transection of the nerve at its portal of exit.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

Effect of minoxidil on platelet function and the synthesis of prostaglandins in platelets.

At the 12.5 micrograms level, minoxidil prevents the irreversible aggregation of platelets by 2 x 10(-6) mol/L adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Levels of minoxidil greater than 12.5 micrograms cause a reversal of primary aggregation by 2 x 10(-6) mol/L ADP. Aggregation of platelets in response to 125 micrograms of arachidonic acid is measurably reduced by 12.5 micrograms of minoxidil and totally suppressed by 30 micrograms. Concurrent with the inhibition of platelet aggregation, increasing concentrations of minoxidil cause a gradual reduction in the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TxB2). In the presence of 100 micrograms of minoxidil, PGE2 is reduced from a control value of 87.7 +/- 2.2 pg/ml to 23.9 +/- 3.2 pg/ml. At this level of minoxidil, TxB2 drops from 105 +/- 3.3 ng/ml to 10.5 +/- 2.6 ng/ml. The effect of minoxidil on platelet aggregation is not associated with increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate synthesis. All data support the conclusion that minoxidil functions (in platelet metabolism) primarily as a cyclooxygenase inhibitor.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1989

Stasis ulcers: update on a common geriatric problem.

The impact of chronic venous insufficiency on the activity and well-being of the elderly patient can be devastating. Acute complications such as cellulitis and venous ulcers often require extended hospitalization at a great cost to both patient and society. However, it is the long-term loss of ambulation that has the most profound effect on the elderly. It is clear that despite hundreds of medical papers the optimal management still has not been delineated. In general, early intervention to improve the hemodynamics before irreversible damage occurs is most beneficial. It is the responsibility of the geriatric practitioner to remain abreast of new treatments in the management of this disorder.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Cutaneous involvement of multiple myeloma and extramedullary plasmacytoma.

We recently performed a retrospective clinicopathologic study of five patients with cutaneous involvement of multiple myeloma or extramedullary plasmacytoma. Cutaneous nodules without extension from an underlying bony focus of disease developed in each case. In two cases skin lesions occurred in the more common setting of advanced disease, but in two others skin lesions provided early clues to the diagnosis. In three patients the appearance of skin lesions heralded a rapidly deteriorating clinical course, but two other patients had reasonably long survivals despite cutaneous disease (6 and 3 years, respectively). Two histopathologic configurations were identified in cutaneous lesions: nodular and infiltrative. Both patients with the latter form had multiple myeloma. In all cases tumor cells were pyroninophilic. Immunoperoxidase studies on fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues confirmed the electrophoretic findings in two cases, but findings were equivocal in three others. In one case, cells were positive for epithelial membrane antigen, and in another, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin-positive cells were observed in the centers of tumor islands. Cutaneous involvement with plasma cell neoplasms is recognized infrequently. Immunohistochemical techniques may prove to be valuable in evaluating these cases, but they are not without technical and interpretative difficulties.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

The effect of the platelet count on the aggregation response and adenosine triphosphate release in an impedance lumi-aggregometer.

Platelet aggregation studies are usually performed in either electrical impedance or optical systems and the release reaction assessed by quantitating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from luminesence produced by the firefly luciferin-luciferase system. In evaluating the results of such studies, attention is paid to a variety of parameters such as the slope of the aggregation response and the maximum aggregation expressed as percent light transmission in optical and as Ohms in electrical impedance systems. Although threshold platelet counts are frequently cited below which the performance of these studies is technically difficult, the influence of the platelet count within the normal range on the results of such studies has not been prospectively addressed. This study examines the relationship between the aggregation response, ATP release and the platelet count in a lumi-impedance system. It is clear that the platelet count influences the results in this system and requires consideration in the interpretation if an erroneous conclusion is to be avoided.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1988

Histopathologic reactions to chemotherapeutic agents.

This chapter represents the first effort to characterize the cutaneous histologic changes that occur in response to chemotherapy. In preparing this chapter it became increasingly evident that there are significant gaps in our knowledge and that many of the known clinical reactions have not had careful histologic study. The readers of this chapter are encouraged to report adverse reactions they have encountered and include complete histologic descriptions of biopsied material.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1987

Natural antibodies to human lymphocytes and erythrocytes in the serum of Orcinus orca killer whale.

The existence of naturally occurring heterophile antibodies to antigenic determinants on human blood cell membranes has long been known. It has been shown that the serum of Orcinus orca (Killer whale) does contain similar antibody. Absorption techniques in concert with either microagglutination or complement-dependent microcytotoxicity assays revealed at least three antibody specificities erythrocyte (RBC), B-lymphocyte and T-lymphocyte. Human erythrocyte specificity has been separated from other mammalian RBC specificity, and higher microagglutination titers and/or scores were observed with human group A RBC's than with group B,O, or AB. Tests run at 4 degrees, 20 degrees and 37 degrees C). Higher microcytotoxicity and microagglutination activity was demonstrated with B versus T lymphocytes. It is hoped that the characterization of the antigenic specificity of these heterophile agglutinins will prove to be useful as a biological reagent-tool which may be applied to the identification of a new receptor on human lymphocytes and/or erythrocytes. Also, if isolated, these agglutinins could be useful in the study of the occurrence and presence of specific receptors on cell membranes and give insight as to how these receptors change in health, disease and malignancy.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1987

Piloleiomyoma arising in an organoid nevus: a case report and review of the literature.

The case of a 59-year-old woman with a history of an organoid nevus of the scalp is reported. Histologic examination revealed multiple secondary tumors including a tumor of the follicular infundibulum, an apocrine nevus, a syringocystadenoma papilliferum, an apocrine adenoma, and a piloleiomyoma occurring in the absence of sebaceous glands. The types of secondary tumors which may develop within organoid nevi are reviewed. The terminology and pathogenesis of this hamartoma are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis associated with induction chemotherapy.

We report three new cases of neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis associated with induction chemotherapy which resolves two major points. First, because two of our patients had testicular carcinoma; this firmly establishes that NEH is not exclusively seen in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia or Hodgkin's lymphoma as previously reported. Second, because two of our patients did not receive cytarabine which has previously been suspected of being the causative agent, it is apparent that this disorder may be produced by more than one chemotherapeutic agent or combination of agents. The histologic features with a discussion of the spectrum of changes which may be seen are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cutaneous microthrombi: a histologic clue to the diagnosis of hypereosinophilic syndrome.

Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a rare systemic disease that frequently has cutaneous lesions. Past reviews of the histopathology of the skin lesions have revealed a nonspecific dermal infiltrate with occasional eosinophils as a constant finding. A case of hypereosinophilic syndrome with cutaneous manifestations, in which the skin biopsy demonstrated multiple cutaneous microthrombi, is reported. The diagnostic and prognostic significance of this finding is discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1986

Cutaneous lentiginosis with atrial myxomas.

This report describes a 25-year-old white woman with lentigines, cutaneous myxomas, bilateral atrial myxomas, and cerebral artery aneurysms. We believe this case to be the fifth reported case of this unusual association in the medical literature, with the additional finding of a central nervous system aneurysm. In the past this association has been described under the mnemonics NAME syndrome and LAMB syndrome. We propose that these mnemonics be dropped because the particular features encompassed within this syndrome are unclear. We suggest that "cutaneous lentiginosis with atrial myxomas" is an adequate description of this syndrome.

Adult↗